基于PI逆模型的压电执行器复合控制

在利用腔衰荡光谱技术分析痕量气体时,压电陶瓷执行器常用来调节光学谐振腔的长度。为了提高压电陶瓷执行器的定位精度,针对压电陶瓷执行器的迟滞非线性,利用Prandtl-Ishlinskii(PI)模型对执行器迟滞进行建模,分别采用最小二乘法和梯度下降法对模型参数进行辨识,同时,由于执行器迟滞曲线的非对称性,针对上升和下降过程分别进行辨识。结果表明,相比于最小二乘法,梯度下降法辨识的模型参数能更好地拟合执行器实际迟滞曲线,平均绝对误差减小了67.6%。设计基于PI逆模型的复合控制方法,并进行实验验证,采用在线参数辨识来实时更新模型参数。试验结果表明,在正弦波和三角波信号输入下,执行器的平均跟踪误差分别为0.035μm和0.028μm,该复合控制法可有效提高执行器定位精度。     

基于LSTM神经网络的压电执行器位移迟滞建模

该文搭建迟滞测量实验平台,测量一种用于LED晶圆检测压电执行器的迟滞效应,设计了一种基于长短期记忆(LSTM)神经网络的压电迟滞模型,使用时间序列预测法对压电执行器位移迟滞效应建模。将该模型与传统的Prandtl-Ishlinskii(PI)模型进行对比。实验结果表明,神经网络模型具有较好、较广泛的迟滞建模效果,对于正弦波,位移预测精度保证小于2%;对于衰减正弦波,位移预测精度可保证小于3%。较高的模型预测精度为使用压电执行器进行LED晶圆检测提供了依据。     

径向双压电叠堆执行器建模与实验研究

该文设计了一种径向双压电叠堆执行器,可以实现单压电或双压电叠堆驱动,在不增加轴向长度的基础上实现输出位移的放大。针对该执行器,建立了基于Bouc-Wen的压电动态迟滞力模型作为执行器整体动力学模型力的输入;在MATLAB/Simulink中,基于最小二乘法对迟滞力模型中的参数进行辨识。仿真与实验结果表明,在峰-峰值140 V、直流偏置70 V的激励信号下,两根长为18 mm的压电叠堆在复合驱动下能输出约55μm的位移,实现了执行器的位移放大输出且在高频下无明显衰减;所建立的执行器动态迟滞模型很好地描述了单压电或双压电叠堆在1～600 Hz驱动频率下的电压-位移滞环曲线。在驱动频率为600 Hz时,双压电复合驱动的模型最大均方根误差为1.13μm,最大相对误差为6.1%,为大位移、高精度的执行器控制提供了基础。     

压电叠堆执行器迟滞非线性建模与分析

压电叠堆执行器输出位移具有迟滞非线性特性,在高精度控制和电静液作动器等应用领域,为实现进一步研究和控制,需要针对该特性进行建模。该文首先针对压电叠堆执行器的静态特性,采用改进的非对称BoucWen模型建立压电叠堆执行器的准静态模型;其次,为描述其动态位移输出特性,将执行器输出力分为线性模块和滞后模块,根据系统动力学方程建立压电叠堆执行器迟滞非线性动态模型,进行参数辨识、模型仿真与实验研究。结果表明,在400Hz频率范围内,所建立的模型能够准确描述与预测压电叠堆执行器输出位移的迟滞非线性。     

基于IDE-BPNN的快速反射镜迟滞建模

由压电陶瓷驱动的快速反射镜(FSM)现已被广泛用于自适应光学系统的执行环节,为了对其迟滞效应精确建模,该文提出了一种针对FSM的IDE-BPNN建模方法。基于Madelung法则以最小二乘法构建称迟滞算子作为迟滞运动的基本描述,扩展训练用的数据集,并采用改进的差分进化算法(IDE)对BP神经网络(BPNN)进行训练。实验表明,当输入30 Hz衰减的正弦信号时,IDE-BPNN模型的单轴最大误差为0.745μrad,归一化最大误差为0.87%,归一化均方根误差为0.36%。相较于最小二乘建模法,相对于最小二乘模型误差大幅缩小,有较好的使用价值。     

气压式血液循环驱动器预防骨科术后下肢深静脉血栓

为提高压电陶瓷驱动的微定位工作台的模型精度,提出了一种基于动态递归神经网络的建模方法.压电陶瓷具有极高的位移分辨率,但存在着迟滞非线性.分析了压电陶瓷驱动器的结构和特性,利用动态神经网络的自反馈结构和自学习能力,建立起工作台的网络模型,通过在线调整模型结构和参数,减小了工作台的建模误差.测量工作台的定位数据对网络模型进行了训练,实验结果表明,当工作台最大行程为80 μm时,平均定位误差0.07 μm,最大误差0.09 μm,比采用静态网络模型有了一定的提高.     

基于三线性插值法的preisach模型及数值实现

传统preisach模型具有次环一致特性,压电陶瓷执行器迟滞特性不满足其特性。采用传统preisach模型建模精度较低,因此,该文提出一种改进型preisach模型,推导出离散化计算方法,其数值实现采用三线性插值法。在PI公司生产的E 625系列压电陶瓷控制器平台上针对此算法进行相关实验设计和结果的验证。实验结果表明,该文提出的基于三线性插值法的preisach模型其绝对误差最大值为0.2 μm,提高了压电陶瓷preisach模型精度。     

HHGA-RBFNN在DGS设计中的应用

将递阶遗传算法和最小二乘法相结合, 构成一种混合递阶遗传算法,用于优化径向基函数神经网络的结构和参数,通过MATLAB仿真实现该算法,并将该神经网络运用于微带缺陷接地结构的神经网络建模之中,实现对微带缺陷接地结构传输系数的仿真.实验结果表明,应用混合递阶遗传算法优化的径向基函数神经网络,具有很高的拟合精度和很好的泛化能力,可以与时域有限差分分析方法结合,辅助微带缺陷接地结构的设计.     

压电叠堆执行器迟滞建模与前馈补偿研究

针对压电叠堆执行器输入电压与输出位移的动态迟滞特性,结合非对称静态Bouc-Wen迟滞模型,建立了压电叠堆执行器动态迟滞模型,并采用粒子群算法辨识出6个模型参数。为提高压电叠堆执行器动态位移输出精度,进一步推导出压电叠堆执行器迟滞逆模型,最终在此基础上对压电叠堆执行器进行前馈补偿研究。仿真与实验结果对比表明,在0~120V峰值电压与0~500Hz激励频率内,所建立的动态迟滞模型能够较好地描述与预测压电叠堆执行器的动态输出位移。前馈补偿实验研究结果表明,利用所建的迟滞逆模型补偿后,压电叠堆执行器的滞环减小,输出位移非线性度下降约3%。     

压电陶瓷迟滞建模及控制仿真

为了提高压电陶瓷驱动器在调节光学谐振腔长度时的精度,设计了一种压电陶瓷驱动系统。同时,为了改善压电陶瓷的迟滞特性,利用Duhem迟滞模型对其进行建模,利用梯度下降法对模型参数进行辨识,得到迟滞模型;并利用逆模型补偿及比例、积分、微分(PID)复合控制方法进行控制。实验结果表明,Duhem模型可以有效地拟合压电陶瓷驱动器的迟滞,在15 μm的范围内,最大拟合误差小于0.2 μm ;同时,在复合控制下,驱动器的最大控制误差为12 nm,表明该复合控制方法的有效性。     

Development of the readout system for waveguide multilayer optical card

Waveguide multilayer optical card （WMOC） is a novel storage device of three-dimensional optical information. An advanced readout system fitting for the WMOC is introduced in this paper. The hardware mainly consists of the light source for reading, WMOC, motorized stages addressing unit, microscope imaging unit, CCD detecting unit and PC controlling ＆ processing unit. The movement of the precision motorized stage is controlled by the computer through Visual Basic （VB） language in software. A control panel is also designed to get the layer address and the page address through which the position of the motorized stages can be changed. The WMOC readout system is easy to manage and the readout result is directly displayed on computer monitor.     

Nanoimprint Lithography -A Next Generation High Volume Lithography Technique

IntroductionNanoimprint Lithography is a well-acknowl-edged low cost, high resolution, large area pattern-ing process. It includes the most promising methods,high-pressure hot embossing lithography (HEL) [2],UV-cured imprinting (UV-NIL) [3] and micro contactprinting (m-CP, MCP) [4]. Curing of the imprintedstructures is either done by subsequent UV-lightexposure in the case of UV-NIL or by cooling downbelow the glass transition temperature of the ther-moplastic material in case of HEL…     

Collinear phase-matching study of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and Inp

The collinearly phase-matching condition of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and InP is theoretically studied. In collinear phase-matching, the optimum phase-matching wave hands of these two crystals are calculated. The optimum phase-matching wave bands in GaAs and lnP are 0.95-1.38μm and 0.7-0.96μm respectively. The influence of the wavelength choice of the pump wave on the coherent length in THz-wave tuning is also discussed. The influence of the temperature alteration on the phase-matching and the temperature tuning properties in GaAs crystal are calculated and analyzed. It can serve for the following experiments as a theoretical evidence and a reference as well.     

Effects of the alloy compositions on the phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals

Composition dependence of bulk and surface phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals are studied in the framework of the modified random-element-isodisplacement model and the Bom-Huang approximation. The numerical results for Several Ⅱ - Ⅵ and Ⅲ- Ⅴ compound systems are performed, and the polariton frequencies as functions of the compositions for ternary mixed crystals AlxGa1-xAs, GaPxAS1-x, ZnSxSe1-x, GaAsxSb1-x, GaxIn1-xP, and ZnxCd1-xS as examples are given and discussed. The results show that the dependence of the energies of two branches of bulk phonon-polaritons which have phonon-like characteristics, and surface phonon-polaritons on the compositions of ternary mixed crystals are nonlinear and different from those of the corresponding binary systems.     

Influence of PVK ： NPB hole transporting layer on the characteristics of organic light-emitting devices

A doping system consisting of NPB and PVK is employed as a composite hole transporting layer （CHTL）. By adjusting the component ratio of the doping system, a series of devices with different concentration proportion of PVK ： NPB are constracted. The result shows that doping concentration of NPB enhances the competence of hole transporting ability, and modifies the recombination region of charge as well as affects the surface morphology of doped film. Optimum device with a maximum brightness of 7852 cd/m^2 and a power efficiency of 1.75 lm/W has been obtained by choosing a concentration proportion of PVK ： NPB at 1：3.     

New insert layer structure OLEDs

An insert layer structure organic electroluminescent device（OLED） based on a new luminescent material （Zn（salen）） is fabricated. The configuration of the device is ITO/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1. Effective insert electrode layers comprising LiF（1nm）/Al（5 nm） are used as a single semitransparent mirror, and bilayer cathode LiF（1 nm）/A1（100 nm） is used as a reflecting mirror. The two mirrors form a Fabry-Perot microcavity and two emissive units. The maximum brightness and luminous efficiency reach 674 cd/m^2 and 2.652 cd/A, respectively, which are 2.1 and 3.7 times higher than the conventional device, respectively. The superior brightness and luminous efficiency over conventional single-unit devices are attributed to microcavity effect.     

Analysis of error performance on Turbo coded FDPIM

Due to variable symbol length of digital pulse interval modulation（DPIM）, it is difficult to analyze the error performances of Turbo coded DPIM. To solve this problem, a fixed-length digital pulse interval modulation（FDPIM） method is provided. The FDPIM modulation structure is introduced. The packet error rates of uncoded FDPIM are analyzed and compared with that of DPIM. Bit error rates of Turbo coded FDPIM are simulated based on three kinds of analytical models under weak turbulence channel. The results show that packet error rate of uncoded FDPIM is inferior to that of uncoded DPIM. However, FDPIM is easy to be implemented and easy to be combined, with Turbo code for soft-decision because of its fixed length. Besides, the introduction of Turbo code in this modulation can decrease the average power about 10 dBm, which means that it can improve the error performance of the system effectively.     

A method for calculating the center position of collimated light

It is a key problem to accurately calculate beam spots＇ center of measuring the warp by using a collimated laser. A new method, named double geometrical center method （DGCM）, is put forward for the first time. In this method, a plane wave perpendicularly irradiates an aperture stop, and a charge couple device （CCD） is employed to receive the diffraction-beam spots, then the geometrical centers of the fast and the second diffraction-beam spots are calculated respectively, and their mean value is regarded as the center of datum beam. In face of such adverse instances as laser intension distributing defectively, part of the image being saturated, this method can still work well. What＇s more, this method can detect whether an unacceptable error exits in the courses of image receiving, processing and calculating. The experimental results indicate the precision of this method is high.     

Preparation and Characterization of TaN ALD Precursors

High purity organic-tantalum precursors for thin film ALD TaN were synthesized and characterized.Vapor pressure and thermal stability of these precursors were studied.From the vapor pressure analysis,it was found that TBTEMT has a higher vapor pressure than any other published liquid TaN precursor,including TBTDET,TAITMATA,and IPTDET.Thermal stability of the alkyl groups on the precursors was investigated using a 1H NMR technique.The results indicated that the tertbutylimino group is the most stable group on TBTDET and TBTEMT as compared to the dialkylamido groups.Thermal stability of TaN precursors decreased in the following order:TBTDET ＞ PDMAT ＞ TBTEMT.In conclusion,precursor vapor pressure and thermal stability were tuned by making slight variations in the ligand sphere around the metal center.     

Curved crystal spectrometer for the measurement of X-ray lines from laser-produced plasmas

In order to diagnose the laser-produced plasmas, a focusing curved crystal spectrometer has been developed for measuring the X-ray lines radiated from a laser-produced plasmas. The design is based on the fact that the ray emitted from a source located at one focus of an ellipse will converge on the other focus by the reflection of the elliptical surface. The focal length and the eccentricity of the ellipse are 1350 mm and 0.9586, respectively. The spectrometer can be used to measure the X- ray lines in the wavelength range of 0.2-0.37 nm, and a LiF crystal （200） （2d = 0.4027 nm） is used as dispersive element covering Bragg angle from 30° to 67.5°. The spectrometer was tested on Shengnang- Ⅱ which can deliver laser energy of 60-80 J/pulse and the laser wavelength is 0.35 μm. Photographs of spectra including the 1 s2p ^1P1-1s^2 ^1S0 resonance line（w）, the 1s2p ^3P2-1s^2 1S0 magnetic quadrupole line（x）, the 1s2p ^3P1-1 s^2 ^1S0 intercombination lines（y）, the 1 s2p ^3S~1-1 s^2 ^1S0 forbidden line（z） in helium-like Ti Ⅹ Ⅺ and the 1 s2s2p ^2P3/2-1 s622s ^2S1/2 line（q） in lithium-like Ti Ⅹ Ⅹhave been recorded with a X-ray CCD camera. The experimental result shows that the wavelength resolution（λ/△ 2） is above 1000 and the elliptical crystal spectrometer is suitable for X-ray spectroscopy.