一种安全事件模糊关联规则挖掘算法

随着信息技术和数据库技术的飞速发展,从大量的数据中获取有用的信息和知识变得越来越重要。模糊关联规则挖掘是数据挖掘中针对数量型属性关联规则发现的一种有效方法。提出了一种基于矩阵的模糊关联规则挖掘算法,并将其应用于网络安全事件关联分析中,通过对DARPA标准数据集的分析,得出了预期数量的关联规则,并成功验证了某些攻击场景,该模糊关联规则挖掘算法取得了较好的实验结果。     

隐马尔可夫模型的异质网络链接预测方法研究

为了解决异质网络的结构信息和语义信息挖掘不全面的问题,针对异质网络的链接预测,提出了将基于元路径的分析方式与隐马尔可夫模型相结合的链接预测方法。考虑到聚簇可以有效地捕获异质网络的结构信息,将k-means算法进行改进得到基于距离均方差最小的初始聚簇中心方法,并将其应用到隐马尔可夫模型(HMM)中,设计了基于聚簇的一阶隐马尔可夫模型(C-HMM~((1)))的链接预测方法,同时提出基于聚簇的二阶隐马尔可夫模型(C-HMM~((2)))的异质网络的链接预测方法。进一步考虑数据的特征信息,提出了将最大熵模型和二阶隐马尔可夫模型相结合的链接预测方法 ME-HMM。实验结果表明,ME-HMM比C-HMM方法的链接预测精确度更高,且ME-HMM因充分考虑到数据的特征信息比C-HMM的性能更加优异。     

基于最大熵的隐马尔可夫模型文本信息抽取

文本信息抽取是处理海量文本的重要手段之一.最大熵模型提供了一种自然语言处理的方法.提出了一种基于最大熵的隐马尔可夫模型文本信息抽取算法.该算法结合最大熵模型在处理规则知识上的优势,以及隐马尔可夫模型在序列处理和统计学习上的技术基础,将每个观察文本单元所有特征的加权之和用来调整隐马尔可夫模型中的转移概率参数,实现文本信息抽取.实验结果表明,新的算法在精确度和召回率指标上比简单隐马尔可夫模型具有更好的性能.     

基于隐马尔可夫高斯随机场模型的模糊聚类高分辨率遥感影像分割算法

本文利用隐马尔可夫随机场和高斯模型分别建立标号场和特征场的邻域关系,提出了基于隐马尔可夫高斯随机场模型的模糊聚类分割算法。该算法用隐马尔可夫随机场模型定义先验概率,并将该先验概率作为尺度控制因子引入到KL（Kullback-Lerbler）信息中,在目标函数的定义中,KL信息作为规则化项,其系数表示算法的模糊程度。在基于高斯模型的后验概率中,像素相关性被定义在空间和谱间,并用该概率的负对数值表征像素点到聚类中心的非相似性测度。通过对合成遥感影像和高分辨率遥感影像进行分割实验,证明了算法的有效性和普适性。     

基于隐马尔可夫模型的风险评估方法

针对网络攻击场景下一段时间内信息系统面临的安全风险,文中提出一种基于隐马尔可夫模型的风险评估方法,将网络主机的漏洞建模为隐马尔可夫模型中的状态,将可能受到的攻击建模为隐马尔可夫模型中的观察值,求解一段时间内的成功攻击概率;根据攻击成功后产生的代价和成功攻击的概率,得到时间段内总风险度量值。该方法可从整体角度对网络攻击场景下一段时间内的信息安全风险进行量化评估。     

基于改进HMM的半结构化文本信息抽取算法研究

在分析半结构化文本特点与隐马尔可夫模型的基础上,提出了一种新的基于隐马尔可夫模型的信息抽取算法,并与传统的基于单一隐马尔可夫模型的信息抽取算法进行了比较分析。实验结果表明,所提算法在精确度上有明显优化,特别在状态特征不明显的情况下仍能保持良好的精确度。将该算法应用于半结构化文本的信息抽取中,具有较好的可行性和有效性。     

一种动态电源管理预测算法的设计及仿真

针对基于马尔可夫模型的预测式动态电源管理算法（DPMPA）对大型样本数据预测精度低的问题,提出了一种具备自反馈功能的内嵌式马尔可夫模型（RMM）的DPMPA。该算法基于分层迭代思想,对满足马尔可夫性质的大型数据进行聚类,再使用马尔可夫算法对构建出的迭代数据模型：上层抽象数据模型和底层实例数据模型进行训练。引入反馈函数φ（i）,控制转换概率矩阵更新频率,保证预测精度范围。依此,编制了自反馈内嵌式马尔可夫模型DPMPA的Matlab程序。应用该程序对无线热点访问次数进行仿真预测,得出不同训练样本数对后期样本的预测精度的影响,对比马尔可夫算法和自适应学习树（ALT）算法预测结果表明,基于该自反馈RMM预测式动态电源管理算法对于大型样本数据预测精度比前者高5%,后者高10%。预测精确度的提高,将更有利于马尔可夫算法的DPM系统功耗控制。     

基于模糊多特征递归分组算法的隐树结构图模型学习

隐树结构图模型通过引入了隐藏节点来描述变量之间的潜在关系,因而可以更好地对变量之间的相关性进行建模。树模型学习过程中,从变量观测数据所提取的有用特征数量,决定了该模型对变量间深层关系的建模能力;而现有学习算法都是对观测数据直接计算统计量来进行模型学习,未能按观测数据中的特征分类处理。针对现有算法对观测数据中信息利用不充分的不足,该文提出基于模糊多特征递归分组算法的隐树模型学习方法。首先,将变量的原始观测数据通过反映其特征的模糊隶属度函数转化成多个模糊特征,并构造多维模糊特征向量;其次,计算两两变量模糊特征向量之间的距离,并将其综合得到所有变量之间的模糊特征向量距离矩阵;最后,基于该距离矩阵,利用递归分组算法学习隐树模型。该文还将所提算法应用于股票收益数据和气温数据建模,验证了该文算法的实用性和有效性。     

基于矩阵的模糊关联规则挖掘算法及其应用研究

针对布尔型关联规则不能表达挖掘对象中模糊信息的关联性,给出了一系列有关模糊关联规则的定义,并提出了一种基于矩阵结构的模糊关联规则数据挖掘算法(FARMBM).该算法通过构造矩阵结构来压缩存储模糊模式候选集和频繁集,有效节约了存储模糊模式候选集和模糊模式频繁集内存花销,只需扫描数据库两遍,且可以有效减少系统的I/O开销.这里把FARMBM运用到入侵检测的仿真实验中,实验结果表明,该算法是有效的.     

基于二阶隐马尔可夫模型的文本信息抽取

隐马尔可夫模型是文本信息抽取的重要方法之一.在一阶隐马尔可夫模型中,假设状态转移概率和观察值输出概率仅依赖于模型当前的状态,一定程度降低了信息抽取的精确度.而二阶隐马尔可夫模型合理地考虑了概率和模型历史状态的关联性,对错误信息有更强的识别能力.提出了基于二阶隐马尔可夫模型的文本信息抽取算法;分析了二阶隐马尔可夫模型在文本信息抽取中的有效性;仿真实验表明,新的算法比基于一阶隐马尔可夫模型的算法具有更高的抽取精确度.     

Preparation and Characterization of TaN ALD Precursors

High purity organic-tantalum precursors for thin film ALD TaN were synthesized and characterized.Vapor pressure and thermal stability of these precursors were studied.From the vapor pressure analysis,it was found that TBTEMT has a higher vapor pressure than any other published liquid TaN precursor,including TBTDET,TAITMATA,and IPTDET.Thermal stability of the alkyl groups on the precursors was investigated using a 1H NMR technique.The results indicated that the tertbutylimino group is the most stable group on TBTDET and TBTEMT as compared to the dialkylamido groups.Thermal stability of TaN precursors decreased in the following order:TBTDET ＞ PDMAT ＞ TBTEMT.In conclusion,precursor vapor pressure and thermal stability were tuned by making slight variations in the ligand sphere around the metal center.     

Curved crystal spectrometer for the measurement of X-ray lines from laser-produced plasmas

In order to diagnose the laser-produced plasmas, a focusing curved crystal spectrometer has been developed for measuring the X-ray lines radiated from a laser-produced plasmas. The design is based on the fact that the ray emitted from a source located at one focus of an ellipse will converge on the other focus by the reflection of the elliptical surface. The focal length and the eccentricity of the ellipse are 1350 mm and 0.9586, respectively. The spectrometer can be used to measure the X- ray lines in the wavelength range of 0.2-0.37 nm, and a LiF crystal （200） （2d = 0.4027 nm） is used as dispersive element covering Bragg angle from 30° to 67.5°. The spectrometer was tested on Shengnang- Ⅱ which can deliver laser energy of 60-80 J/pulse and the laser wavelength is 0.35 μm. Photographs of spectra including the 1 s2p ^1P1-1s^2 ^1S0 resonance line（w）, the 1s2p ^3P2-1s^2 1S0 magnetic quadrupole line（x）, the 1s2p ^3P1-1 s^2 ^1S0 intercombination lines（y）, the 1 s2p ^3S~1-1 s^2 ^1S0 forbidden line（z） in helium-like Ti Ⅹ Ⅺ and the 1 s2s2p ^2P3/2-1 s622s ^2S1/2 line（q） in lithium-like Ti Ⅹ Ⅹhave been recorded with a X-ray CCD camera. The experimental result shows that the wavelength resolution（λ/△ 2） is above 1000 and the elliptical crystal spectrometer is suitable for X-ray spectroscopy.     

Electronic Structure of Semiconductor Nanocrystals

This paper reviews our recent development of the use of the large-scale pseudopotential method to calculate the electronic structure of semiconductor nanocrystals, such as quantum dots and wires, which often contain tens of thousands of atoms. The calculated size-dependent exciton energies and absorption spectra of quantum dots and wires are in good agreement with experiments. We show that the electronic structure of a nanocrystal can be tuned not only by its size,but also by its shape. Finally,we show that defect properties in quantum dots can be significantly different from those in bulk semiconductors.     

Critical Stage Rule-Based Real Time Dispatch（RTD）System in Highly-Mixed-Products （HMP） FAB

An improving utilization and efficiency of critical equipments in semiconductor wafer fabrication facilities are concerned. Semiconductor manufacturing FAB is one of the most complicated and cost sensitive environments. A good dispatching tool will make big difference in equipment utilization and FAB output as a whole. The equipment in this paper is In-Line DUV Scanner. There are many factors impacting utilization and output on this equipment group. In HMP environment one of the issues is changing of reticule in this area and idle counts due to load unbalance between equipments. Here we'll introduce a rule-based RTD system which aiming at decreasing the number of recipe change and idle counts among a group of scanner equipment in a high-mixed-products FAB.     

GaAsSb/InAlAs PA DHBTs Grown by Production MBE

The epi material growth of GaAsSb based DHBTs with InAlAs emitters are investigated using a 4 × 100mm multi-wafer production Riber 49 MBE reactor fully equipped with real-time in-situ sensors including an absorption band edge spectroscope and an optical-based flux monitor. The state-of-the-art hole mobilities are obtained from 100nm thick carbon-doped GaAsSb. A Sb composition variation of less than ± 0.1 atomic percent across a 4 × 100mm platen configuration has been achieved. The large area InAlAs/GaAsSb/InP DHBT device demonstrates excellent DC characteristics,such as BVCEO＞6V and a DC current gain of 45 at 1kA/cm2 for an emitter size of 50μm × 50μm. The devices have a 40nm thick GaAsSb base with p-doping of 4. 5 × 1019cm-3 . Devices with an emitter size of 4μm × 30μm have a current gain variation less than 2% across the fully processed 100mm wafer. ft and fmax are over 50GHz,with a power efficiency of 50% ,which are comparable to standard power GaAs HBT results. These results demonstrate the potential application of GaAsSb/InP DHBT for power amplifiers and the feasibility of multi-wafer MBE for mass production of GaAsSb-based HBTs.     

Noise character analysis and the restraint of self-pulsation laser diodes

We calculate the Langevin noise sources of self-pulsation laser diodes, analyze the effects of active region noise and saturable-absorption region noise on the power fluctuation as well as period fluctuation, and propose a novel method to restrain the noise effects. A visible SIMULINK model is established to simulate the system, The results indicate that the effects of noise in absorption region can be ignored; that with the increase of DC injecting current, the noise effects enhance power jitter, and nevertheless, the period jitter is decreased; and that with external sinusoidal current modulating the self-pulsation laser diode, the noise-induced power jitter and period jitter can be suppressed greatly. This work is valuable for clock recovery in all-optical network.     

High-quality single-crystal CdSe nanoribbons and their optical properties

Large-scale synthesis of single-crystal CdSe nanoribbons is achieved by a modified thermal evaporation method, in which two-step-thermal-evaporation is used to control CdSe sources＇ evaporation. The synthesized CdSe nanoribbons are usually several micrometers in width, 50 nm in thickness, and tens to several hundred micrometers in length. Studies have shown that high-quality CdSe nanoribbons with regular shapes can be obtained by this method. Room-temperature photolumines-cence indicates that the lasing emission at 710 nm has been observed under optical pumping （266 nm） at power densities of 25-153 kW/cm^2. The full width half maximum （FWHM） of the lasing mode is 0.67 nm     

Propagation of hermite-cosh-gaussian beams passing through ABCD optical system with an annular aperture

By using the expansion of the aperture function into a finte sum of complex Gaussian functions, the corresponding analytical expressions of Hermite-cosh-Gaussian beams passing through annular apertured paraxially and symmetrically optical systems written in terms of ABCD matrix were derived, and they could reduce to the cases with squared aperture. In a similar way, the corresponding analytical expressions of cosh-Gaussian beams through annular apertured ABCD matrix were also given. The method could save more calculation time than that by using the diffraction integral formula directly.     

Influence of polarization extinction ratio on distributed polarization coupling detection

Distributed polarization coupling in polarization-maintaining fibers can be detected by using a white light Michelson interferometer. This technique usually requires that only one polarization mode is excited. However, in practical measurement, the injection polarization direction could not be exactly aligned to one of the principal axes of the PMF, so the influence of the polarization extinction ratio should be considered. Based on the polarization coupling theory, the influence of the incident polarization extinction on the measurement result is evaluated and analyzed, and a method for distributed polarization coupling detection is developed when both two orthogonal eigenmodes are excited.     

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正Communications—VLSI Researches and industries of telecommunications have been growing rapidly in the last 20 years and will keep their high growing pace in the next decade.The involved researches and developments cover mobile communications,highway and last-mile broadband communication,domain specific communications,and emerging D2D M2M communications.Radio communication steps into its