基于LK光流和网格运动统计的图像匹配改进算法

针对AKAZE算法在玻璃封装电连接器图像匹配中准确率低及耗时长的问题,文中提出了基于LK光流和网格运动统计的图像匹配改进算法。首先采用AKAZE算法提取玻璃封装电连接器特征点,运用M-LDB描述子进行特征描述。然后利用LK光流法计算匹配区域进行条件约束,从而得到匹配点,并通过FLANN算法进行特征匹配。最后将玻璃封装电连接器图像划分为多个网格,计算FLANN匹配好的特征点邻域的正确匹配个数和阈值并剔除误匹配点。文中实验采用公开数据集和玻璃封装电连接器数据,从实时性和准确性两方面对算法性能进行验证分析。结果表明,改进的算法在处理模糊、亮度及旋转变化的玻璃封装电连接器图像对时,其匹配准确率均达到93%以上,耗时为0.4 s内,证明了算法的有效性。     

基于四旋翼飞行器的改进金字塔LK光流算法的研究

针对四旋翼飞行器在飞行过程的水平漂移问题,提出利用改进的金字塔LK光流算法予以改善.首先,通过VisualStudio2013仿真,确知改进的金字塔LK光流算法比传统金字塔LK光流算法对图像的速度信息提取精度更高.然后,再建立四旋翼飞行器的动力学模型,将两种光流算法导入MATLAB的仿真模型中,得出:四旋翼飞行器能有效根据改进的金字塔LK光流算法获得速度信息以降低水平漂移.最后,通过在轴距为430 mm的四旋翼飞行器的平台上进行飞行试验,结果表明:采用改进的金字塔LK光流算法能使四旋翼飞行器的水平漂移程度降低,可实现较为稳定的悬停.     

基于LK和FAST的时间序列图像快速配准算法

LK光流算法是一种精确高效的特征跟踪算法,能够较大幅度提高图像配准的精度和速度。针对时间序列图像的配准问题,基于LK光流算法,通过基于图像金字塔的方式跟踪改进后的FAST特征角点,采用一种鲁棒的单应矩阵估计算法解算配准参数,提出了一种基于LK光流和改进FAST特征的实时鲁棒配准算法。通过一组时间序列图像从配准精度和配准速度两个方面对所提出算法的性能进行了验证分析,平均重投影误差为0.16,平均处理速度为30 Hz。实验结果表明,该算法能够提取稳定的FAST角点,快速准确地跟踪匹配序列图像之间的特征,较好地解决时间序列图像的实时配准问题。     

基于Harris角点的KLT跟踪红外图像配准的硬件实现

提出了一种基于Harris角点的KLT跟踪图像配准算法用于解决红外搜索跟踪系统中红外图像配准问题。该算法首先对红外序列图像进行Harris角点检测,选取合适的角点作为跟踪点,对跟踪点进行KLT跟踪,通过KLT算法计算出序列图像间的位移量,从而实现红外图像配准。整个算法在DE2-115系统平台上实现,采用CycloneIV系列的FPGA,在Quartus13.0软件上利用Vhdl编写和调试Harris角点检测、KLT跟踪以及匹配程序。最后结论表明,该算法能满足红外图像配准的精度和稳定性,并且FPGA在图像处理中可以提供更高的运算速度,更能满足图像配准的实时性要求。     

基于帧间差分和金字塔LK光流法的运动目标检测

针对用于运动目标检测的光流算法存在处理复杂、计算量大等问题,提出一种帧间差分算法和金字塔LK光流法相结合的运动目标检测方案.该方法先对视频图像进行帧间差分处理,得到图像的运动区域,再对该运动区域进行金字塔LK光流计算,减少了计算区域,提高目标检测的速度.最后在搭建的视觉避障平台上使用LabVIEW语言进行算法程序验证,实验结果证明了算法的有效性.     

基于改进ORB的图像特征匹配算法研究

针对ORB算法特征匹配精度低的缺陷,结合金字塔光流特性,提出一种优化ORB特征匹配的方法。首先,采用区域分块法对待匹配图像进行处理,挑选出最佳匹配子块,缩小无效匹配区域;接着,对子块提取ORB关键字并计算匹配描述子得到粗匹配点对,采用金字塔光流法追踪ORB特征点,求解特征点的运动位移矢量,以此剔除粗匹配部分错误的匹配对;最后,采用随机采样一致算法进一步剔除冗余匹配点,获取更为精准的匹配对。实验结果表明,本文优化的ORB算法可以很好地满足实时性和精度的要求,特征匹配的平均耗时为原ORB算法的87%左右,且平均匹配率达98%以上。     

融合特征光流与角点特征的图像特征匹配算法研究

图像特征匹配是视觉里程计的重要环节,针对视觉图像序列特征点匹配中存在的匹配精度低问题,提出一种融合金字塔特征光流与角点特征的精确快速图像特征匹配算法。算法首先利用ORB(二进制定向简单描述符)算法快速提取图像特征点,然后融合金字塔Lucas-Kanade特征光流的追踪特性,使用局部特征窗口计算图像特征点位移矢量。接着针对图像特征的匹配对齐问题以及特征丢失问题,算法采用K最近邻半径搜索作为特征滤波器移除混淆的匹配,最后使用RANSAC(Random Sample Consensus)算法剔除冗余误匹配点对,提高匹配率。通过多组实验数据对比,该算法的图像特征匹配率可达到98%。对比传统的ORB特征匹配算法,该算法在实时性和图像特征匹配精度上均有显著提高。     

较大尺度运动下的人体特征点跟踪算法研究

利用光流法可以对视频中运动目标进行特征点跟踪,当目标存在较大尺度运动时,光流法图像一致性假设难以满足,导致特征点跟踪丢失。针对此问题,提出了一种基于Lucas-Kanade(L-K)金字塔光流算法的运动人体特征点跟踪方法。首先,利用帧间差分法得到帧差图像序列,获取行人的运动区域;然后用尺度不变特征变换（SIFT）算法检测选定初始帧中的特征点;最后运用L-K金字塔光流算法跟踪这些特征点在后续帧中的位置。实验结果表明,该算法对较大尺度运动的特征点跟踪有很好的效果,提高了跟踪的准确性。      

LK光流法的多信息融合目标跟踪算法研究

针对改善动态目标物体跟踪过程中特征点选取的准确性及实时性问题,提出一种基于LK光流法的多信息融合目标跟踪方法并设计相关算法。将Sift提取出的特征点作为初始特征点,结合Harris角点检测函数R值,通过设定阈值,从中选取出具有高对比度的特征点作为目标特征点,对其进行光流法跟踪;然后引入在线学习检测器,使得在跟踪器跟踪失败之后可以更新目标位置,以实现稳定、准确跟踪。实验的结果从动态目标识别所需时间、特征点的数量、交并比以及每秒处理的帧数几个方面进行比较分析,证明所提算法能够实现准确跟踪,且实时性强。     

基于惯性传感器和Kinect摄像机的OFCM图像匹配算法

提出了一种基于图像三维信息及摄像机运动参数的图像匹配算法,用于解决智能监控系统中图像匹配实时性差、鲁棒性低等问题。该算法分别利用惯性传感器和Kinect摄像机估计出摄像机的运动外参矩阵和图像的深度信息,再根据射影几何原理,结合当前帧图像的像素坐标计算出该像素点在下帧图像的像素坐标,从而完成图像匹配。利用该算法对实际采集的图像序列进行了分析与处理,并从配准精度、鲁棒性和实时性方面与经典匹配算法KLT进行对比。实验结果表明:该算法极大地降低了计算量和计算时间,不仅能满足智能监控系统对图像匹配精度和稳定性的要求,更能满足系统实时性的要求。     

Preparation and Characterization of TaN ALD Precursors

High purity organic-tantalum precursors for thin film ALD TaN were synthesized and characterized.Vapor pressure and thermal stability of these precursors were studied.From the vapor pressure analysis,it was found that TBTEMT has a higher vapor pressure than any other published liquid TaN precursor,including TBTDET,TAITMATA,and IPTDET.Thermal stability of the alkyl groups on the precursors was investigated using a 1H NMR technique.The results indicated that the tertbutylimino group is the most stable group on TBTDET and TBTEMT as compared to the dialkylamido groups.Thermal stability of TaN precursors decreased in the following order:TBTDET ＞ PDMAT ＞ TBTEMT.In conclusion,precursor vapor pressure and thermal stability were tuned by making slight variations in the ligand sphere around the metal center.     

Curved crystal spectrometer for the measurement of X-ray lines from laser-produced plasmas

In order to diagnose the laser-produced plasmas, a focusing curved crystal spectrometer has been developed for measuring the X-ray lines radiated from a laser-produced plasmas. The design is based on the fact that the ray emitted from a source located at one focus of an ellipse will converge on the other focus by the reflection of the elliptical surface. The focal length and the eccentricity of the ellipse are 1350 mm and 0.9586, respectively. The spectrometer can be used to measure the X- ray lines in the wavelength range of 0.2-0.37 nm, and a LiF crystal （200） （2d = 0.4027 nm） is used as dispersive element covering Bragg angle from 30° to 67.5°. The spectrometer was tested on Shengnang- Ⅱ which can deliver laser energy of 60-80 J/pulse and the laser wavelength is 0.35 μm. Photographs of spectra including the 1 s2p ^1P1-1s^2 ^1S0 resonance line（w）, the 1s2p ^3P2-1s^2 1S0 magnetic quadrupole line（x）, the 1s2p ^3P1-1 s^2 ^1S0 intercombination lines（y）, the 1 s2p ^3S~1-1 s^2 ^1S0 forbidden line（z） in helium-like Ti Ⅹ Ⅺ and the 1 s2s2p ^2P3/2-1 s622s ^2S1/2 line（q） in lithium-like Ti Ⅹ Ⅹhave been recorded with a X-ray CCD camera. The experimental result shows that the wavelength resolution（λ/△ 2） is above 1000 and the elliptical crystal spectrometer is suitable for X-ray spectroscopy.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Electronic Structure of Semiconductor Nanocrystals

This paper reviews our recent development of the use of the large-scale pseudopotential method to calculate the electronic structure of semiconductor nanocrystals, such as quantum dots and wires, which often contain tens of thousands of atoms. The calculated size-dependent exciton energies and absorption spectra of quantum dots and wires are in good agreement with experiments. We show that the electronic structure of a nanocrystal can be tuned not only by its size,but also by its shape. Finally,we show that defect properties in quantum dots can be significantly different from those in bulk semiconductors.     

Critical Stage Rule-Based Real Time Dispatch（RTD）System in Highly-Mixed-Products （HMP） FAB

An improving utilization and efficiency of critical equipments in semiconductor wafer fabrication facilities are concerned. Semiconductor manufacturing FAB is one of the most complicated and cost sensitive environments. A good dispatching tool will make big difference in equipment utilization and FAB output as a whole. The equipment in this paper is In-Line DUV Scanner. There are many factors impacting utilization and output on this equipment group. In HMP environment one of the issues is changing of reticule in this area and idle counts due to load unbalance between equipments. Here we'll introduce a rule-based RTD system which aiming at decreasing the number of recipe change and idle counts among a group of scanner equipment in a high-mixed-products FAB.     

GaAsSb/InAlAs PA DHBTs Grown by Production MBE

The epi material growth of GaAsSb based DHBTs with InAlAs emitters are investigated using a 4 × 100mm multi-wafer production Riber 49 MBE reactor fully equipped with real-time in-situ sensors including an absorption band edge spectroscope and an optical-based flux monitor. The state-of-the-art hole mobilities are obtained from 100nm thick carbon-doped GaAsSb. A Sb composition variation of less than ± 0.1 atomic percent across a 4 × 100mm platen configuration has been achieved. The large area InAlAs/GaAsSb/InP DHBT device demonstrates excellent DC characteristics,such as BVCEO＞6V and a DC current gain of 45 at 1kA/cm2 for an emitter size of 50μm × 50μm. The devices have a 40nm thick GaAsSb base with p-doping of 4. 5 × 1019cm-3 . Devices with an emitter size of 4μm × 30μm have a current gain variation less than 2% across the fully processed 100mm wafer. ft and fmax are over 50GHz,with a power efficiency of 50% ,which are comparable to standard power GaAs HBT results. These results demonstrate the potential application of GaAsSb/InP DHBT for power amplifiers and the feasibility of multi-wafer MBE for mass production of GaAsSb-based HBTs.     

Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers

A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it.