一种空间弱小目标的图像检测方法

针对天基空间观测图像背景缓慢运动和目标信噪比低的特点,提出了一种滤除星空背景检测太空弱小目标及获取运动轨迹的方法。通过对动态背景序列图像的背景恒星配准及背景消除,得到了目标图像。通过基于目标特征的滤波,并用质心法计算出每帧目标代替点得到简洁的目标轨迹图像。最后使用Hough直线检测算法和最小二乘法提取目标轨迹。实验结果验证了该方法的有效性。     

基于三角形匹配的空间小目标检测算法

由于天基平台拍摄天空图片时,背景和相机同时发生相对运动,造成相邻帧之间无法通过简单的帧差法得到运动的小目标,造成了空间目标检测的难度。在分析星空图像模型的基础上,提出了一种提取特征点组成匹配三角形的图像配准方法。首先对图像进行预处理,通过最优阈值的选取对单帧图像进行分割,去除背景噪声。将星点按面积大小划分,对符合条件的星点组成特征三角形并在相邻帧中进行匹配得到运动参数。在配准时为了减小计算量,忽略背景插值只针对星点坐标矩阵进行处理。最后通过多帧轨迹关联检测出目标的运动轨迹。仿真实验表明,在运动的序列图像中,该方法能实现高检测率和低虚警率的实时检测。     

基于扩展卡尔曼滤波的空间小目标跟踪算法

由于天基平台拍摄天空图片时,背景和相机同时发生相对运动,造成相邻帧之间无法通过简单的帧差法得到运动的小目标,造成了空间目标检测的难度。在分析星空图像模型的基础上,提出了一种提取特征点组成匹配三角形的图像配准方法,该方法通过最优阈值的选取对单帧图像进行分割,去除背景噪声。将星点按面积大小划分,符合条件的星点组成特征三角形并在相邻帧中进行匹配得到运动参数。在配准时为了减小计算量,忽略背景插值只针对星点坐标矩阵进行处理。最后通过多帧轨迹关联检测出目标的运动轨迹。仿真实验表明,在运动的序列图像中,该方法能实现高检测率和低虚警率的实时检测。     

基于时序多帧投影的空间目标检测算法

为了对星图中空间目标进行检测识别,对基于 SURF（Speed-Up Robust Featrues）算法的星图精确配准技术和美国 SBV（Space-Based Visual）计划采用的 MTI（Moving Target Indicati-or）在轨目标检测算法进行了深入研究,提出一种针对16 Bits 星图的多目标检测算法,具体包括：首先利用 SURF 算法提取序列星图的特征点,根据最小二乘法计算得到的全局运动参数对星图进行精确配准;然后利用一种改进的 MTI 算法对序列星图进行时序多帧投影以抑制背景,得到仅含有疑似目标的序列图像;最后经过目标初始运动状态的建立,速度滤波以及坐标插值得到目标的运动轨迹。利用实拍的20帧序列星图验证算法性能,经本文算法配准后,星像质心的均方误差（RMSE,Root Mean Square Error）最小达到0.3269 pixel,平均值为0.5441 pixel;序列图像中的3个运动目标均被检出,且无虚警。实验结果表明,本文配准算法的精度能够满足时序多帧投影的要求,且目标检测算法符合恒虚警原理。     

深空可见光图像中弱小运动目标实时检测

 针对深空可见光图像背景特征与目标特性,提出了迭代质心的方法自适应地搜索恒星灰度质心作为特征点并构造基于恒星空间分布的特征模型,实现亚像素级精度的图像序列配准,通过8-邻域联通聚类分析的路径判别法,解决了弱小运动目标实时检测.     

基于小波多尺度图像配准的运动小目标检测

探讨了一种红外图像序列中独立运动小目标检测的新方法。通过一种鲁棒的小波多尺度图像配准过程消除主场或背景运动的影响。同时,利用改进的Fisher算法及小波变换对低频的图像进行分割,最终将目标从背景中分离出来,并对配准后分割的图像差分,获得目标运动轨迹。实验表明了该方法的有效性。     

基于相关配准的帧间差分算法

针对帧间差分法在摄像头运动时受动态背景严重干扰的问题,提出了一种基于图像配准的运动目标检测算法。首先将中值滤波后的连续两帧图像配准,配准时先在前一帧图像中选取背景,即背景图像,用区域相关法将后一帧图像与背景图像配准;接着将配准后的2帧图像差分得到帧间差分图像,即帧差图像,再用数学形态学的开运算去掉帧差图像中的一些细小噪声;最后将连续两帧去噪后的帧差图像逻辑与运算,得到运动目标检测结果。实验结果表明,在摄像头运动时的动态背景下,该算法有效地抑制了动态背景的干扰,准确地检测出了运动目标的边界,提高了运动目标检测在动态背景下的应用价值。     

基于图像配准的运动目标检测

针对导弹训练模拟器探讨一种基于图像配准运动的目标检测方法.由于差分法在动态背景下不能有效地检测出目标,故使用一种快速的基于图像亮度的角点检测,并通过考虑实际的跟踪速度与方向,建立图像间角点的对应关系,采用最小二乘法得到最佳仿射系数,再对图像进行仿射变换,由帧差法得到目标.     

图像配准中特征点检测算法的探讨

特征点是图像的一种重要局部特征,特征点检测是基于特征点图像配准的关键技术.通过特征点的提取与处理,对把握图像的局部及整体特征,特别对图像配准及目标识别等领域都具有重要的实际意义.详细介绍了图像配准中主流的特征点提取方法,并分析其优缺点.通过实验,利用特征点评价方法对各种算法的性能进行比较,对图像配准的研究具有一定的指导意义.     

基于视轴矢量序列的目标轨迹确认方法

针对椭圆轨道红外监视系统图像畸变大,基于图像配准进行目标轨迹确认误差大的问题,提出基于视轴矢量序列的目标确认分析方法;建立了目标视轴矢量序列的状态转移模型和观测模型,利用GM-PHD(Gaussian mixture probability hypothesis density)滤波器对目标视轴矢量进行滤波实现目标确认...     

Curved crystal spectrometer for the measurement of X-ray lines from laser-produced plasmas

In order to diagnose the laser-produced plasmas, a focusing curved crystal spectrometer has been developed for measuring the X-ray lines radiated from a laser-produced plasmas. The design is based on the fact that the ray emitted from a source located at one focus of an ellipse will converge on the other focus by the reflection of the elliptical surface. The focal length and the eccentricity of the ellipse are 1350 mm and 0.9586, respectively. The spectrometer can be used to measure the X- ray lines in the wavelength range of 0.2-0.37 nm, and a LiF crystal （200） （2d = 0.4027 nm） is used as dispersive element covering Bragg angle from 30° to 67.5°. The spectrometer was tested on Shengnang- Ⅱ which can deliver laser energy of 60-80 J/pulse and the laser wavelength is 0.35 μm. Photographs of spectra including the 1 s2p ^1P1-1s^2 ^1S0 resonance line（w）, the 1s2p ^3P2-1s^2 1S0 magnetic quadrupole line（x）, the 1s2p ^3P1-1 s^2 ^1S0 intercombination lines（y）, the 1 s2p ^3S~1-1 s^2 ^1S0 forbidden line（z） in helium-like Ti Ⅹ Ⅺ and the 1 s2s2p ^2P3/2-1 s622s ^2S1/2 line（q） in lithium-like Ti Ⅹ Ⅹhave been recorded with a X-ray CCD camera. The experimental result shows that the wavelength resolution（λ/△ 2） is above 1000 and the elliptical crystal spectrometer is suitable for X-ray spectroscopy.     

Preparation and Characterization of TaN ALD Precursors

High purity organic-tantalum precursors for thin film ALD TaN were synthesized and characterized.Vapor pressure and thermal stability of these precursors were studied.From the vapor pressure analysis,it was found that TBTEMT has a higher vapor pressure than any other published liquid TaN precursor,including TBTDET,TAITMATA,and IPTDET.Thermal stability of the alkyl groups on the precursors was investigated using a 1H NMR technique.The results indicated that the tertbutylimino group is the most stable group on TBTDET and TBTEMT as compared to the dialkylamido groups.Thermal stability of TaN precursors decreased in the following order:TBTDET ＞ PDMAT ＞ TBTEMT.In conclusion,precursor vapor pressure and thermal stability were tuned by making slight variations in the ligand sphere around the metal center.     

Electronic Structure of Semiconductor Nanocrystals

This paper reviews our recent development of the use of the large-scale pseudopotential method to calculate the electronic structure of semiconductor nanocrystals, such as quantum dots and wires, which often contain tens of thousands of atoms. The calculated size-dependent exciton energies and absorption spectra of quantum dots and wires are in good agreement with experiments. We show that the electronic structure of a nanocrystal can be tuned not only by its size,but also by its shape. Finally,we show that defect properties in quantum dots can be significantly different from those in bulk semiconductors.     

Critical Stage Rule-Based Real Time Dispatch（RTD）System in Highly-Mixed-Products （HMP） FAB

An improving utilization and efficiency of critical equipments in semiconductor wafer fabrication facilities are concerned. Semiconductor manufacturing FAB is one of the most complicated and cost sensitive environments. A good dispatching tool will make big difference in equipment utilization and FAB output as a whole. The equipment in this paper is In-Line DUV Scanner. There are many factors impacting utilization and output on this equipment group. In HMP environment one of the issues is changing of reticule in this area and idle counts due to load unbalance between equipments. Here we'll introduce a rule-based RTD system which aiming at decreasing the number of recipe change and idle counts among a group of scanner equipment in a high-mixed-products FAB.     

GaAsSb/InAlAs PA DHBTs Grown by Production MBE

The epi material growth of GaAsSb based DHBTs with InAlAs emitters are investigated using a 4 × 100mm multi-wafer production Riber 49 MBE reactor fully equipped with real-time in-situ sensors including an absorption band edge spectroscope and an optical-based flux monitor. The state-of-the-art hole mobilities are obtained from 100nm thick carbon-doped GaAsSb. A Sb composition variation of less than ± 0.1 atomic percent across a 4 × 100mm platen configuration has been achieved. The large area InAlAs/GaAsSb/InP DHBT device demonstrates excellent DC characteristics,such as BVCEO＞6V and a DC current gain of 45 at 1kA/cm2 for an emitter size of 50μm × 50μm. The devices have a 40nm thick GaAsSb base with p-doping of 4. 5 × 1019cm-3 . Devices with an emitter size of 4μm × 30μm have a current gain variation less than 2% across the fully processed 100mm wafer. ft and fmax are over 50GHz,with a power efficiency of 50% ,which are comparable to standard power GaAs HBT results. These results demonstrate the potential application of GaAsSb/InP DHBT for power amplifiers and the feasibility of multi-wafer MBE for mass production of GaAsSb-based HBTs.     

Influence of polarization extinction ratio on distributed polarization coupling detection

Distributed polarization coupling in polarization-maintaining fibers can be detected by using a white light Michelson interferometer. This technique usually requires that only one polarization mode is excited. However, in practical measurement, the injection polarization direction could not be exactly aligned to one of the principal axes of the PMF, so the influence of the polarization extinction ratio should be considered. Based on the polarization coupling theory, the influence of the incident polarization extinction on the measurement result is evaluated and analyzed, and a method for distributed polarization coupling detection is developed when both two orthogonal eigenmodes are excited.     

Noise character analysis and the restraint of self-pulsation laser diodes

We calculate the Langevin noise sources of self-pulsation laser diodes, analyze the effects of active region noise and saturable-absorption region noise on the power fluctuation as well as period fluctuation, and propose a novel method to restrain the noise effects. A visible SIMULINK model is established to simulate the system, The results indicate that the effects of noise in absorption region can be ignored; that with the increase of DC injecting current, the noise effects enhance power jitter, and nevertheless, the period jitter is decreased; and that with external sinusoidal current modulating the self-pulsation laser diode, the noise-induced power jitter and period jitter can be suppressed greatly. This work is valuable for clock recovery in all-optical network.     

High-quality single-crystal CdSe nanoribbons and their optical properties

Large-scale synthesis of single-crystal CdSe nanoribbons is achieved by a modified thermal evaporation method, in which two-step-thermal-evaporation is used to control CdSe sources＇ evaporation. The synthesized CdSe nanoribbons are usually several micrometers in width, 50 nm in thickness, and tens to several hundred micrometers in length. Studies have shown that high-quality CdSe nanoribbons with regular shapes can be obtained by this method. Room-temperature photolumines-cence indicates that the lasing emission at 710 nm has been observed under optical pumping （266 nm） at power densities of 25-153 kW/cm^2. The full width half maximum （FWHM） of the lasing mode is 0.67 nm     

Propagation of hermite-cosh-gaussian beams passing through ABCD optical system with an annular aperture

By using the expansion of the aperture function into a finte sum of complex Gaussian functions, the corresponding analytical expressions of Hermite-cosh-Gaussian beams passing through annular apertured paraxially and symmetrically optical systems written in terms of ABCD matrix were derived, and they could reduce to the cases with squared aperture. In a similar way, the corresponding analytical expressions of cosh-Gaussian beams through annular apertured ABCD matrix were also given. The method could save more calculation time than that by using the diffraction integral formula directly.     

中国建立EB级存储实验室,致力云计算应用(英文)

正With the support of 863 programs,Sugon Information Industry Co.,Ltd.,set up a dawning EB-class storage laboratory to address massive data storage requirements and largescale cloud computing demonstration applications.The Dawning EB-class cloud storage system adopts advanced fault-tolerant architecture,efficient data fault-tolerant algorithms with user authentication and data encryption policies to deal with the"lost""wrong"and"stolen"problems of data for ensuring the reliability and safety of the EB-class storage system in the public network application environments.The Dawning EB-class Storage Laboratory taking advan-