空间绳系机器人目标抓捕鲁棒自适应控制器设计

针对空间绳系机器人（Tethered space robot,TSR）目标抓捕过程中的稳定控制问题,建立空间绳系机器人系统模型,根据阻抗控制原理,设计基于位置的阻抗控制方法;针对空间绳系机器人系统的模型不确定性问题,利用神经网络对不确定性进行估计补偿,设计鲁棒项对空间系绳干扰和神经网络估计误差的影响进行抑制,在此基础上设计空间绳系机器人目标抓捕鲁棒自适应稳定控制器,并进行稳定性证明.最后对设计的控制器进行仿真验证.作为对比,对无鲁棒项自适应的稳定控制器进行仿真.仿真结果表明,设计的基于阻抗控制的鲁棒自适应控制可以实现对空间绳系机器人目标抓捕过程中的稳定控制,与无鲁棒项自适应的稳定控制器仿真结果相比,本文采用的鲁棒自适应控制方法可以有效地对不确定性进行补偿,控制过程中超调量更小,收敛时间更短,并且控制精度更高.     

间隙度量与跟踪系统中的鲁棒控制器设计

为定量研究鲁棒控制器允许对象有尽可能大的不确定性.在引入间隙度量的基础上,定义了跟踪系统鲁棒控制器的鲁棒边界,并对某跟踪系统设计了基于间隙度量的鲁棒控制器.该控制器能兼顾对象的不确定性与控制器的不确定性.由仿真结果可以看出,与普通的PID控制器相比,具有较大鲁棒边界的鲁棒控制器不仅具有较强的干扰抑制能力.而且能够在模型加性不确定性存在的情况下具有很好的跟踪性能.     

过热汽温二级模糊鲁棒自调整PID控制器设计

许多过程控制对象的模型结构及参数常常具有随设备运行状态改变而产生较大幅度 变化的特性，或者具有某些不确定性，文章探讨了采用增益配置型模糊PID控制器的参数自 调整的鲁棒设计问题，提出利用二级模糊推理结合系统特征在线辨识实现PID参数动态调整 的控制器设计方法，实例仿真表明该控制器能较好地适应对象动态模型的大幅度变化，保持 较优的鲁棒调节性能．     

基于T-S模糊模型的复杂系统的灵敏度分析

为模拟空间对接强制校正阶段的推出和拉近过程,提出基于六自由度并联机器人位置内环的柔顺力控制策略.综合考虑参数变化、模型变动和外来干扰等不确定性,利用μ综合控制理论设计鲁棒力控制器,并通过μ分析比较鲁棒力控制器和经典力控制器的鲁棒稳定性和鲁棒性能.鲁棒力控制器和经典力控制器的实验结果,表明了所设计鲁棒力控制器的有效性和优越性.     

并联机器人的鲁棒自适应控制

本文针对含有不确定性的液压并联机器人，提出了一种鲁棒自适应控制器，该控制器能够克服参数变化和负载扰动的不良影响，保证系统的鲁棒全局渐近稳定性的良好的踊跃动态性能，计算机仿真结果证明了该控制方案的有效性。     

基于IMC的PID控制器参数确定

应用零极点相消法设计内模控制器，选取内模控制器的滤波系数，以满足预定不确定性下鲁棒性的要求。用PID规律逼近IMC控制来确定PID参数。仿真结果表明，所设计的控制器具有较好的动态性能和鲁棒稳定性，适用于大型工业过程。     

基于改进的FNNs移动机械臂输出反馈跟踪控制

针对包含电机动态模型的移动机械臂系统,提出一种鲁棒自适应输出反馈控制方法.将误差符号函数鲁棒积分反馈与神经网络前馈结构相结合用于控制器的设计,然后利用神经网络去逼近机器人和电机系统的不确定项,设计鲁棒项实时补偿网络误差.通过Lyapunov稳定性分析证明闭环系统所有信号半全局一致有界.最后仿真实验表明,控制方法对系统动态不确定性和外界干扰有很好的鲁棒性,可实现移动机械臂的输出反馈跟踪控制.     

自治水下机器人深度的鲁棒H∞控制仿真

研究了鲁棒H∞控制在自治水下机器人(AUV)深度控制中的应用.根据刚体空间运动和流体力学理论建立了AUV垂直面运动的数学模型,并在特定的工作点对模型进行了线性化处理得到了AUV垂直面运动的控制设计模型.根据鲁棒H∞控制理论设计了自治水下机器人垂直面运动的深度控制器.仿真结果表明,该控制器在减轻/克服AUV运动模型的不确定性,严重的非线性和外界干扰等方面有明显的效果,具有很好的动态性能,系统的鲁棒性强.     

基于DSP鲁棒PID控制器的电液位置伺服系统电模拟仿真研究

设计了一种基于灵敏度函数的鲁棒PID控制器,并以DSPTMS320F2812加以实现。为了验证该控制器的鲁棒性能,根据电液位置伺服系统的数学模型,设计了研究对象的电模拟仿真器。通过鲁棒PID控制器对电液位置伺服系统进行电模拟仿真实验。仿真实验结果表明：该鲁棒PID控制器在电模拟仿真器电路参数发生一定的变化时,具有很好的鲁棒性能。     

具有降阶模型的多模型鲁棒自适应控制

传统鲁棒自适应控制由于考虑了实际系统存在的不确定性,在一定程度上扩大了常规自适应控制的应用范围,但是传统鲁棒自适应控制大多只是从系统全局稳定性的角度出发来设计控制器而忽略系统动态和稳态性能,导致其无法在工况多变的实际被控系统中取得令人满意的效果。针对传统鲁棒自适应控制的不足,本文对由ARMA模型描述并包含未建模动态的系统设计了多模型鲁棒自适应控制器。首先采用正则化技术将系统未建模动态转化为系统有界扰动,并在系统降阶模型的基础上根据系统工况的变化设计了多个固定控制器和2个鲁棒自适应控制器,并根据性能指标函数选择最佳控制器作为当前系统控制器以提高系统性能。仿真实验说明当系统存在未建模动态以及系统工况发生变化时,本文设计的控制器能获得较好的控制效果。     

Robust fuzzy tracking control for robotic manipulators

In this paper, a stable adaptive fuzzy-based tracking control is developed for robot systems with parameter uncertainties and external disturbance. First, a fuzzy logic system is introduced to approximate the unknown robotic dynamics by using adaptive algorithm. Next, the effect of system uncertainties and external disturbance is removed by employing an integral sliding mode control algorithm. Consequently, a hybrid fuzzy adaptive robust controller is developed such that the resulting closed-loop robot system is stable and the trajectory tracking performance is guaranteed. The proposed controller is appropriate for the robust tracking of robotic systems with system uncertainties. The validity of the control scheme is shown by computer simulation of a two-link robotic manipulator.     

基于不确定逼近的机械手间接自适应鲁棒预测控制

为了使机械手系统在含有模型不确定项时具有良好的跟踪性能和较强的抗干扰能力,提出了一种间接自适应鲁棒预测控制。首先,针对机械手模型设计出非线性鲁棒预测控制器;然后,基于三次样条函数逼近控制律中因模型不确定性产生的未知项,并在控制律中引入一个D-控制项抑制外部干扰。理论证明了所设计的控制器能够使跟踪误差收敛到原点。仿真验证了所提方法的有效性。     

Performance analysis of fractional order fuzzy PID controllers applied to a robotic manipulator

A two-link robotic manipulator is a Multi-Input Multi-Output (MIMO), highly nonlinear and coupled system. Therefore, designing an efficient controller for this system is a challenging task for the control engineers. In this paper, the Fractional Order Fuzzy Proportional-Integral-Derivative (FOFPID) controller for a two-link planar rigid robotic manipulator for trajectory tracking problem is investigated. Robustness testing of FOFPID controller for model uncertainties, disturbance rejection and noise suppression is also investigated. To study the effectiveness of FOFPID controller, its performance is compared with other three controllers namely Fuzzy PID (FPID), Fractional Order PID (FOPID) and conventional PID. For tuning of parameters of all the controllers, Cuckoo Search Algorithm (CSA) optimization technique was used. Two performance indices namely Integral of Absolute Error (IAE) and Integral of Absolute Change in Controller Output (IACCO) having equal weightage for both the links are considered for minimization. Numerical simulation results clearly indicate the superiority of FOFPID controller over the other controllers for trajectory tracking, model uncertainties, disturbance rejection and noise suppression.     

连续搅拌反应釜过程的闭环增益成形PID控制器设计

针对连续搅拌反应釜（CSTR）系统控制问题,设计了一种基于闭环增益成形算法的PID控制器,以提高PID控制器设计的简洁性和鲁棒性。首先假设期望闭环回路传递函数有一阶形式,同时将受控对象的一阶传递函数和PID控制器构成实际闭环回路传递函数。然后,比较期望闭环回路传递函数和实际闭环回路传递函数,即可确定PID参数。最后,以某CSTR系统为例,利用该方法设计了PID控制器,并通过仿真结果比较,检验了该方法所得PID控制器的良好鲁棒稳定性和动态品质。     

具有H_∞跟踪性能的机器人自适应PID控制

针对非线性不确定机器人系统的轨迹跟踪控制问题,提出一种鲁棒自适应PID控制算法.该控制器由主控制器和监督控制器组成.主控制器以常规PID控制为基础,基于滑模控制思想设计PID参数的自适应律,根据误差实时修正PID参数.基于Lyapunov函数设计的监督控制器补偿自适应PID控制器与理想控制器之间的差异,使系统具有设定的H_∞的跟踪性能.最后,两关节机器人的仿真实验结果表明了算法的有效性.

Abstract：

A robust adaptive PID control algorithm is proposed for trajectory tracking of robot manipulators with nonlinear uncertainties.The controller is composed of a main controller and a supervisory controller.The main controller is designed based on the traditional PID controller.The parameters of the PID controller are updated online according to the system running errors with the adaptation law based on the sliding mode control.The supervisory controller is proposed to compensate the error between the adaptive PID controller and the ideal controller in the sense of the Lyapunov function with the specified H_∞ tracking performance.Finally, the simulation results based on a two-joint robot manipulator show the effectiveness of the presented controller.     

基于模型的PI鲁棒控制的电子节气门方法研究

精确控制电子节气门对提高汽车动力特性,减少危害气体排放,提高燃油利用效率具有重要意义。针对电子节气门系统的非线性和干扰等不确定特性,设计PI鲁棒控制器,克服非线性等对电子节气门输出响应的影响。该控制器在传统的PID算法中增加非线性控制量,能抑制由于系统非线性环节等干扰引起的性能恶化。根据电子节气门动作信号抽象出系统输入信号,对控制系统进行仿真。仿真结果表明鲁棒PI控制的电子节气门控制系统具有较小的超调量,能快速跟踪输入并具有较小的稳态误差和一定的鲁棒特性。     

Design and Implementation of an Inverse Dynamics Controller for Uncertain Nonholonomic Robotic Systems

This paper addresses the trajectory tracking control problem of nonholonomic robotic systems in the presence of modeling uncertainties. A tracking controller is proposed such that it combines the inverse dynamics control technique and an adaptive robust PID control strategy to preserve robustness to both parametric and nonparametric uncertainties. A SPR-Lypunov stability analysis demonstrates that tracking errors are uniformly ultimately bounded (UUB) and exponentially converge to a small ball containing the origin. The proposed inverse dynamics tracking controller is successfully applied to a nonholonomic wheeled mobile robot (WMR) and experimental results are presented to validate the effectiveness of the proposed controller.     

A Robust Tracking Controller for Electrically Driven Robot Manipulators: Stability Analysis and Experiment

 In this paper, a robust controller for electrically driven robotic systems is developed. The controller is designed in a backstepping manner. The main features of the controller are: 1) Control strategy is developed at the voltage level and can deal with both mechanical and electrical uncertainties. 2) The proposed control law removes the restriction of previous robust methods on the upper bound of system uncertainties. 3) It also benefits from global asymptotic stability in the Lyapunov sense. It is worth to mention that the proposed controller can be utilized for constrained and nonconstrained robotic systems. The effectiveness of the proposed controller is verified by simulations for a two link robot manipulator and a four-bar linkage. In addition to simulation results, experimental results on a two link serial manipulator are included to demonstrate the performance of the proposed controller in tracking a given trajectory.     

基于一阶不确定项估计律的机械臂鲁棒控制研究

针对多自由度机械臂控制系统的模型参数误差、关节摩擦力以及外部输入扰动等不确定项,设计了一类一阶误差估计律;结合基于机构动力学名义模型的输入输出反馈线性化控制算法,对六自由度刚性机械臂的时变轨迹跟踪控制进行了研究,理论上证明了设计的鲁棒控制器是全局渐进稳定的.仿真结果表明该控制策略对系统的各类不确定项具有很好的鲁棒性,能够实现高精度的轨迹跟踪控制.     

Robust tracking enhancement of robot systems including motordynamics: a fuzzy-based dynamic game approach

A robust tracking control design of robot systems including motor dynamics with parameter perturbation and external disturbance is proposed in this study via adaptive fuzzy cancellation technique. A minimax controller equipped with a fuzzy-based scheme is used to enhance the tracking performance in spite of system uncertainties and external disturbance. The design procedure is divided into three steps. At first, a linear nominal robotic control design is obtained via model reference tracking with desired eigenvalue assignment. Next, a fuzzy logic system is constructed and then tuned to eliminate the nonlinear uncertainties as possibly as it can to enhance the tracking robustness. Finally, a minimax control scheme is specified to optimally attenuate the worst-case effect of both the residue due to fuzzy cancellation and external disturbance to achieve a minimax tracking performance. In addition, an adaptive fuzzy-based dynamic game theory is introduced to solve the minimax tracking problem. The proposed method is appropriate for the robust tracking design of robotic systems with large parameter perturbation and external disturbance. A simulation example of a two-link robotic manipulator driven by DC motors is also given to demonstrate the effectiveness of proposed design method's tracking performance