空间相机离轴三反红外光学系统设计

针对空间光学系统长焦距、大视场、小型化、轻量化、大相对孔径、高成像质量的特点和发展趋势,通过对非球面反射式光学系统设计模型及其理论参数的研究分析,在共轴三反射式光学系统的基础上,提出了一种离轴三反射式红外光学系统的设计方法。利用ZEMAX求解并优化,设计一个焦距f=1000 mm,视场角为4,D/f=1/4的反射式离轴光学系统。使该系统在50 lp/mm空间频率处传函达到0.3以上,接近衍射极限,全视场弥散斑控制在10 m以内,满足空间照相机的需要。该系统克服了共轴三反存在中心遮挡的问题,提高了系统的像质。     

成像光谱仪离轴三反望远系统的光学设计

视场宽、结构紧凑、体积小、质量轻是空间光学成像系统设计研究的热点.在共轴三反镜系统的几何光学成像理论基础上.从离轴三反望远系统的方案选择、初始结构计算、三级像差的校正及光学系统的优化4个方面,研究了成像光谱仪用宽视场、大相对孔径离轴三反消像散望远系统的设计问题,设计出一个光谱范围1.0～2.5μm、焦距f'=300 mm、相对孔径厂f'/4、视场角6.8°×0.1°的离轴三反望远系统,系统非球面最高次数为4次,总长约为f'/2,对于空间频率30 lp/mm处,调制传递函数值均大于0.8.     

轻小型大视场自由曲面离轴光学系统设计

随着空间技术的不断发展,高性能、低成本的轻小型空间光学系统成为空间光学领域一个新的研究热点。离轴三反光学系统具有成像质量高、大视场、轻量化程度高等特点,能够更好地适应轻小型、低成本空间光学系统的应用要求,具有广泛的应用前景。以高斯光学和三反消像差理论为基础,设计了一款第三反射镜为自由曲面的离轴三反光学系统,焦距1 550 mm,视场3.60.45,相对孔径1:6.2,自由曲面的加入极大地提高了系统设计自由度和成像质量。设计结果表明,在有效视场内系统成像质量良好,fMTF优于0.43@111 lp/mm,系统最大波像差为0.049 （=632.8 nm）,平均波像差RMS值为0.034 ,最大网格畸变0.9%,成像质量相对于子午面完全对称。系统的总长小于f'/3.1,高度小于f'/4.1,且系统的加工和装配公差较为宽松,易于实现。该设计结果对轻小型空间光学系统的设计具有一定的参考价值。     

大视场、长焦距离轴三反射镜光学系统的设计

离轴三反光学系统具有高分辨率、大视场、长焦距、质量轻、小体积等特点，满足空间对地遥感、空间摄影等领域的要求。介绍了离轴三反射镜光学系统的设计原理。用ZEMAX软件设计了一个三个反射面均是二次曲面、焦距为2 000 mm、F数为9的离轴三反射镜系统。结果表明，该系统可达到7°×3°视场，对于空间频率50 lp/ mm，调制传递函数值均大于0.5。     

大视场可见红外一体化光学系统设计

使用光学设计软件设计了一种大视场可见红外一体化反射式光学系统,可见光和红外视场的大小分别为5.2和5.12。在光学系统的轨道高度为675 km的情况下,可对地面目标进行61.3 km和60.36 km的大幅宽观测。在光学系统采用偏视场设计将可见光和红外光的视场进行分离,可以实现双光路、双波段、双视场同时成像观测,避免了使用分光装置对光能量吸收造成损失,提高了光能利用率。可见光系统选用一个焦距为9 000 mm的三反系统,红外光学系统选用两个三反系统,后置三反系统的入瞳与前置三反系统的出瞳位置重合,系统总焦距为2 025 mm。经过优化,可见光系统的MTF在50 lp/mm达到0.45以上,红外系统的MTF在25 lp/mm达到0.65以上,成像质量均达到衍射极限。     

成像光谱仪的离轴反射式光学系统设计

高分辨率成像光谱仪要求光学系统在宽视场和宽波段范围内具有高的空间分辨率和光谱分辨率。根据同轴三反光学系统初级像差理论计算初始结构,并分别将孔径光阑置于主镜、次镜和三镜焦点,通过光阑和视场离轴,设计了无中心遮拦的离轴反射式光学系统。其光谱范围为1.0~2.5 m,焦距f=1 600 mm,相对孔径为1/ 5,视场角为6.861.48,满足成像光谱仪宽视场、大相对孔径离轴三反消象散光学系统的设计指标。     

用于高光谱成像仪的大视场离轴三反系统设计

大视场、高分辨力星载高光谱成像仪已成为空间遥感的迫切需求,要求其望远系统在宽视场内具有高空间分辨力。在共轴三反系统的几何光学成像理论基础上,研究了用于高光谱成像仪的大视场离轴三反消像散(TMA)望远系统的设计问题,编制了初始结构计算程序,采用视场离轴方式,设计了一个波段范围0.4～2.5μm、焦距360 mm、相对孔径1:4、线视场11.42°的离轴三反望远系统,其主镜为6次非球面,次镜和三镜为二次曲面,考虑到市售探测器的限制,提出了视场分离的分光方法,在离轴三反系统的焦平面附近加一个刀口反射镜实现视场分离。在奈奎斯特空间频率28 lp/mm处,调制传递函数大于0.75,成像质量接近衍射极限。     

大视场离轴三反光学系统设计

与传统折射光学系统相比,离轴反射光学系统具有小体积、轻量化和无色差等特点,因此被广泛应用于望远镜系统和空间观测系统等领域。随着目前自由曲面的广泛应用,首先分析了离轴三反光学系统的初始结构参数确定方法,然后在系统的主反射镜设计中引入Zernike边缘矢高形式的自由曲面,最终设计了一款有效焦距为700 mm,视场角为10°,F/#为4.5,系统总长为597.58 mm的离轴三反光学系统。该系统在71.4 lp/mm处各视场的调制传递函数(MTF)值均大于0.28,畸变均小于0.1%,结果表明,该系统在有效视场内成像质量较好。该系统的设计方法对类似的离轴三反光学系统设计具有一定的参考价值。     

大线视场大相对口径红外成像系统的光学设计

在同轴三反射光学系统基础上,采用视场离轴方式,设计了一个在地球同步轨道上对地观测的空间离轴三反射光学系统.该系统同时具有大线视场和大相对口径的特点,设计结果表明,成像质量达到了衍射极限.     

新型大视场无遮拦三反光学系统设计

针对传统形式三反光学系统难以实现大视场的缺点,提出了一种基于反摄远结构的三反光学系统,并获得初始结构参数求解方程。在反摄远结构三反光学系统中,将主、次镜组成反转伽利略望远镜结构形式,以便简化三反光学系统初始参数的求解方程,最终通过视场偏置的办法实现无遮拦设计。基于上述方法,采用光学设计软件Code V设计了焦距f=100 mm,F数为5,视场为2020。像质评价结果表明,系统在空间频率为50 lp/mm处的MTF值均大于0.6,像质优良。与其他三反光学系统相比,该系统不仅具有大视场,而且仅使用了两块非球面反射镜,降低了系统成本。     

Technology innovation and process integrations for sub-100nm gate patterning

This paper presents a brief overview of the Applied Centura(R)DPS(R)system,configured with silicon etch DPS Ⅱ chamber, with emphasis on discussing tuning capability for CD uniformity control. It also presents the studies of etch process chemistry and film integration impact for an overall successful gate patterning development. Discussions will focus on resolutions to key issues, such as CD uniformity, line-edge roughness, and multilayer film etching integration.     

White organic light-emitting devices based on fac tris（2- phenylpyridine） iridium sensitized 5,6,11,12-tetraphenylnap -hthacene

We have fabricated the white organic light-emitting devices （WOLEDs） based on 4,4＇ -bis（2,2 -diphenyl vinyl）-1,1＇ - biphenyl （DPVBi） and phosphorescence sensitized 5,6,11,12,-tetraphenylnaphthacene （rubrene）. The device structure is ITO/2T-NATA （20 nm）/NPBX （20 nm）/CBP： x%Ir（ppy）3：0.5% rubrene （8 nm）/NPBX （5 nm）/DPVBi （30 nm）/Alq（30 nm）/LiF（0.5 nm）/A1. In the devices, DPVBi acts as a blue light-emitting layer, the rubrene is sensitized by a phosphorescent material, fac tris （2-phenylpyridine） iridium [Ir（ppy）3], acts as a yellow light-emitting layer, and N,N＇ -bis- （1-naphthyl）- N,N＇ -diphenyl -1, 1＇ -biphenyl-4,4＇ -diamine （NPBX） acts as a hole transporting and exciton blocker layer, respectively. When the concentration of Ir （PPY）3 is 6wt%, the maximum luminance is 24960 cd/m^2 at an applied voltage of 15 V, and the maximum luminous efficiency is 5.17 cd/A at an applied voltage of 8 V.     

Complete approach to automatic identification and subpixel center location for ellipse feature

To meet the need of automatic image features extraction with high precision in visual inspection, a complete approach to automatic identification and sub-pixel center location for similar-ellipse feature is proposed. In the method, the feature area is identified automatically based on the edge attribute, and the sub-pixel center location is accomplished with the leastsquare algorithm. It shows that the method is valid, practical, and has high precision by experiment. Meanwhile this method can meet the need of instrumentation of visual inspection because of easy realization and without man-machine interaction.     

小角度扩展相关性近似算法分析

本论文提出一种在多天线MIMO信道相关性建模中小角度扩展近似理论算法,并应用于分析MIMO系统性能。分析中分别对三种不同角能量分布情况下的空间相关性研发快速近似计算法,并同时提出双模(Bi-Modal)角能量分布情况下的近似运算。通过分析这些新方法的近似效率,可以得到计算简单、复杂度低、而且符合实际的MIMO相关信道矩阵,对系统级的快速高效计算法的研究和系统级的评估以及误差分析具有重要的意义。     

A Versatile Mixed-Signal Pin Approach for Cost-Effective Test of Automotive ICs

Integrated circuits (ICs) intended for increasingly sophisticated automotive applications bring unique test demands. Advanced ICs for applications such as highly integrated automatic braking system (ABS) and airbag controllers combine high voltage digital channels, significant VI demands and precise timing capability. Along with continued missioncritical reliability concerns, the trend toward higher voltage operation and increased device integration requires specialized test capabilities able to extend across the wide operating ranges found in automotive applications. Among these capabilities, automotive test requirements increasingly dictate a need for a cost-effective versatile mixed-signal pin electronics with very high data rates reaching up to 50MHz with a voltage swing of-2 V to +28 V.     

Optical vibration and deviation measurement of rotating machine parts

It is of interest to get appropriate information about the dynamic behaviour of rotating machinery parts in service. This paper presents an approach of optical vibration and deviation measurement of such parts. Essential of this method is an image derotator combined with a high speed camera or a laser doppler vibrometer （LDV）.     

INTEGRATION OF OPTICAL AND WIRELESS NETWORKS

正For a long time,optical and wireless systems/net-works are developed in separate communities witha few attempts for in-depth convergence.In fact,it prom-ises many advantages to combine the optical and wire-less technologies in the levels of systems and networks.Recently,both academia and industry have made manyefforts to enter a new phase of development to take op-tical and wireless systems as fully integrated networks.To provide high bandwidth and reliable service for bothfixed and mobile users,a well-designed network must     

社长序言（英文）

正Happy New Year!As we step into a new year,we take a look back at the key feature topics covered in China Communications over the past 12 months and set out our expecta-     

云计算专题（英文）

正Cloud computing is a novel computing paradigm that utilizes remote cloud resources to achieve a high-performance computation.Cloud provides infrastructure,platform and software as different on-demand services.China has made remarkable progress in cloudbased products and operating system technology.The government,enterprises and research institutions are all active in the development of cloud computing-related projects.Despite the progress,many important problems     

Call for Papers—Feature Topic,Vol.12,No.3,2015

正Smart Grid Communications The electric power industry is undergoing profound changes as the industry aims to capture the promise of a smart grid for a sustainable energy future.Enabled by the advanced sensing devices such as Phasor Measurement Units(PMUs),increasingly powerful