退火工艺对Cu基体中Al_2O_3-Ce协同效应的抑制

采用高能球磨、结合放电等离子烧结(SPS)的方法制备Al_2O_3和Ce协同增强Cu基复合材料。研究了不同退火温度和时间对Cu-Al_2O_3和Cu-Al_2O_3-Ce复合材料微观组织、Al_2O_3弥散颗粒分布、复合材料硬度和电导率的影响。结果表明:Cu基体中Al_2O_3和Ce具有明显的协同作用,具体表现为Cu基复合材料的硬度和电导率都显著提高。扫描电镜(SEM)分析结果表明Al_2O_3和Ce协同效应的机制为Ce的加入优化了Al_2O_3的分布,减弱了Al_2O_3的团聚。在退火过程中Ce明显抑制了Al_2O_3的团聚。退火温度的升高会导致Al_2O_3颗粒尺寸增加。在固定的退火时间下,通过拟合Al_2O_3颗粒的平均尺寸与退火温度的关系,发现二者近似符合阿伦尼乌斯关系。由于较大的Al_2O_3颗粒对弥散强化和自由电子传播都有不利影响,高于400℃退火会显著抑制Al_2O_3和Ce的协同效应,降低复合材料的硬度和电导率。400℃下退火2 h以上会降低复合材料的电导率和硬度,但是不显著影响Al_2O_3和Ce协同效应。Cu-0.5%Al_2O_3-0.02%Ce复合材料的最佳热处理温度为400℃下退火1~3 h。     

碳纳米管和氧化铝颗粒协同增强铜基复合材料的制备与性能研究

本文首先利用碱式高锰酸钾对纯化后的CNTs进行改性处理,然后用分子水平法制得前驱体CNTs/Cu复合粉末,最后用内氧化方法,结合放电等离子烧结获得CNTs、Al_2O_3/Cu复合材料。结果表明:CNTs、Al_2O_3/Cu复合材料的维氏硬度(136)和抗拉强度(226 MPa)均优于两个增强相单独作用的铜基材料;材料的断后伸长率超过纯铜(40.1%),达到43.6%,表现出非常好的塑性;CNTs和Al_2O_3两个增强相对铜基材料导电率起到了协同增强作用,达到了1+12的效果。     

机械合金化结合放电等离子烧结制备高软化温度Al_2O_3/Cu复合材料

Al_2O_3/Cu复合材料的软化温度是材料耐热性能的重要指标。本实验采用机械合金化法和放电等离子烧结法制备不同组分的Al_2O_3/Cu复合材料,并对Al_2O_3/Cu复合材料进行不同温度梯度的加热保温试验,探讨了Al_2O_3含量及其分散性对材料本身软化温度的影响,得到了性能优异的Al_2O_3/Cu复合材料,其软化温度区间为700~750℃,其导电率为74%IACS,硬度为142 HV。     

纳米AlN颗粒弥散增强铜基复合材料的制备及性能研究

本文采用高能球磨结合放电等离子烧结法制备了含不同质量分数AlN的AlN/Cu复合材料。研究了AlN质量分数对AlN/Cu复合材料微观形貌、相对密度、显微维氏硬度、拉伸强度、延伸率及导电性能的影响。结果表明:当AlN质量分数1.0%时,随着AlN质量分数的提高,复合材料的硬度、抗拉强度提高,断后伸长率、电导率降低。但当AlN质量分数为1.0%时,AlN/Cu复合材料相对密度为97.8%,显微硬度和抗拉强度分别达到了HV 119.5和259.7 MPa,电导率为49.30 mS·m~(-1),综合性能达到最优。     

超细WC/纳米Al_2O_3弥散强化铜基复合材料粉末制备及其压制特性

试验研究了超细WC-纳米Al_2O_3弥散强化Cu基复合材料粉末的机械球磨制备工艺。采用XRD、SEM、EDS等表征手段,研究了机械球磨过程WC/Al_2O_3/Cu粉末形貌、强化相WC与Al_2O_3分布形态、Cu基体晶粒尺寸的变化规律。通过室温压制试验,研究了所制备粉末的压制特性。结果表明:在球磨转速300 r/min、球料比10:1(质量比)的条件下,经过100 min球磨,可获得WC、Al_2O_3颗粒均匀分布的Cu基复合材料粉末,Cu基体晶粒尺寸细化到约0.4μm。机械球磨WC/Al_2O_3/Cu复合材料粉末具有较好的压制成形性,其压制特性可用黄培云双对数压制方程描述。     

拉拔形变率对Al_2O_3颗粒增强Cu基复合材料组织和硬度的影响

研究了拉拔形变率对Al_2O_3颗粒增强Cu基复合材料组织和硬度演变规律的影响。结果表明:基体中弥散分布着高体积分数的球状纳米级Al_2O_3强化相粒子,尺寸为30~60 nm;经拉拔处理后组织形变量增加,晶粒中生成了位错缠结界面以及带状组织。随着拉拔形变率增加,平行于拉拔方向的晶粒发生明显拉长,晶粒的长宽比也明显增大。Al_2O_3颗粒增强Cu基复合材料在拉拔过程中会产生加工硬化现象,基体中产生大量位错,弥散态Al_2O_3强化相颗粒会对这些位错产生显著钉扎效果,进而抑制了基体位错的运动。     

Al_2O_3含量对铜基粉末冶金摩擦材料摩擦磨损性能的影响

采用粉末冶金方法制备铜基摩擦材料,研究Al_2O_3的添加量对材料的摩擦磨损性能的影响。结果表明:Al_2O_3对材料摩擦磨损性能的影响与摩擦速度密切相关;随着Al_2O_3含量增加,材料的摩擦因数提高,密度降低,硬度增加,磨损量先减小后增大,Al_2O_3质量分数为9%时,复合材料的摩擦因数较高且稳定,磨损量最小。不含Al2O3的材料摩擦表面出现大量凹坑,磨损严重,随着Al_2O_3含量提高,凹坑数量减少,弥散分布的Al_2O_3粒子能强化基体表面强度,从而导致材料磨损量降低。     

机械合金化制备(Al_2O_3+Gr)/Cu复合材料的性能

采用机械合金化制备Al2O3、Gr(石墨)双相强化Cu基复合材料((Al2O3+Gr)/Cu),研究球磨时间对复合材料组织与性能的影响。结果表明:球磨时间为9 h时,细长条状的Gr和纳米Al2O3颗粒弥散分布在Cu基体中,(Al2O3+Gr)/Cu复合材料具有最佳的综合性能,相对密度、硬度、导电率、摩擦系数和体积磨损率分别为95.3%、142 HV、39.8%IACS、0.15和1.4×10-3mm3/m;球磨时间对(Al2O3+Gr)/Cu复合材料的摩擦系数影响较小,体积磨损率则随着球磨时间的延长先增大后减小,与Al2O3/Cu复合材料相比,(Al2O3+Gr)/Cu复合材料具有优良的减磨耐磨性能。     

共沉淀反应条件与分散剂对Cu-Al_2O_3粉末性能的影响

以酸碱含铜刻蚀废液为原料,聚乙烯醇(PVA)为分散剂,并采用添加可溶性铝盐络合共沉淀的方法制备了含铝铜的前驱体粉末,最终采用高温煅烧-氢气还原工艺制备了纳米Al_2O_3弥散强化铜粉末。采用激光粒度仪、SEM-EDS、XRD等研究了络合共沉淀过程中工艺参数对弥散铜粉末及Al_2O_3弥散相粒度的影响。结果表明:通过控制络合共沉淀过程中的反应条件,可制备出粒度小于1.5μm且分布较窄的纳米Al_2O_3弥散强化铜粉末,最佳工艺参数为:母液浓度1.0 mol/L,沉淀氨水浓度20%(体积分数),反应温度70℃,p H值为7;调节分散剂的含量可控制弥散相的粒度及分布,PVA与铜离子的物质的量比为0.4∶1.0时,制备出的纳米Al_2O_3弥散相粒度小于100 nm,粒子间距100~200 nm;粉末经氢气烧结950℃保温60 min,烧结试样的密度为8.45 g/cm~3,硬度为115 HB。     

添加剂对Ag/TiB2复合材料组织与性能的影响

研究了微量添加剂WO3对Ag/TiB2复合材料组织和性能的影响,采用扫描电子显微镜对Ag/TiB2复合材料的组织进行了表征,对硬度和电导率进行了测试.结果表明,WO3改善了复合材料的烧结性能和TiB2在Ag基体上的分布.与未添加Ag/TiB2复合材料相比,添加1.0%(质量分数)WO3后,Ag/TiB2复合材料的密度、硬度和电导率分别提高了8.0%、10.0%和47.0%,而且材料的塑性有所改善.     

Acceleration of Electricity Reform Brings Benefit to Big Electricity Users,Aluminum Manufacturers Can Save Costs Up to Several Hundred Million

<正>Recently the National Commission of Development and Reform again assembled experts to solicit opinions,and discussed new electricity reform program.According to information disclosed by experts attending the meeting,in the future electricity reform will undergo top-down design,possibly a     

Qinghai's Aluminum Processing Capacity to Rise at the End of the Year

正Since the release of Implementation Opinions on Carrying out‘Guiding Opinions of the State Council on Resolving Serious Production Overcapacity Conflicts’,according to the actual situation of industry,Qinghai has focused on electrolytic aluminum,cement,ironsteel(including iron alloy and silicon carbide),     

Recent Trends in China's Copper Scrap Market-Part Ⅱ

<正>2.Tianjin Scrap Metal Market In Tianjin,we mainly visited Jinghai Ziy Town scrap market and Binhai New Area’some copper scrap enterprises and enterprise using copper scrap.In Ziya we felt the coppe scrap market was particularly deserted,mos copper scrap enterprises in the town wer closed,industry insiders said in 2012 the plac here was bustling with activity.According to     

Shanghai Clearing House to Roll out Renminbi-denominated Copper Clearing Operations in Free Trade Zone

正Clearing House Financial Markets Co.,Ltd.(Shanghai Clearing House)General Manager Xie Zhong told the media recently at the briefing of the international symposium of"Reform Deepening and Mechanism Innovation of the Post-crisis Kerb Market",Shanghai Clearing House will explore the feasibility of carrying out bond business in     

Development and Application of New Materials for Copper Processing in China

正After over 60 years of developmnt,a system for RD and production of copper processing materials has already taken shape in China.After the reform and opening-up,the application of copper processing materials has gradually expanded from the military industry to civil field.The annual output of copper     

China’s Mineral Exploration Market Downturn Causes Decline of Investment in Bauxite

<正>According to a survey report conducted recently by China Geological Survey Development Research Center,in the first half of 2014,China’s mineral exploration market continued to decline,with the investment in exploration of non-fuel minerals dropping by13.7%and drilling workload dropping by21.7%.According to statistical analysis of the Center,     

Fabricated Copper Production by Province or City in 2014

正~~     

Zinc Production by Province in 2014

正~~     

China's Aluminum Alloy Cable Market has Taken Shape

正Aluminum alloy cable is a mature product and technology that has been used for nearly fifty years in the U.S.Through six years’promotion,it has been widely recognized and accepted in the China market since 2013,which laid the foundation for the development of the aluminum alloy cable market.Aluminum alloy cable is widely applied in the fields of civil construction and industrial and mining enterprises,especially in real estate,steel and metallurgy.     

Qinghai to Build a 100 Billion Yuan Lithium Industry Base

正At 2014 China Qinghai Trade Fair for Green Development Investment,Qinghai EV Rally2014 was introduced for the first time.With electrical vehicles’eco-friendly features,Qinghai manifested its determination on green development.Introducing Qinghai EV Rally was just a signal.By leveraging its rich salt lake resources