柔性机械臂用压电驱动器实现精密定位控制的研究——解析模型、作业空间和可操作性分析

本文提出了利用柔性机械臂的柔性并通过压电驱动器实施精密定位，实现微位移和微力操作的思想．为此针对二连杆柔性机械臂建立了其微位移、微力操作的解析模型，并理论和仿真分析其可达作业空间能力及其可操作性．通过应用例子仿真研究表明方法的有效性，拓宽了压电驱动器应用于柔性机械臂振动控制的思想     

压电柔性机械臂的主动振动控制研究

针对柔性机械臂的振动问题,采用压电智能结构作为敏感器和驱动器进行主动控制.首先建立柔性机械臂的实验装置,其次对设计的柔性机械臂系统进行辨识研究,得到系统的前二阶模态频率,再次采用PD控制和PPF控制算法对柔性机械臂进行主动振动控制.实验结果表明,采用压电智能结构可以抑制柔性机械臂的振动,效果明显.     

一种带力传感的微夹持器设计及试验

设计制作一种带力传感的微夹持器,通过压电陶瓷堆驱动和柔性铰链放大来实现夹持动作,由粘贴于悬臂应变梁的半导体应变片构成惠斯通电桥测量微夹持力．优化设计了柔性铰链的结构,对悬臂式应变梁进行了仿真分析．最后,制作并组装成微夹持器,进行了力传感标定试验和微夹持操作试验．制作和试验结果验证了这种带力传感的微夹持器的可行性和实用性．     

基于压电薄膜驱动的微定位平台建模与分析

设计了一种基于压电薄膜驱动梁和柔性铰链结构的3维微定位平台,并且为了准确评估平台性能提出了一种理论建模分析方法.首先,根据力平衡条件下的欧拉-伯努利梁理论和压电本构方程,得到压电薄膜梁的输出模型;然后,根据柔度矩阵方法,推导得到微定位平台的整体柔度模型;最后,综合压电薄膜梁模型和平台柔度模型得到平台的整体输出模型.通过有限元仿真分析微定位平台的输出位移和转角,并与理论计算结果进行对比验证.结果显示,仅有1个驱动器作用时,输出位移和转角理论计算结果与有限元分析结果的相对误差分别为5.4%和5.5%;3个驱动器共同作用时,输出位移理论结果与有限元分析结果的相对误差为11.6%.     

智能柔性机械臂的建模和振动主动控制研究

针对伺服电动机、谐波齿轮减速器、柔性臂及压电致动器组成的智能柔性机械臂系统,基于假设模态法和Hamilton原理建立系统动力学方程.为了实现系统较高精度的位置控制,同时快速抑制柔性臂的弹性振动,提出了对伺服电动机采用PD(proportional derivative)控制、对压电致动器采用模糊(fuzzy)控制的复合控制策略.在数值仿真分析的基础上,搭建了智能柔性机械臂系统测控平台.数值仿真和实验结果表明所提出的控制策略是可行的:PD控制算法控制伺服电动机以较高的位置精度完成了系统运动控制,模糊控制算法控制压电致动器较快地抑制了柔性臂的弹性振动.实验中柔性臂的振动衰减时间由6.5s缩短为3.5s,提高了柔性臂末端的定位控制精度,改善了系统的操作效率.     

一种集成微力检测的压电式微夹钳

针对微装配任务设计了一种双悬臂梁结构的压电双晶片微夹钳，该微夹钳由两个压电双晶片驱动．建立了压电双晶片的复合梁模型，并对它的微位移—电压特性、夹持力—应变特性进行了数学分析．通过检测悬臂梁根部的应变信号实现对微夹钳夹持力的检测．实验证明该微夹钳工作可靠，能够满足微装配机器人装配任务的要求．     

压电陶瓷驱动器非线性建模研究

压电陶瓷驱动器电压位移之间的非线性特点严重影响着它的位移控制精度,建立压电陶瓷驱动器非线性模型是纳米级微位移测控中的关键环节.采用支持向量机回归的方法,通过引入核函数和损失函数将非线性回归转化成线性问题并提高回归精度,建立了一种新的压电陶瓷驱动器外环非线性模型,并就模型的准确性与其它建模方法进行了比较.试验证明,所建的基于支持向量回归的压电陶瓷驱动器非线性模型很好的描述了压电陶瓷驱动器外环非线性特点,误差控制在2%以内,并且建模过程简单,准确性高.     

并联三钳指柔性压电微夹钳的设计与分析

为增大柔性微夹钳可操作物体的范围、增加操作过程中的稳定性、降低对可操作物体的损伤、消除垂直于输出位移方向的耦合位移,基于二级杠杆位移放大机构、桥式位移放大机构、位移导向机构,设计了一种单压电执行器驱动并联三钳指的柔性微夹钳.首先,描述了并联三钳指微夹钳的结构特征与工作原理;然后,根据微夹钳的柔性特征构建其输出位移放大倍...     

基于增量PID的压电微位移器驱动控制系统开发

对基于数字增量PID算法的压电微位移器驱动控制系统进行了理论分析和开发研究,提出了基于数字增量PID算法的压电微位移器控制系统的设计方案,并利用通用计算机及数据采集板对其进行了开发,最后将该微位移控制系统用于基于压电堆驱动器的机械手手指张合运动控制系统中,取得了良好的控制效果.该微位移器控制系统具有实现简便、控制效果好...     

基于柔性关节机械臂振动的空间非合作目标质量辨识

针对空间在轨服务任务中捕获的非合作目标的质量辨识问题,提出了一种基于柔性关节机械臂振动频率的质量辨识方法.在该方法中,首先利用操作航天器上的柔性关节机械臂捕获空间非合作目标;然后对操作航天器、柔性关节机械臂与空间非合作目标形成的组合体进行动力学建模;最后通过分析柔性关节机械臂的振动频率来辨识空间非合作目标的质量.数值仿真结果证实了该方法的有效性.     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

Call for Papers The 6^th International Conference on Grid and Cooperative Computing

Recent years have seen rapid advances in various grid-related technologies, middleware, and applications. The GCC conference has become one of the largest scientific events worldwide in grid and cooperative computing. The 6th international conference on grid and cooperative computing (GCC2007) Sponsored by China Computer Federation (CCF),Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICT) and Xinjiang University ,and in Cooperation with IEEE Computer Soceity ,is to be held from August 16 to 18, 2007 in Urumchi, Xinjiang, China.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

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