基于轮廓尖锐度的图像角点检测算法

角点是图像轮廓线最重要的特征,为了准确而快速地检测角点,提出基于轮廓尖锐度的计算方法。该算法在多尺度空间中对轮廓曲线进行高斯平滑,在局部支撑区域内计算轮廓每一点的尖锐度,结合角点筛选规则确定角点。数学推导表明该算法具备合理性和可行性。实例分析表明其抗干扰性好、运算量小、定位准确。     

一种基于曲率尺度空间的自适应角点检测方法

角点是图像处理中的重要特征,基于曲率尺度空间技术,提出一种自适应角点检测方法.首先提取图像的轮廓,采用一个固定的低尺度计算所有轮廓点的曲率,并根据曲率得到候选角点集,然后用由自适应支持区域确定的角点角度和一个动态曲率阙值代替固定的阙值筛选出正确角点.实验结果证实该方法应用于复杂图像的精确性和稳定性.     

Snake模型初始轮廓选取的研究

针对Snake模型处理复杂背景图像时的初始轮廓自动选取问题,该文采用分水岭算法先对图像进行分割,并将得到的边界作为Snake模型的初始边缘轮廓。由于分水岭算法具有将目标物体从复杂背景中分割开来的优点,使得在应用Snake模型对复杂图像进行分割时减少了人工的干预。经过实验对比,采用分水岭算法对玉米秸秆图像进行边缘轮廓的提取能达到较好的效果,为自动进行Snake模型的计算提供了一种较好的初始轮廓处理方法。     

一种利用形状片段的物体检测方法

针对物体检测中传统方法计算量大, 对复杂背景敏感, 且大部分物体检测方法只能得到物体所在区域而不能精确定位物体边缘等问题, 本文提出一种基于形状片段特征的物体检测方法. 该方法首先根据训练集得到具有多尺度特性的物体形状片段模型; 对测试图像按照和模型中边缘片段提取一致方法, 根据形状片段间的相似度, 选取出候选形状片段; 然后根据候选形状片段估计出模型中的片段与测试图像中片段之间的旋转角; 最后结合具有全局约束的概率Hough变换, 将物体检测问题转换为Hough空间概率问题; 根据Hough空间求解出的物体中心位置, 对候选形状片段验证, 得到实际物体轮廓片段. 理论分析和实验结果表明, 本文提出的算法具有较好的效果.     

基于对称物体的3维重构技术研究

3维重构理论与技术是计算机视觉领域最重要的热点问题之一,而基于单幅图像的3维重构由于缺乏足够的几何信息而难以达到预期效果,已成为世纪性难题。针对大部分物体具有对称性特征,或可分解为有限个对称物体元的客观事实,提出基于透视逆变换原理,首先建立包含摇角、倾角、摆角等三元的透视变换矩阵T;再由链码表示的物体轮廓提取特征直线,根据平行线束投影角相近性特点求解主灭点信息,进而确定视点位置、物体对称平面;根据对称性特征,利用物体假想对称平面,通过人工交互指定3对已知对称点的图像坐标及其对应点的空间坐标确定透视变换矩阵T,继而反求物体表面其他特征点的空间位置,最后利用OpenGL软件包实现物体3维模型的重建。     

混合软影绘制算法

实时软影映射算法能够使用一张阴影映射图绘制出复杂动态场景的真实的软影效果.结合物体空间和图像空间的算法,提出一种在物体空间中提取面光源轮廓边的方法;然后利用面光源轮廓边的属性,提出一个在图像空间中确定轮廓边像素走向的方法;最后反投影拟合的轮廓边计算最终的几何可见性.实验结果表明,本文算法减少了提取轮廓边的消耗,提高了绘制效率;增加了拟合轮廓边的精度,提高了绘制效果.     

基于特征轮廓的灰度图像定位三维物体方法

讨论了一种基于特征轮廓的从三维灰度图像确定三维物体位置和姿态的方法，该方法首先建立物体的三维网页模型，检测模型上的特征点，并建立该物体的特征轮廓模型，然后检测输入图像中物体上的特征点，形成特征轮廓，并与特征轮廓模型相匹配，就可得到该物体在三维空间中的姿态；最后使用最小二乘法对物体进行精确定位，实验证明，该方法在物体遮挡情况下不是很严重时，可以快速精确地从灰度图像定位三维物体。     

利用轮廓分解和局部描述的二值图像检索

提出一种面向二值图像检索的形状分解和局部描述方法.对二值图像进行物体轮廓的提取,采用特定的方法对轮廓进行分解,得到轮廓的参考点集.利用轮廓的法线求取每一个参考点的对应弧线段,计算弧线段的特征并作为对应参考点的特征向量,从而原图像就被表示为特征空间中的特征点集.最后,采用点匹配的方法来计算图像之间的距离,实现二值图像的检索.实验结果表明,与目前已有的方法相比该方法具有较高的检索精度.     

基于Harris角点检测的人体特征提取与测量

为准确地对人体图像特征尺寸进行自动识别和提取,提出一种基于Harris角点检测的人体特征提取与测量算法;首先对原始图像规范化处理,并采用Canny算子进行边缘检测,得到图像的二值边缘图;然后根据人体特征尺寸位置的突变性可用角点来描述的特点对轮廓图像进行特征点提取;最后利用人体关键尺寸与身高(由用户提供)的比例关系进行特征点筛选,计算获取人体测量学中的关键尺寸;经对实际测量数据分析比较得知,实验测量结果产生的误差较小,实验值和实际值之间无显著性差异,因此验证了该方法的可行性。     

保特征的单幅图像三维网格重建EI北大核心CSCD

针对图像重建三维物体方法中存在无法保持物体尖锐特征的问题,基于深度神经网络,对输入单幅图像提出一种有效的保特征三维网格生成方法.对单幅输入图像使用VGG-16提取图像特征,并特别设计了图像边缘检测层获取物体的尖锐特征;将三维网格(初始为椭球)的顶点投影到特征图和边缘检测图上,以获得顶点局部特征,并判断其是否为尖锐特征点;然后,将局部特征和顶点位置串联输入到改进的图卷积神经网络(graph convolutional neural network, GCNN),对于非尖锐特征点采用普通GCNN,对于检测到的尖锐特征点采用0邻域图卷积神经网络(0-neighborhood GCNN, 0N-GCNN),以期其尽量不被邻域顶点过度光滑;GCNN的输出预测了顶点的新位置和三维特征;最后,对网格的顶点及特征用Loop细分上采样.执行3次上述变形(二维特征投影、尖锐特征检测、GCNN变形、上采样)后,初始椭球最终变形为输入图像中物体模样.实验使用ShapeNet数据集,在PyTorch框架下实现,从定性和定量两方面与现有方法进行了比较.实验结果表明,在Chamfer距离和F-score两类定量指标上均优于大部分现有方法,而Chamfer距离和F-score(2τ)的均值表现为最优.视觉比较也表明,文中方法可有效地提升特征保持性能.     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

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Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate