基于小波变换的图像水印技术

提出一种基于小波变换的图像水印算法.针对如今低频嵌入水印图像质量差和高频嵌入水印抗攻击能力不强的情况,采用中频系数中嵌入水印的算法,实现了水印图像的理想透明性和良好稳健性的统一.实验表明,该算法可以抵抗一般的噪声攻击,具有较强的的稳健性.     

基于约瑟夫环和DCT系数的盲水印算法

提出了基于约瑟夫环和DCT系数的盲水印算法。该算法首先使用约瑟夫环对水印信息进行置乱,使水印不可见性及抗攻击能力增强,再利用DCT系数量化,及对量化值进行奇偶性检验,实现了水印的嵌入及提取。增加了水印容量,从而提高了算法的鲁棒性。结果表明,该算法对压缩、中值滤波、高斯噪声等攻击,具有很好的鲁棒性,并且安全性强。     

抗几何攻击的最低有效位数字水印算法

尽管最低有效位数字水印算法嵌入容量大,但抗几何攻击能力不足.通过分析几何攻击的原理,结合可视密码学和图像归一化技术,提出一种抗几何攻击的最低有效位数字水印算法.首先,利用可视密码学技术将水印隐藏到多幅图片中,同时仅选取一幅图片作为水印.然后对载体图像进行归一化,并以图像的几何中心作为中心提取重要区域.最后,依据重要区域的大小缩放水印,以增强水印与载体间的同步性,并从重要区域像素的低4位中随机选取嵌入位置通过异或运算嵌入水印.实验结果表明,算法具有良好的抗几何攻击能力.     

基于图像压缩量化系数的自适应水印算法

提出了一种基于图像压缩系数量化的自适应数字图像水印算法。该算法利用图像压缩中量化系数的特性,在其中嵌入水印。为增强水印的安全性用LFSR将置乱后的二值水印图像量化嵌入到载体图像的系数中,水印检测过程不需要原始图像的参与。实验结果表明,该算法不仅具有良好的不可见性,而且对常见攻击如JPEG压缩、噪声、滤波和几何攻击等具有较强的稳健性。     

一种基于彩色图像的双重水印算法

针对传统水印算法功能单一,抗几何攻击能力较弱的问题,提出了一种基于离散小波变换(DWT)、奇异值分解(SVD)、离散余弦变换(DCT)和HSV空间模型的彩色图像双重水印算法.该算法基本思想是在彩色载体图像中先后嵌入可见水印和不可见水印.根据HSV 空间模型和DCT变换实现二值可见水印自适应嵌入,用来标识版权;通过DWT和SVD变换实现不可见彩色水印的嵌入,用于加强版权保护,利用Zernike矩进行旋转校正.实验结果表明,该算法在保证图像质量的前提下,可见水印具有较好的视觉可见性,不可见水印的抗几何攻击能力得到了提升.双重水印相互作用,功能互补提高了水印的版权保护功能.     

基于SIFT特征点匹配校正的抗几何攻击水印算法

嵌入水印的数字产品在传播过程中可能遭受到各种攻击,其中几何攻击破坏了水印和图像空间坐标的同步性,很容易使得水印算法失效。因此,抗几何攻击的水印算法成为了数字水印技术研究的热点和难点。本文利用图像尺度不变特征变换(SIFT)特征点所具有的旋转、缩放和平移不变性,提出了一种几何校正方法,该方法根据SIFT特征点的尺度特征和坐标关系实现带水印图像的几何校正。水印嵌入时首先对宿主图像Contourlet变换的低频子带进行分块奇异值分解,然后通过对各块奇异值向量的欧式范数的量化,改变所有奇异值实现水印信息的嵌入。水印提取时先对图像进行相应的几何校正,使得水印信息在受攻击后也能得到同步,从而提高了水印图像的抗攻击能力。仿真结果表明,该算法不可见性良好,水印容量较大,而且对于常规攻击和多种几何攻击都具有较好的鲁棒性。     

一种基于DWT-SVD的彩色图像水印嵌入方法

为了进一步加强多媒体的信息安全和版权保护问题,文中基于离散小波变换和奇异值分解理论,提出将RGB三色通道的水印图像分别嵌入到载体RGB三色通道中,其特点是以彩色图像作为水印.实验结果表明,该算法水印具有不可见性好、嵌入信息量大、抗攻击能力强等特点.     

基于DCT的大容量二值水印嵌入新算法

传统的基于DCT变换的二值水印嵌入算法通常是在分块系数矩阵中选择一对中频系数实现1bit水印信息的嵌入,水印嵌入容量有限,为提高载体图像的安全性,提出了一种新的基于DCT的大容量二值水印嵌入算法.本算法首先对二值水印图像进行Arnold置乱加密处理,其次对所选取的载体图像进行分块DCT变换,然后选择4个中频系数进行排序,充分利用两两之间的3个差值关系实现水印的嵌入.若待嵌入水印位为0,通过改变系数值使得差值大于或等于阈值A,若待嵌入水印位为1,通过改变系数值使得差值等于阈值B,最终使得每块选择4个系数值实现了3bit二值水印信息的嵌入,水印嵌入容量大大优于传统方法.仿真实验表明,本算法实现了大容量水印的嵌入与提取且抵抗图像裁剪、图像加噪、JPEG压缩等攻击效果较好.     

基于奇异值的DWT域公开零水印技术

随着网络化程度的日益提高,数字水印技术迅速应用于网络信息交互的版权保护等方面.利用零水印不需要修改图像信息的优点,以及图像小波变换低频分量的稳健性的特点,提出一种新的基于矩阵奇异值性质来构造公开零水印的方法.实验证明,该方法解决了水印不可见性和鲁棒性之间的矛盾,水印提取无需原始图像,水印抑制互相关性好,抗攻击能力强.     

基于自适应图像块组合的无损图像认证算法

现有基于分块的无损图像认证算法在图像认证块划分方面存在不足。为此,提出一种基于自适应分块组合的无损图像认证算法。算法中的认证块由基本分块根据原图像特征和水印图像保真度要求自适应组合而成,认证信息用数字签名技术产生,以无损水印方式嵌入,同时以多次嵌入方式实现图像编号的顽健传送,利用图像编号和认证块编号防止矢量量化攻击。理论分析与实验结果表明该算法篡改定位能力强于现有无损图像认证算法,且适应性强,能抗矢量量化攻击。     

Technology innovation and process integrations for sub-100nm gate patterning

This paper presents a brief overview of the Applied Centura(R)DPS(R)system,configured with silicon etch DPS Ⅱ chamber, with emphasis on discussing tuning capability for CD uniformity control. It also presents the studies of etch process chemistry and film integration impact for an overall successful gate patterning development. Discussions will focus on resolutions to key issues, such as CD uniformity, line-edge roughness, and multilayer film etching integration.     

White organic light-emitting devices based on fac tris（2- phenylpyridine） iridium sensitized 5,6,11,12-tetraphenylnap -hthacene

We have fabricated the white organic light-emitting devices （WOLEDs） based on 4,4＇ -bis（2,2 -diphenyl vinyl）-1,1＇ - biphenyl （DPVBi） and phosphorescence sensitized 5,6,11,12,-tetraphenylnaphthacene （rubrene）. The device structure is ITO/2T-NATA （20 nm）/NPBX （20 nm）/CBP： x%Ir（ppy）3：0.5% rubrene （8 nm）/NPBX （5 nm）/DPVBi （30 nm）/Alq（30 nm）/LiF（0.5 nm）/A1. In the devices, DPVBi acts as a blue light-emitting layer, the rubrene is sensitized by a phosphorescent material, fac tris （2-phenylpyridine） iridium [Ir（ppy）3], acts as a yellow light-emitting layer, and N,N＇ -bis- （1-naphthyl）- N,N＇ -diphenyl -1, 1＇ -biphenyl-4,4＇ -diamine （NPBX） acts as a hole transporting and exciton blocker layer, respectively. When the concentration of Ir （PPY）3 is 6wt%, the maximum luminance is 24960 cd/m^2 at an applied voltage of 15 V, and the maximum luminous efficiency is 5.17 cd/A at an applied voltage of 8 V.     

Complete approach to automatic identification and subpixel center location for ellipse feature

To meet the need of automatic image features extraction with high precision in visual inspection, a complete approach to automatic identification and sub-pixel center location for similar-ellipse feature is proposed. In the method, the feature area is identified automatically based on the edge attribute, and the sub-pixel center location is accomplished with the leastsquare algorithm. It shows that the method is valid, practical, and has high precision by experiment. Meanwhile this method can meet the need of instrumentation of visual inspection because of easy realization and without man-machine interaction.     

小角度扩展相关性近似算法分析

本论文提出一种在多天线MIMO信道相关性建模中小角度扩展近似理论算法,并应用于分析MIMO系统性能。分析中分别对三种不同角能量分布情况下的空间相关性研发快速近似计算法,并同时提出双模(Bi-Modal)角能量分布情况下的近似运算。通过分析这些新方法的近似效率,可以得到计算简单、复杂度低、而且符合实际的MIMO相关信道矩阵,对系统级的快速高效计算法的研究和系统级的评估以及误差分析具有重要的意义。     

Curved crystal spectrometer for the measurement of X-ray lines from laser-produced plasmas

In order to diagnose the laser-produced plasmas, a focusing curved crystal spectrometer has been developed for measuring the X-ray lines radiated from a laser-produced plasmas. The design is based on the fact that the ray emitted from a source located at one focus of an ellipse will converge on the other focus by the reflection of the elliptical surface. The focal length and the eccentricity of the ellipse are 1350 mm and 0.9586, respectively. The spectrometer can be used to measure the X- ray lines in the wavelength range of 0.2-0.37 nm, and a LiF crystal （200） （2d = 0.4027 nm） is used as dispersive element covering Bragg angle from 30° to 67.5°. The spectrometer was tested on Shengnang- Ⅱ which can deliver laser energy of 60-80 J/pulse and the laser wavelength is 0.35 μm. Photographs of spectra including the 1 s2p ^1P1-1s^2 ^1S0 resonance line（w）, the 1s2p ^3P2-1s^2 1S0 magnetic quadrupole line（x）, the 1s2p ^3P1-1 s^2 ^1S0 intercombination lines（y）, the 1 s2p ^3S~1-1 s^2 ^1S0 forbidden line（z） in helium-like Ti Ⅹ Ⅺ and the 1 s2s2p ^2P3/2-1 s622s ^2S1/2 line（q） in lithium-like Ti Ⅹ Ⅹhave been recorded with a X-ray CCD camera. The experimental result shows that the wavelength resolution（λ/△ 2） is above 1000 and the elliptical crystal spectrometer is suitable for X-ray spectroscopy.     

Preparation and Characterization of TaN ALD Precursors

High purity organic-tantalum precursors for thin film ALD TaN were synthesized and characterized.Vapor pressure and thermal stability of these precursors were studied.From the vapor pressure analysis,it was found that TBTEMT has a higher vapor pressure than any other published liquid TaN precursor,including TBTDET,TAITMATA,and IPTDET.Thermal stability of the alkyl groups on the precursors was investigated using a 1H NMR technique.The results indicated that the tertbutylimino group is the most stable group on TBTDET and TBTEMT as compared to the dialkylamido groups.Thermal stability of TaN precursors decreased in the following order:TBTDET ＞ PDMAT ＞ TBTEMT.In conclusion,precursor vapor pressure and thermal stability were tuned by making slight variations in the ligand sphere around the metal center.     

A Versatile Mixed-Signal Pin Approach for Cost-Effective Test of Automotive ICs

Integrated circuits (ICs) intended for increasingly sophisticated automotive applications bring unique test demands. Advanced ICs for applications such as highly integrated automatic braking system (ABS) and airbag controllers combine high voltage digital channels, significant VI demands and precise timing capability. Along with continued missioncritical reliability concerns, the trend toward higher voltage operation and increased device integration requires specialized test capabilities able to extend across the wide operating ranges found in automotive applications. Among these capabilities, automotive test requirements increasingly dictate a need for a cost-effective versatile mixed-signal pin electronics with very high data rates reaching up to 50MHz with a voltage swing of-2 V to +28 V.     

Electronic Structure of Semiconductor Nanocrystals

This paper reviews our recent development of the use of the large-scale pseudopotential method to calculate the electronic structure of semiconductor nanocrystals, such as quantum dots and wires, which often contain tens of thousands of atoms. The calculated size-dependent exciton energies and absorption spectra of quantum dots and wires are in good agreement with experiments. We show that the electronic structure of a nanocrystal can be tuned not only by its size,but also by its shape. Finally,we show that defect properties in quantum dots can be significantly different from those in bulk semiconductors.     

Critical Stage Rule-Based Real Time Dispatch（RTD）System in Highly-Mixed-Products （HMP） FAB

An improving utilization and efficiency of critical equipments in semiconductor wafer fabrication facilities are concerned. Semiconductor manufacturing FAB is one of the most complicated and cost sensitive environments. A good dispatching tool will make big difference in equipment utilization and FAB output as a whole. The equipment in this paper is In-Line DUV Scanner. There are many factors impacting utilization and output on this equipment group. In HMP environment one of the issues is changing of reticule in this area and idle counts due to load unbalance between equipments. Here we'll introduce a rule-based RTD system which aiming at decreasing the number of recipe change and idle counts among a group of scanner equipment in a high-mixed-products FAB.     

Optical vibration and deviation measurement of rotating machine parts

It is of interest to get appropriate information about the dynamic behaviour of rotating machinery parts in service. This paper presents an approach of optical vibration and deviation measurement of such parts. Essential of this method is an image derotator combined with a high speed camera or a laser doppler vibrometer （LDV）.