小样本条件下基于随机森林和Haar特征的多姿态人脸识别

针对小样本环境下存在人脸姿态、表情变化等干扰时的人脸识别问题,提出利用基于Haar特征的随机森林分类器完成对注册样本和待识别人脸图像的关键点自适应定位,再以SURF(Speed-Up Robust Features)特征的欧氏距离决策得出初匹配和再匹配关键点,完成人脸识别,解决在小样本环境下识别多姿态人脸图像的问题。实验结果证明,该方法在表情、姿态变化等干扰情况下能有效提高小样本人脸识别的识别率。     

通用学习框架改进核PCA的单样本人脸识别

针对传统的人脸识别算法在每个人只有单个训练样本时识别性能严重下降的问题,提出了通用学习框架改进核主成分分析的单样本人脸识别算法。首先,选取一个合适的通用训练样本集,将各个单训练样本与通用训练样本集中某人的多训练样本按比例叠加;然后,利用经典的KPCA算法进行特征提取,将所有叠加后的训练样本和测试样本投影到特征子空间;最后,使用最近邻分类器完成最终的人脸识别。在Yale及FERET两大通用人脸数据库上的实验结果表明,相比其他几种较为先进的人脸识别算法,该算法取得了更好的单样本识别效果。     

基于姿态校正与虚拟样本的多姿态人脸识别

研究人脸识别问题,提高多姿态识别精度.针对训练样本不足,当测试人脸图像姿态变化较大时,就会降低一致性,使得识别精度急剧下滑(低于60％),甚至出现无法识别的情况.为解决因训练样本不足导致识别精度低下的问题,根据正弦变换的改进型姿态校正人脸识别策略,在保留人脸图像的纹理信息的情况下,将多姿态样本校正为正面人脸图像,利用二次多项式变换方法增加虚拟训练样本,解决了实际情况中只能获取一个正面或侧面训练样本的问题,于是采用子空间的特征提取方法进行仿真,在保证时间消耗的情况下,识别率相比传统模型提高了19个百分点,达到77％,表明改进方法能对多姿态人脸进行有效识别,并提高了识别精度.     

基于特征层融合的人脸识别新方法

为了探索人脸识别中有效的特征提取方法,提出了一种基于特征层融合的算法.该方法融合了保局投影(LPP)和最大间距准则(MMC)两种方法.首先对训练样本进行LPP判别分析,得到每个训练样本在LPP子空间上的投影,然后利用MMC方法对所有的投影进行鉴别分析,提取出更有效的样本判别特征;采用最小近邻分类器分类.在ORL人脸库的测试结果表明,在姿态、光照、表情、训练样本数目变化的情况下,该算法都具有较好的识别率.     

非线性尺度配准NLORB和亮度模板融合的方法

视频场景的图像拼接方法需要拥有实时性、尺度旋转不变性和较好的融合效果。ORB尺度不变性较差,SIFT时间复杂度高,并且没有充分保持边缘细节,因此在非线性尺度与ORB的基础上,介绍改进的配准方法NLORB和基于YUV亮度模板的均值坐标融合法。NLORB采用非线性尺度消除噪声并保持边缘,使用图像熵确定尺度参数,设置合适的关键点间距,多尺度空间搜寻极值点,构造稳定的ORB特征和描述向量,采用RANSAC进行匹配。通过仿真实验对比,NLORB能改善ORB尺度不变性和分布均匀性,提高匹配的成功率,亮度模板的均值坐标法加强了融合效果。     

基于改进ORB特征点的LK光流算法

针对传统ORB特征点匹配准确率低和在光流算法中跟踪特性差的问题,提出了一种基于改进ORB特征点的LK光流算法。首先结合FAST特征点和rBRIEF特征描述符计算出ORB特征点;然后结合SURF算法在特征提取步骤中构建的Hessian矩阵对ORB特征点进行再提取;最后对改进ORB特征点进行特征匹配测试和LK光流跟踪测试。实验结果表明,相较于传统ORB特征点,改进ORB特征点的特征匹配准确率平均提升20.96%,LK光流跟踪成功率平均提升19.73%。本文提出的改进ORB特征点不仅拥有更好的特征匹配效果,同时具有更好的跟踪特性。     

基于三维数据与MMSV特征的二维人脸识别*

针对二维人脸识别对姿态与光照变化较为敏感的问题,提出了一种基于三维数据与混合多尺度奇异值特征MMSV(mixture of multi-scale singular value,MMSV)的二维人脸识别方法。在训练阶段,利用三维人脸数据与光照模型获取大量具有不同姿态和光照条件的二维虚拟图像,为构造完备的特征模板奠定基础;同时,通过子集划分有效地缓解了人脸特征提取过程中的非线性问题;最后对人脸图像进行MMSV特征提取,从而对人脸的全局与局部特征进行融合。在识别阶段,通过计算MMSV特征子空间距离完成分类识别。实验证明,提取到的MMSV特征包含有更多的鉴别信息,对姿态和光照变化具有理想的鲁棒性。该方法在WHU-3D数据库上取得了约98.4%的识别率。     

自适应Gabor特征的协同表示人脸识别算法

为了解决人脸识别应用中针对人脸姿态的变化,光照等外部环境变化导致识别率不高,且稀疏表示应用于人脸识别收敛速度慢的情况,提出了一种基于多分量的Gabor特征提取和自适应权重选择的协同表示人脸识别算法(GAW-CRC).特征提取阶段,将Gabor变换的所有特征分量中鉴别能力较差的分量淘汰,剩余分量构建特征字典,分别协同表示对应测试样本的特征分量,将所有剩余分量的识别结果,按照自适应的权重函数加权融合得出最终分类结果.实验证明:算法应用于AR,FERET与Extended Yale B人脸库中,当对应的样本存在人脸角度变化,表情变化和光照条件变化等情况时,能够得到更高的识别率.     

LBP 直方图与PCA 的欧式距离的人脸识别

基于LBP算子具有旋转不变性和灰度不变性等显著特点,本文通过LBP算子的特征提取,将人脸分成子区域,然后通过连接这些子区域的LBP直方图生成人脸特征向量,由于生成的特征向量的维数过高,通过PCA算法降维压缩,最后用欧式距离分类器完成测试样本和训练样本的人脸识别,通过实验比较得出很好的人脸识别效果,此人脸识别算法过程用于火车站等各种公共场合有很好的应用效果。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Call for papers The 34th Chinese Control Conference & SICE Annual Conference 2015

正The 34th Chinese Control Conference and SICE Annual Conference 2015(CCCSICE2015)is organized by the Technical Committee on Control Theory(TCCT)of Chinese Association of Automation(CAA)and the Society of Instrument and Control Engineers(SICE)of Japan,and locally organized by Hangzhou Dianzi University(HDU).     

一种主题爬虫文本分类器的构建

该文利用DF与CHI统计量相结合的特征选取方法,针对互联网上对外汉语相关领域的网页进行特征提取,并在此基础上,构建了基于标题与正文相结合的两步式主题相关度判定分类器。基于该分类器做对外汉语相关主题的网页爬取工作,实验表明,效率和召回率比传统分类器都有较大程度的提高,目前该分类器已经用于为大型对外汉语语料库构建提供数据源。     

A 3-D motion tracing system in High School Physics teaching

Abstract This article presents a study of a large scale incorporation of one data acquisitionsystem into physics teaching in Israel. By 1994 about 30% of the schools throughout the country used the V-scope, a 3-D multibody motion tracing system, in their lab programme. The views and reactions of post-training teachers, experienced teachers and students on various aspects of using the system are described, analysed and compared.     

基于蚁群算法自整定PID的风电系统最大风能追踪研究

针对风力发电系统处于欠功率阶段时,风能利用系数须保持在最大值的问题,以欠功率阶段的最大风能追踪为研究重点,对风力机捕获风能的过程进行理论分析,提出了一种基于蚁群算法自整定PID的最大风能追踪控制策略,利用蚁群算法的全局优化能力优化PID的3个参数,给出了该算法的基本思想以及具体实现步骤,设计了蚁群算法自整定PID控制器,搭建了系统仿真图,并对其进行相应的仿真分析;仿真结果表明,与传统的PID控制策略相比,该控制策略使控制系统具有良好的动态响应能力,提高了风电系统的控制精度、风能利用率、输出功率,实现了机组的优化运行.     

Java与XML实现数据抽取

长期以来，软件成本居高不下的一个重要原因就是缺乏高质量可复用的组件，为此，本文介绍了一个许多应用系统都可能用到的组件－数据抽取工具的设计和实现过程，它将Java与XML技术相结合，实现了数据抽取，生成了XML数据文件的图形化工具。     

Young children's active and passive graphing

Abstract This paper reports on the graphing work of children, aged 8 and 9 years, who have immediate and continuous access to portable computers across the whole curriculum. They have been using their computers to generate graphs and charts from experimental data. The unit of analysis is a learning sequence in which the progress of a small group of children on a specific coherent task was recorded over a period of several weeks. The paper describes two such learning sequences to illustrate two types of graphing, which can occur in computer-rich environments. In one sequence, the children collected data after which they explored the graphing facilities on the computer whereas in the other learning sequence graphing is used iteratively as an integral part of the ongoing task.