有机电致发光显示器件的研制及产品开发现状

阐明了有机电致发光（ＥＬ）显示器件的基本结构和工作机理,对比了无源矩阵和有源矩阵两种有机ＥＬ器件驱动方式,总结了有机ＥＬ器件的制作工艺。展示了现有的有机ＥＬ产品和各大研究机构的最新成果,并且对有机电致发光现象发现以来的专利情况做了图表式总结。     

有机EL新进展

有机ＥＬ新进展李文连（中国科学院长春物理研究所，长春１３００２１）引言本文根据日本几次全国性有机ＥＬ专门讨论会内容评述了有机ＥＬ材料、器件、测试、新性能开发以及应用方面的新进展。日本在有机ＥＬ方面已经实现了产业化，可见他们的研究内容更偏重实际应用。由...     

有机EL新进展

有机ＥＬ新进展李文连（中国科学院长春物理研究所，长春１３００２１）（接上期）第五章有机ＥＬ性能提高的主要途径５．１有机ＥＬ的Ｘｉ作机制与器件结构５．１．１有机ＥＬ工作模式电致发光是注入的电子和空穴在发光层能带间隙内复合产生的。在描述载流子时，一般采用...     

有机EL的稳定性和寿命

介绍了有机ＥＬ在稳定性及寿命方面的最新研究动态，着重描述了器件功能层组合的相互接触、阴极、空穴传输层玻璃化温度和驱动条件等对有机ＥＬ稳定性和寿命的影响。     

有机薄膜电致发光的回顾和展望

综述了有机薄膜电致发光（ＯＴＦＥＬ）的发展过程，总结了ＯＴＦＥＬ的四种器件结构和工作原理，介绍了器件的制备并了选择有机发光材料的基本原则，文末展望了ＯＴＦＥＬ的应用前景。     

聚合物电致发光器件的研究进展

聚合物电致发光器件（ＥＬＤ）因其具有许多无机及有机小分子ＥＬＤ所不具备的优点，成为电致发光领域研究的热点。通过掺杂或适当的分子设计可以调谐发光颜色。介绍和评述了聚合物电致发光原理、电致发光器件、电致发光材料的开发及应用前景。     

染料掺杂型有机电致发光器件

叙述了采用共蒸发法进行有机小分子掺杂对有机ＥＬ器件效率、寿命和发光色的影响规律。结果表明,小分子掺杂法不但可以大幅度提高有机ＥＬ寿命,还可以获得希望的发光色,同时还提出了掺杂剂的选择标准。     

有机电致发光技术及其发展方向

介绍了有机ＥＬ的工作原理,有机ＥＬ器件的结构,材料和制造方法,以及今后的发展趋势。     

有机电致发光器件的Buffer Layer及其金属掺杂

描述了电极与有机层之间的薄层（０．１～１ｎｍ）Ｂｕｆｆｅｒ Ｌａｙｅｒ（缓冲层,特别是ＬｉＦ）对ＯＥＬ器件性能,特别是亮度效率的提高及其增强机制,评述了复合电极及金属掺杂有机物层对ＯＥＬ器件亮度和效率的增强现象。     

电致磷光及其有机El的量子效率提高

一般有机电致发光（ＯＥＬ）器件仅利用了单重态发射,因而效率较低,为了提高有机ＥＬ效率,人们设法利用三重态的发射提高其量子效率。本文评述了如何利用三重态发射产生的电致磷光提高有机ＥＬ效率问题。     

有机电致发光显示板

本文介绍高性能多层有机电致发光显示器件。该器件可分为三类。多层器件的发光亮度超过１００ｃｄ／ｍ’，驱动电压低于２０Ｖ。文章也介绍了高亮度器件的发光机理和器件的稳定性。     

有机电致发光的效率

描述了评价有机电致发光性能的重要指标－－发光效率问题,从发光机制考虑,一般常用外量子效率和内量子效率来评价。外量子效率是有机电致发光器件输出光子数与注入电子数之比;内量子效率是产生在器件内部的光子数与液入电子数之比,对于光子能否输出到器件外部无关紧要。评价器件性能还有一些其他效率评价方法,如能量效率,功率效率等,特别是外功率效率（1m/W),电流效率（cd/A)也常常用于表征有机电致发光性能,但它们与发光光谱的视觉灵敏度有关,对紫外外辐射器件不适用,另外,利用三重态激子发射可以提高EL器件效率,理论上可达100％,器件结构及材料对器件外量子效率影响至关重要。     

有机EL和LED与无机EL和LED发光机制的异同

比较了有机EL和LED与无机EL和LED的主要差异。有机EL属于电注入发光,无机EL属于高场激发下的碰撞离化机制,而且有机LED和无机LED的激发和发光机制也不同。无机半导体中往往存在着局域载流子,而有机LED必须从电极注入,在未注入载流子之前,它们是绝缘体。不能简单地用无机LED中的p-n结理论来解释有机LED的发光现象。     

激基复合物与有机聚合物EL性能的关系

本文评述了有机／有机／高分子,高分子界面和混合物间Ｅｘｃｉｐｌｅｘ的形成与ＥＬ性能的关系及Ｅｘｃｉｐｌｅｘ的形成机制。     

The Electroluminescent Decay Mechanism of Rare-Earth Ions in OLEDs Based on a Terbium Complex

The organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) based on terbium (Tb) complexes show sharp green emission spectrum with excellent color purity. However, the brightness of Tb-OLEDs is generally weak. Here, the electroluminescent (EL) decay mechanism of TB-OLEDs is studied by arbitrarily using tris-(1-phenyl-3-methyl-4-isobutyryl-5-pyrozolone)-bis(triphenyl phosphine oxide) terbium as the emitting layer. The device shows high EL efficiency at low current density but rapid reduction of device efficiency at higher current density. The transient EL is investigated for understanding the decay process of excited Tb³⁺ ions. Together with theoretical studies, exciton quenching is proposed to explain the decay of the Tb-OLEDs which is important for optimizing and engineering the material and device structures. The EL from the mixed layer of the Tb and europium (Eu) complexes is also studied. We find that the EL performance and transient decay of the excited Tb ions are modified by energy transfer from Tb to Eu in the OLEDs.     

Non‐Volatile Polymer Electroluminescence Programmable with Ferroelectric Field‐Induced Charge Injection Gate

Electroluminescence (EL) of organic and polymeric fluorescent materials programmable in the luminance is extremely useful as a non‐volatile EL memory with the great potential in the variety of emerging information storage applications for imaging and motion sensors. In this work, a novel non‐volatile EL memory in which arbitrarily chosen EL states are programmed and erased repetitively with long EL retention is demonstrated. The memory is based on utilizing the built‐in electric field arising from the remnant polarization of a ferroelectric polymer which in turn controls the carrier injection of an EL device. A device with vertically stacked components of a transparent bottom electrode/a ferroelectric polymer/a hole injection layer/a light emitting layer/a top electrode successfully emits light upon alternating current (AC) operation. Interestingly, the device exhibits two distinctive non‐volatile EL intensities at constant reading AC voltage, depending upon the programmed direct current (DC) voltage on the ferroelectric layer. DC programmed and AC read EL memories are also realized with different EL colors of red, green and blue. Furthermore, more than four distinguishable EL states are precisely addressed upon the programmed voltage input each of which shows excellent EL retention and multiple cycle endurance of more than 10⁵ s and 10² cycles, respectively.     

Enhancement of hole injection with an ultra-thin Ag2O modified anode in organic light-emitting diodes

The interface between the organic layer and the Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) layer of an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) is crucial to the performance of the device. An ultra-thin Ag₂O film, used as an anode modification layer, has been employed on ITO surface through the UV-ozone treatment of Ag films. The insertion of this thin film with higher work function enhances the hole injection in the organic light-emitting diode and improves the performance of the devices effectively. The maximum electroluminescence (EL) efficiency of the device with the Ag₂O film is 4.95 cd/A, it is about 60% higher than that of the device without it.     

短波长谐振腔发光二极管外延及性能研究

利用金属有机化学气相沉积（MOCVD）方法生长650 nm谐振腔半导体发光二极管（RCLED）,利用光致发光（PL）谱和电致发光（EL）谱研究了其发光特性.由于上、下布拉格反射镜的影响,导致其PL强度只有普通LED的1/20;EL谱纯度有了很大提高,半峰宽（FWHM）由普通LED的20 nm降到4 nm以下.最好的器件测试结果表明,可以在60 mA、2.71 V下,实现1.45 mW以上发射功率,最窄FWHM在3 nm.     

有机电致发光材料的研究

有机LED平板显示器具有效率高、亮度强、能耗低、色彩丰富以及响应速度快等优点，是近年来发光显示领域的研究热点。作为有机LED平板显示器的物质基础，电致发光(EL)材料是直接影响其器件性能的关键因素。本文在阐述器件结构和发光机理的基础上，重点介绍有机LED器件的电致发光材料，并对其应用前景进行展望。