基于压电材料的引线键合微夹持器设计

引线微夹持器是IC/LED键合系统的关键模块.该文综合采用压电智能材料与柔性联接的组合结构,设计了键合系统的引线微夹持器.利用有限元法,计算了微夹持器的振动模态与静力特性,获得了系统的固有频率、振动模态及电信号驱动下的支臂端部张开量.在实验上,通过高速摄像系统的跟踪实验,捕获了系统支臂端部的运动行为,获得了系统张开量与驱动电压的关系;并用激光非接触测量技术,获得系统端部的振动特性.该文计算与实验均为引线微夹持器的可靠性应用提供基础.     

仿生超疏水表面在微夹持器钳口端面的应用研究

微夹持器是微操作系统的重要组成部分。作为微操作系统末端执行器,微夹持器钳口端面在工作过程中容易出现磨损、吸附杂质、结冰或结霜等问题,而且目前微夹持器大多是一体化加工而成,整体更换将造成资源浪费。本文设计了一种可拆卸式微夹持器,利用中心波长为1064 nm的纳秒激光器,在执行操作的钳口端面上加工出粗糙的微纳结构,使用无毒害的硬脂酸溶液浸泡改性,获得仿生超疏水表面。通过电化学实验,测试了仿生超疏水表面在酸、盐和碱环境中的耐腐蚀性能,通过自清洁、抗结冰和抗菌实验测试了该表面的防污、防冻和防菌性能。实验结果表明：仿生超疏水表面能够有效抵抗酸、盐和碱环境中的腐蚀,具有良好的防腐性能;有效防止灰尘、水滴和细菌等杂质粘附于钳口端面,保证钳口端面的清洁与卫生;在低温环境中,有效防止端面结霜或结冰,使微夹持器能够在恶劣环境中正常工作。     

两级位移放大微夹持器的研究

微夹持器是完成微操作、微装配作业任务的重要工具,其体积、质量、张合量、微夹持力等是微夹持器设计过程中的重要指标。利用压电陶瓷作为微驱动元件设计了一种具有两级位移放大的微夹持器,并采用有限元软件对其进行张合量、微夹持力的分析。经实验测试,验证了所设计的微夹持器的合理性和实用性。     

一种集成三维微力传感器的微夹持器研制

微操作中力的检测与控制是实现无损伤操作的关键。因此,该文提出了一种以压阻检测技术为基础,集成三维微力传感器的微夹持器。传感器标定实验结果表明,该传感器具有耦合小,测量分辨率高,线性度好的优点。传感器量程为-10~ 10 mN,在x、y向的分辨率均为2.4μN,z向的分辨率为4.2μN。微夹持器采用压电陶瓷驱动两级柔性放大机构,实现张合量300μm,完成了微夹持实验。     

一维压电式微定位机构的设计研究

针对精密工作台高速、低精度的矛盾,以柔性铰链为导向元件、压电陶瓷为驱动器,研究、设计了一种一维高分辨率压电式微定位机构。由于精密工作台高速运动产生的运动惯量较大,欲实现亚微米级的定位精度是很困难的,因而在精密工作台运行到位后,由微定位机构对检测装置所检测出的定位误差进行补偿,以提高工作台的定位精度;由于压电陶瓷微位移器件输出位移过小,因此提出了一种单自由度对称式柔性铰链放大机构来提高微定位行程。给出了机构的动力学模型,并结合光栅尺检测装置,设计并研制了数字闭环定位控制系统,对微定位机构的定位特性进行了测试。实测结果表明,此微定位系统可实现高分辨率、长行程定位,定位分辨率达0.01μm。     

压电式微定位机构及其控制系统的研究

研究、设计了一种以柔性铰链为导向元件、压电陶瓷为驱动器的微定位机构，给出了机构的动力学模型。结合检测装置和微机控制系统，设计并研制了基于前馈控制同数字PID反馈控制相结合的复合控制的微定位系统。实验表明，微定位系统定位行程可达100μm，定位分辨力0．01μm。     

谐振式微光学陀螺仪谐振微腔的最新进展

基于Sagnac效应的谐振式微光学陀螺(Resonant Micro-Optical Gyros, RMOG)在集成化、小型化和灵敏度等方面具有巨大潜力,在微纳卫星姿态控制、机器人控制、医学诊断和检测仪器等领域中具有广阔的应用前景,成为近年来研究的热点。谐振微腔作为谐振式微光学陀螺的核心敏感元件,其光学特性与陀螺系统的性能息息相关,谐振腔的研究进展已经严重制约到谐振式微光学陀螺的发展,目前可以通过集成光学技术、微纳光学加工技术和新型材料的应用来减小谐振腔的重量和尺寸,降低成本和功耗,增加系统的可靠性和性能指标。结合期刊会议和相关研究机构披露的信息,简要介绍了谐振式微光学陀螺的发展现状、基本原理以及谐振微腔的特征参量,列举了近期国内外谐振微腔的各种新型结构设计并分析了不同结构的特点与潜力,此外还综述了近期国内外制作谐振微腔的新型材料并总结了不同材料的光学特性,初步探讨了谐振式微光学陀螺敏感单元谐振微腔的后续发展方向和技术发展途径。     

谐振式微加速度计杠杆机构的建模与优化

谐振式微机械加速度计的微尺寸质量块引起的惯性力很小，严重制约了加速度计灵敏度的提高，因此提出采用杠杆机构放大惯性力。由于硅基微杠杆机构的各部分均为刚性连接，且杠杆的输入、输出端有约束存在，制约了杠杆的自由转动，使惯性力不能高效放大。为此，设计了基于柔性支点的杠杆机构，建立了微杠杆机构的物理和数学模型，推导出杠杆机构各部分刚度的匹配原则。利用ISIGHT软件，采用遗传算法对结构参数进行了优化。     

谐振式微加速度计杠杆机构的建模与优化

谐振式微机械加速度计的微尺寸质量块引起的惯性力很小,严重制约了加速度计灵敏度的提高,因此提出采用杠杆机构放大惯性力。由于硅基微杠杆机构的各部分均为刚性连接,且杠杆的输入、输出端有约束存在,制约了杠杆的自由转动,使惯性力不能高效放大。为此,设计了基于柔性支点的杠杆机构,建立了微杠杆机构的物理和数学模型,推导出杠杆机构各部分刚度的匹配原则。利用ISIGHT软件,采用遗传算法对结构参数进行了优化。     

谐振式微加速度计杠杆机构的建模与优化

谐振式微机械加速度计的微尺寸质量块引起的惯性力很小,严重制约了加速度计灵敏度的提高,因此提出采用杠杆机构放大惯性力.由于硅基微杠杆机构的各部分均为刚性连接,且杠杆的输入、输出端有约束存在,制约了杠杆的自由转动,使惯性力不能高效放大.为此,设计了基于柔性支点的杠杆机构,建立了微杠杆机构的物理和数学模型,推导出杠杆机构各部分刚度的匹配原则.利用ISIGHT软件,采用遗传算法对结构参数进行了优化.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Curved crystal spectrometer for the measurement of X-ray lines from laser-produced plasmas

In order to diagnose the laser-produced plasmas, a focusing curved crystal spectrometer has been developed for measuring the X-ray lines radiated from a laser-produced plasmas. The design is based on the fact that the ray emitted from a source located at one focus of an ellipse will converge on the other focus by the reflection of the elliptical surface. The focal length and the eccentricity of the ellipse are 1350 mm and 0.9586, respectively. The spectrometer can be used to measure the X- ray lines in the wavelength range of 0.2-0.37 nm, and a LiF crystal （200） （2d = 0.4027 nm） is used as dispersive element covering Bragg angle from 30° to 67.5°. The spectrometer was tested on Shengnang- Ⅱ which can deliver laser energy of 60-80 J/pulse and the laser wavelength is 0.35 μm. Photographs of spectra including the 1 s2p ^1P1-1s^2 ^1S0 resonance line（w）, the 1s2p ^3P2-1s^2 1S0 magnetic quadrupole line（x）, the 1s2p ^3P1-1 s^2 ^1S0 intercombination lines（y）, the 1 s2p ^3S~1-1 s^2 ^1S0 forbidden line（z） in helium-like Ti Ⅹ Ⅺ and the 1 s2s2p ^2P3/2-1 s622s ^2S1/2 line（q） in lithium-like Ti Ⅹ Ⅹhave been recorded with a X-ray CCD camera. The experimental result shows that the wavelength resolution（λ/△ 2） is above 1000 and the elliptical crystal spectrometer is suitable for X-ray spectroscopy.     

Preparation and Characterization of TaN ALD Precursors

High purity organic-tantalum precursors for thin film ALD TaN were synthesized and characterized.Vapor pressure and thermal stability of these precursors were studied.From the vapor pressure analysis,it was found that TBTEMT has a higher vapor pressure than any other published liquid TaN precursor,including TBTDET,TAITMATA,and IPTDET.Thermal stability of the alkyl groups on the precursors was investigated using a 1H NMR technique.The results indicated that the tertbutylimino group is the most stable group on TBTDET and TBTEMT as compared to the dialkylamido groups.Thermal stability of TaN precursors decreased in the following order:TBTDET ＞ PDMAT ＞ TBTEMT.In conclusion,precursor vapor pressure and thermal stability were tuned by making slight variations in the ligand sphere around the metal center.     

Electronic Structure of Semiconductor Nanocrystals

This paper reviews our recent development of the use of the large-scale pseudopotential method to calculate the electronic structure of semiconductor nanocrystals, such as quantum dots and wires, which often contain tens of thousands of atoms. The calculated size-dependent exciton energies and absorption spectra of quantum dots and wires are in good agreement with experiments. We show that the electronic structure of a nanocrystal can be tuned not only by its size,but also by its shape. Finally,we show that defect properties in quantum dots can be significantly different from those in bulk semiconductors.     

Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers

A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it.     

Critical Stage Rule-Based Real Time Dispatch（RTD）System in Highly-Mixed-Products （HMP） FAB

An improving utilization and efficiency of critical equipments in semiconductor wafer fabrication facilities are concerned. Semiconductor manufacturing FAB is one of the most complicated and cost sensitive environments. A good dispatching tool will make big difference in equipment utilization and FAB output as a whole. The equipment in this paper is In-Line DUV Scanner. There are many factors impacting utilization and output on this equipment group. In HMP environment one of the issues is changing of reticule in this area and idle counts due to load unbalance between equipments. Here we'll introduce a rule-based RTD system which aiming at decreasing the number of recipe change and idle counts among a group of scanner equipment in a high-mixed-products FAB.     

Diode-end-pumped Nd:YVO4/LBO lasers with 4.2W continuous-wave output at 457 nm

A continuous-wave (CW) 457 nm blue laser operating at the power of 4.2 W is demonstrated by using a fiber coupled laser diode module pumped Nd: YVO4 and using LBO as the intra-cavity SHG crystal With the optimization of laser cavity and crystal parameters, the laser operates at a very high efficiency. When the pumping power is about 31 W, the output at 457nm reaches 4.2 W, and the optical to optical conversion efficiency is about 13.5% accordingly. The stability of the out putpower is better than 1.2% for 8 h continuously working.