基于单模光纤偏芯结构的光纤折射率传感器研究

基于迈克尔逊(Michelson)干涉仪(MI)原理,结合光纤传感器的特性,设计和实现了一种单模光纤(SMF)偏芯干涉仪结构光纤折射率传感器,并针对蔗糖溶液进行了折射率的测量。实验结果表明:这种传感器的传感范围在1.33～1.39时,特征波长与外界折射率有单调的递减变化关系,蔗糖折射率每变化0.01时,特征波长平均变化约为0.12nm。这种传感器结构简单,灵敏度较高,能够实现液体折射率与浓度变化的在线检测。     

基于熊猫光纤的高灵敏度温度传感器北大核心CSCD

本实验基于模间干涉原理制作了由熊猫型保偏光纤(Panda polarization maintaining fiber,PMF)构成的马赫-曾德尔干涉仪(Mach-Zehnder interferometer,MZI)传感器。该传感器由于大孔径多模光纤(large aperture multimode fiber,MMF)的耦合作用,对温度表现出很高的灵敏性。当外界物理量温度变化时,传感器透射谱发生漂移,通过观察特征峰的漂移与温度变化的关系,得到传感器温度响应特性。实验数据显示,该单模-多模-熊猫-单模光纤干涉仪结构的两个特征峰波长对温度线性响应,且灵敏度为-123.80 pm/℃和-195.20 pm/℃。该传感器温度实验的重复性和稳定性效果均很好,能实现对温度的有效测量。     

基于单模异芯光纤结构的液位传感器

提出了一种新颖的光纤液位传感器。在普通单模光纤(SMF)中间熔接一段细芯单模光纤(TCSMF),构成共轴光纤马赫曾德尔干涉仪(MZI)。液位的变化引起包层模与芯模的相位差发生改变,从而导致干涉仪的透射光谱发生改变。对传感器的工作原理和测量灵敏度及精度进行了理论分析,实验结果显示透射光谱中特征峰波长漂移量跟液位变化量呈较好的线性关系,且灵敏度随待测液体折射率的增大而增高,与理论分析结果相一致。测量得到纯水和饱和氯化钠溶液的测量灵敏度分别为0.160 nm/mm和0.228 nm/mm。该传感器采用全光纤结构,制备简单、测量精度高,可适用于折射率低于光纤包层折射率液体的高精度液位测量。     

微纳光纤的制备及其光学特性研究

在微纳光纤的制作中,制作方法和相关参数的选择与控制是影响其光学传输特性的重要因素。该文基于单模光纤,理论模拟并实验分析了熔融拉锥法和氢氟酸(HF)腐蚀法在制备微纳光纤（MNF）过程中的相关参数与传输光学特性变化规律。研究表明,在制备MNF过程中,直径从20 μm减小到0时,传输功率损耗达97%,受耦合损耗和环境折射率变化的影响,理论损耗值与实验结果虽存在一定差异,但变化规律保持一致。通过OptiFDTD软件模拟,指出倏逝场深度随着光纤直径的减小而增大,且与损耗存在非线性关系,当输入光波波长与光纤的直径相比拟时,能量几乎全部集中在光纤的表面,此时外界环境变化对光纤内光波导响应灵敏度提高,微纳光纤的这种特性在传感领域具有潜在的应用市场。     

光纤倏逝波吸收传感器灵敏度模拟分析

基于光波导模式理论,结合光纤倏逝波吸收原理,分析了本征型单模光纤倏逝波的传输特性及功率传输情况,导出了光纤倏逝波吸收传感器的灵敏度公式。结合灵敏度公式分析了传感器的几何参数、溶液折射率及入射波长与灵敏度的关系,运用时域有限光束传播法（FD BMP）进行模拟。模拟结果表明,光纤传感区纤芯越长越细,外界溶液折射率越小,入射波长越短,其归一化输出功率越小,传感器灵敏度越高,这与理论计算和文献实验结果一致,为光纤倏逝波吸收传感器的研究提供了参考。     

一种基于LPFG高灵敏度浓度传感器

利用Sagnac光纤环全反射的特性和单根长周期光纤光栅(LPFG)构成Michelson干涉仪,入射光经LPFG后,部分被耦合到包层中传输,经过包层和纤芯传输的光信号经Sagnac光纤环全反射后重新耦合回LPFG,在光栅区域干涉。利用传输矩阵理论分析了干涉结构的光谱特性。用此干涉结构检测了蔗糖溶液浓度,传感灵敏度可达0.065 nmLg-1。     

基于光子晶体光纤M-Z干涉仪的折射率传感器研究

研制了一种通过手工熔接方法在两段单模光纤（SMF）间焊接一段实芯光子晶体光纤（PCF）而形成的Mach-Zehnder干涉仪（MZI）传感器,研究了传感器传输光谱与外界折射率的关系。实验结果表明,这种MZI传感器的中心波长随着外界折射率的增加向长波方向漂移,在1.340-1.384的折射率变化范围内,干涉长为3.2cm...     

基于多模细锥级联的MZI液体折射率传感器

基于Mach-Zehnder干涉仪原理,结合光纤熔锥技术,设计并制作了一种结构为细锥-多模-细锥的液体折射率传感器。光经第一个多模细锥节点时,将在后面的多模光纤的纤芯和包层中激发出纤芯模和包层模,不同的模式有不同的模式折射率;再经中间多模光纤部分传输时,不同模式光之间将产生光程差;最后在第二个多模细锥节点处耦合而干涉。对该传感器输出干涉光谱中干涉谷波长随外界溶液折射率变化的规律进行了理论分析和实验研究。实验结果表明,溶液折射率变化范围为1.379~1.402时,干涉谱中1 566.68 nm附近的干涉谷波长与溶液折射率有单调递增的变化关系,对应的灵敏度为783 nm/RIU。该传感器制作简单、结构紧凑、成本低、灵敏度高,在生物医学领域有较好的应用前景。     

LPFG与无芯光纤级联的折射率与温度同时测量传感器

为了满足工业生产与科学研究对折射率与温度同 时测量的需求,一款新型光纤传感器被设计了。传 感器是利用无芯光纤(no-core fiber,NCF)与长周期光纤光栅(long period fiber grating,LPFG)级联构成,其中NCF对折射率比 较敏感,LPFG 对温度较敏感。实验选择传感器透射谱谐振峰波谷Dip 3(由NCF激发)和Dip 4(由LPFG 激发)来进行环境 温度与折射率测量。实验发现Dip 3和Dip 4的中心波长随温度变化有很好的线性关系,温度灵敏度分别 为9.46 pm/℃和19.88 pm/℃。当环境折射率 在1.33范围变化时,Dip 3的中心波长 与折射率之间存 在极好的线性关系,折射率灵敏度为102.80 nm/RIU,而Dip 4的中心 波长对折射率变化不敏感。利用Dip 3与Dip 4的温度和折射率灵敏度构建灵敏度测量矩阵,实现了折射率和温度的同时测量,消 除了交叉敏感。 设计的传感器结构简单、折射率灵敏度高、成本低、结构重复性好,能够满足工程实际的 需求。     

基于F—P干涉波长的溶液浓度测量方法研究

根据溶液浓度与其折射率的关系和光纤F—P干涉仪透射光谱中心波长与干涉仪腔内介质折射率之间的关系，利用其透射光谱的中心波长进行透明溶液浓度的精确测量，消除了光源强度波动对测量结果影响和量化误差。对一组不同浓度的酒精溶液进行了测量实验，浓度测量绝对误差小于0．02％。     

Development of the readout system for waveguide multilayer optical card

Waveguide multilayer optical card （WMOC） is a novel storage device of three-dimensional optical information. An advanced readout system fitting for the WMOC is introduced in this paper. The hardware mainly consists of the light source for reading, WMOC, motorized stages addressing unit, microscope imaging unit, CCD detecting unit and PC controlling ＆ processing unit. The movement of the precision motorized stage is controlled by the computer through Visual Basic （VB） language in software. A control panel is also designed to get the layer address and the page address through which the position of the motorized stages can be changed. The WMOC readout system is easy to manage and the readout result is directly displayed on computer monitor.     

Nanoimprint Lithography -A Next Generation High Volume Lithography Technique

IntroductionNanoimprint Lithography is a well-acknowl-edged low cost, high resolution, large area pattern-ing process. It includes the most promising methods,high-pressure hot embossing lithography (HEL) [2],UV-cured imprinting (UV-NIL) [3] and micro contactprinting (m-CP, MCP) [4]. Curing of the imprintedstructures is either done by subsequent UV-lightexposure in the case of UV-NIL or by cooling downbelow the glass transition temperature of the ther-moplastic material in case of HEL…     

Collinear phase-matching study of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and Inp

The collinearly phase-matching condition of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and InP is theoretically studied. In collinear phase-matching, the optimum phase-matching wave hands of these two crystals are calculated. The optimum phase-matching wave bands in GaAs and lnP are 0.95-1.38μm and 0.7-0.96μm respectively. The influence of the wavelength choice of the pump wave on the coherent length in THz-wave tuning is also discussed. The influence of the temperature alteration on the phase-matching and the temperature tuning properties in GaAs crystal are calculated and analyzed. It can serve for the following experiments as a theoretical evidence and a reference as well.     

Effects of the alloy compositions on the phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals

Composition dependence of bulk and surface phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals are studied in the framework of the modified random-element-isodisplacement model and the Bom-Huang approximation. The numerical results for Several Ⅱ - Ⅵ and Ⅲ- Ⅴ compound systems are performed, and the polariton frequencies as functions of the compositions for ternary mixed crystals AlxGa1-xAs, GaPxAS1-x, ZnSxSe1-x, GaAsxSb1-x, GaxIn1-xP, and ZnxCd1-xS as examples are given and discussed. The results show that the dependence of the energies of two branches of bulk phonon-polaritons which have phonon-like characteristics, and surface phonon-polaritons on the compositions of ternary mixed crystals are nonlinear and different from those of the corresponding binary systems.     

Influence of PVK ： NPB hole transporting layer on the characteristics of organic light-emitting devices

A doping system consisting of NPB and PVK is employed as a composite hole transporting layer （CHTL）. By adjusting the component ratio of the doping system, a series of devices with different concentration proportion of PVK ： NPB are constracted. The result shows that doping concentration of NPB enhances the competence of hole transporting ability, and modifies the recombination region of charge as well as affects the surface morphology of doped film. Optimum device with a maximum brightness of 7852 cd/m^2 and a power efficiency of 1.75 lm/W has been obtained by choosing a concentration proportion of PVK ： NPB at 1：3.     

New insert layer structure OLEDs

An insert layer structure organic electroluminescent device（OLED） based on a new luminescent material （Zn（salen）） is fabricated. The configuration of the device is ITO/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1. Effective insert electrode layers comprising LiF（1nm）/Al（5 nm） are used as a single semitransparent mirror, and bilayer cathode LiF（1 nm）/A1（100 nm） is used as a reflecting mirror. The two mirrors form a Fabry-Perot microcavity and two emissive units. The maximum brightness and luminous efficiency reach 674 cd/m^2 and 2.652 cd/A, respectively, which are 2.1 and 3.7 times higher than the conventional device, respectively. The superior brightness and luminous efficiency over conventional single-unit devices are attributed to microcavity effect.     

Analysis of error performance on Turbo coded FDPIM

Due to variable symbol length of digital pulse interval modulation（DPIM）, it is difficult to analyze the error performances of Turbo coded DPIM. To solve this problem, a fixed-length digital pulse interval modulation（FDPIM） method is provided. The FDPIM modulation structure is introduced. The packet error rates of uncoded FDPIM are analyzed and compared with that of DPIM. Bit error rates of Turbo coded FDPIM are simulated based on three kinds of analytical models under weak turbulence channel. The results show that packet error rate of uncoded FDPIM is inferior to that of uncoded DPIM. However, FDPIM is easy to be implemented and easy to be combined, with Turbo code for soft-decision because of its fixed length. Besides, the introduction of Turbo code in this modulation can decrease the average power about 10 dBm, which means that it can improve the error performance of the system effectively.     

A method for calculating the center position of collimated light

It is a key problem to accurately calculate beam spots＇ center of measuring the warp by using a collimated laser. A new method, named double geometrical center method （DGCM）, is put forward for the first time. In this method, a plane wave perpendicularly irradiates an aperture stop, and a charge couple device （CCD） is employed to receive the diffraction-beam spots, then the geometrical centers of the fast and the second diffraction-beam spots are calculated respectively, and their mean value is regarded as the center of datum beam. In face of such adverse instances as laser intension distributing defectively, part of the image being saturated, this method can still work well. What＇s more, this method can detect whether an unacceptable error exits in the courses of image receiving, processing and calculating. The experimental results indicate the precision of this method is high.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.