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该文合成了4种不同烷基取代的二烯丙基甲基季铵盐单体。以二烯丙基甲基胺(DAM)和不同碳链的1-溴代直链烷为原料,合成了4种二烯丙基甲基烷基(C3、C5、C7、C9)季铵盐,考察了反应时间、反应温度、原料摩尔比及溶剂种类对产物收率的影响,用IR、1HNMR和13CNMR对产物结构进行了表征。结果表明,丙酮是合适的溶剂,较佳反应时间为54~72 h,反应温度为50~55℃,DAM与溴代烷的摩尔比为1∶1.1,产物收率分别为78.18%、82.54%、84.63%和81.32%,产物具有预期结构,并在极性溶剂中溶解性较好,其熔点随烷基链长度的增加而降低。上述工作为相应聚合物的制备、机理和应用研究提供基础。 相似文献
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《日用化学工业》2015,(8)
以二烯丙基甲胺(DAM)和不同碳链的1-溴代烷为主要原料,合成了4种二烯丙基甲基烷基(n=4,6,8,10)溴化铵(分别标记为C4,C6,C8和C10),用IR,1HNMR和元素分析对产物结构进行了表征,并通过测定其表面活性、水溶性和絮凝性能,考察产物结构对其性能的影响。结果表明:C4~C10较佳的合成工艺条件为以丙酮为溶剂,DAM与1-溴代烷的摩尔比为1∶1.1,反应时间为64~72 h,反应温度为50~60℃,所得产物的收率分别为86.16%,78.02%,75.46%和68.10%。结构表征表明合成的产物为目标产物。性能测定表明随烷基链长度的增加,二烯丙基甲基烷基溴化铵的临界胶束浓度和相应的表面张力依次减小,分别为3.2×10-2,2.1×10-2,1.7×10-2和9.0×10-3mol/L以及40.3,38.5,34.3和33.1 m N/m;水溶性好,Krafft点均小于0℃;对高岭土和硅藻土絮凝能力的强弱次序为C10C8C6C4。 相似文献
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以Na2SO3和甲基丙烯氯为原料合成了甲代烯丙基磺酸钠,研究了反应温度、反应时间、反应物摩尔比等因素对结果的影响。确定了合成目标产物的最佳反应条件为:甲基丙烯氯0.5mol,Na2SO3与甲基丙烯氯的摩尔比为1.05~1.10∶1,甲基丙烯氯滴加到Na2SO3溶液中,65°C下反应90min,在此最佳反应条件下,产品收率超过74%。 相似文献
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在四甲基哌啶基氧(TEMPO)存在下,以脱氢枞胺(DHA)为原料,经Eschweiler-Clarke反应得到N,N-二甲基脱氢枞胺(DMDHA)后,再于乙腈溶剂中与氯丙烯进行季铵化反应合成了烯丙基二甲基脱氢枞基氯化铵(ADMDHAC);用FT IR、1 H NMR和13 C NMR表征了产物结构,两相滴定法测定了产物中ADMDHAC含量,正交试验法优化了ADMDHAC合成条件,表面张力法测定了产物的临界胶束浓度(CMC)。结果表明,ADMDHAC最佳合成条件为:反应温度65℃,TEMPO用量为DMDHA质量的1.25%,DMDHA与氯丙烯摩尔比为1∶1.6,反应时间为144h;此条件下产物收率为51.11%,产物中ADMDHAC含量为97.87%;临界胶束浓度为2.0mmol/L。 相似文献
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以甲基丙烯醛和无水醋酐为原料及强酸性阳离子交换树脂为催化剂合成了2.甲基烯丙基二乙酸酯,考察了催化剂用量、物料配比、反应温度及反应时间对反应的影响。确定了适宜的反应工艺条件:n(醋酐)/n(甲基丙烯醛)为1,2;强酸性阳离子交换树脂用量以甲基丙烯醛的用量(mol)为基准,2.0g/mol;反应时间5h,反应温度-10℃。在此条件下,甲基丙烯醛转化率为95.5%,2.甲基烯丙基二乙酸酯选择性和收率分别为95.7%和91.4%。并对产物进行了红外光谱表征,产物的红外谱图和标准谱图基本吻合。 相似文献
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乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)是十分重要的化工中间体,其下游产品较多。江苏某化工厂开发生产乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品三十多个,年生产规模三万多吨,是国内以乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)为中间体生产精细化学品的综合骨干企业。针对乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品废水特点,该厂结合企业实际,开展了产品优化,结构调整,清洁生产,资源循环利用,节水降耗等工作,从源头削减了污染物的生产。同时投资二千多万元新建预处理装置三套,6000m3/d废水生化处理装置一套,使全厂乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品的废水得到了有效的治理。 相似文献
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我厂3号回转窑(Φ4m×60m)生产线在1996年年底由SP窑(产量912t/d)改为NSP窑(产量1320t/d),预分解系统为四级旋风预热器带离线式分解炉 相似文献
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The objective of the study was to explore the effect of the degree of deacetylation (DD) of the chitosan used on the degradation rate and rate constant during ultrasonic degradation. Chitin was extracted from red shrimp process waste. Four different DD chitosans were prepared from chitin by alkali deacetylation. Those chitosans were degraded by ultrasonic radiation to different molecular weights. Changes of the molecular weight were determined by light scattering, and data of molecular weight changes were used to calculate the degradation rate and rate constant. The results were as follows: The molecular weight of chitosans decreased with an increasing ultrasonication time. The curves of the molecular weight versus the ultrasonication time were broken at 1‐h treatment. The degradation rate and rate constant of sonolysis decreased with an increasing ultrasonication time. This may be because the chances of being attacked by the cavitation energy increased with an increasing molecular weight species and may be because smaller molecular weight species have shorter relaxation times and, thus, can alleviate the sonication stress easier. However, the degradation rate and rate constant of sonolysis increased with an increasing DD of the chitosan used. This may be because the flexibilitier molecules of higher DD chitosans are more susceptible to the shear force of elongation flow generated by the cavitation field or due to the bond energy difference of acetamido and β‐1,4‐glucoside linkage or hydrogen bonds. Breakage of the β‐1,4‐glucoside linkage will result in lower molecular weight and an increasing reaction rate and rate constant. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 90: 3526–3531, 2003 相似文献
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Conclusions It is significant that the purification on a single passage of viscose through porous ceramic corresponds to the result of a two-stage filtration of it in industrial filter-presses with standard fillings.Kiev Combine. Kiev Technological Institute of Light Industry. Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 3, pp. 20–22, May–June, 1969. 相似文献
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利用组件技术开发化工原理实验课件,给出了系统层、组件库层和应用层的架构划分。重点讨论了组件库的设计,给出了流体阻力这一典型实验的实现描述。实践证实,基于组件技术可以提高仿真实验的开发效率。 相似文献