基于最优小波包基的模极大值法信号消噪研究

给出了对信号进行基于熵准则的最优小波包基分解的基本原理,在此基础上提出了使用模极大值法进行信号消噪的基本原理.通过计算Lip指数确定信号中的奇异点,然后根据噪声和有用信号的模极大值随着小波分解尺度的增大而呈现出的截然不同的特性剔除噪声,从而实现消噪.通过对一含有噪声的信号进行消噪验证了该方法的优越性.     

基于小波变换的血压信号特征提取方法研究

该文针对传统的人体血压信号特征提取方法的不足，提出了一种了基于小波变换的人体血压信号特征量提取方法。人体的血压信号是一种非平稳的低频信号，使用Marr小波对人体血压信号进行小波变换的时间一尺度分解，可以得到人体血压信号的模极大值曲线；通过选择合适的分解尺度，可以有效地滤除噪声，对人体血压数据进行消噪处理；进一步滤除奇异性极大值点，可以提取出动脉波动位置和动脉波动幅度信息。文中给出了算法的完整实现，并利用实际采集的人体血压数据验证了该算法，得到了波峰模极大值点和心脏跳动所发生的精确时刻，为人体血压信号的参数识别奠定了基础。     

多层导电结构缺陷电涡流扫描检测信号预处理技术研究

应用小波多分辨分解及重构技术和小波包分析技术进行检测信号预处理(噪声和干扰信号分离与去除)的基本原理,结合电涡流扫描检测实验,采用离散小波变换强制消噪法、软阈值消噪法和不同熵准则的小波包分析消噪法对检测信号进行预处理,并以SNR和RMSE为判断消噪效果好坏的标准,进行了效果的比较和优选.从理论分析和实验研究结果可知,分离提离等干扰信号,可采用强制法;消除高频噪声,采用基于Shannon熵准则的WPA法,效果最好.     

基于小波分析的脉冲涡流信号去噪方法研究

应用小波多尺度分解与重构技术和小波包分析技术对脉冲涡流检测信号进行处理,将信号中的噪声分离出来并去除。采用离散小波变换的强制消噪法、软阈值消噪法和不同熵准则的小波包消噪法,对实测的脉冲涡流信号进行消噪。在保留信号中有用成分的前提下,结合信号的信噪比和均方根误差,对消噪方法进行比较和优选。实验结果表明,小波包分析中的Threshold熵准则法效果最好。     

基于模极大值小波域的去噪算法研究

根据信号与噪声在小波变换下的不同特性，提出了基于模极大值小波域的去噪算法。该算法先用Adhoc算法求出信号的模极大值，再根据模极大值小波域的定义求出信号的模极大值小波域，从而得到信号的小波系数，然后逆变换得到信号。实例分析表明：该算法能有效消除噪声，与交替投影模极大值算法相比，该算法在原理上更简单，程序实现更容易，去噪速度更快，能满足在线监测的要求。     

小波变换在X射线图像边缘检测中的应用

分析了X射线探伤图像的特点,将小波变换技术应用到X射线图像的边缘检测中,提出了基于小波变换的模极大值边缘检测算法,利用二次B样条小波,采用Mallat快速算法进行小波分解,采用分块阈值选取方法确定模极大值点,给出缺陷边缘。实验结果表明,该方法去噪效果好,检测出的缺陷边缘具有较强的连续性。     

地震信号小波变换的去噪方法

运用模极大值法基本原理进行地震信号去噪研究,进而运用二次小波变换原理通过低层系数处理对常用小波去噪方法进行改进.通过合成不同的染噪地震信号,由一系列仿真实验对模拟地震信号进行不同尺度的小波分解与重构,从而实现最优小波分解尺度上的地震信号噪声去除.与常用的快速傅立叶转换方法比较,仿真结果表明,该小波变换方法能够有效去除地震勘探信号中的噪声,并且针对系数的二次小波变换可以明显改进去噪的效果.     

基于小波变换的非平稳信号去噪

传统的信号去噪算法往往仅对平稳噪声或缓慢变化的噪声有效, 且残留的信号噪声较大。基于小波变换的去噪算法对传统的小波阈值法进行了改进,根据信号与噪声在小波域的分布特性以及信号和噪声小波变换的模极大值随尺度的变化大小不同,得到噪声在小波域中的位置以及小波系数大小。实验结果表明：该算法对平稳和非平稳的噪声都能进行较好地去噪。     

改进小波包分析在图像噪声处理中的应用

针对图像消噪问题,提出了改进小波包分析算法.该算法对小波包分解和重构算法进行了改进,通过对小波包分解系数的重新排序,解决了由于隔点采样而引起的频带混叠问题,并对小波消噪原理进行了深入分析.通过对图像的消噪处理,该算法消噪效果优于二维小波变换和小波包分析算法,具有更为广泛的应用价值.     

基于小波分析的传感器故障检测研究

针对航空发动机控制系统传感器故障检测在强噪声环境下易误报的问题,设计了基于模极大值原理的传感器故障检测方法.首先介绍基于小波奇异性进行故障检测的基本原理,之后根据信号和噪声奇异指数不同的特点判断噪声模极大值.对传感器典型故障,给出基于模极大值原理的传感器故障检测算法,并根据小波变换模极大值在不同尺度下的分布来完成故障的检测.通过某型涡扇发动机控制系统传感器故障检测仿真实验表明,小波变换能很好地刻画信号的奇异性特征,该滤波算法消噪效果明显,故障检测准确度高.     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

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Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate