Ⅰ胶原/岩藻聚糖硫酸酯复合支架的制备及性能

以I型胶原、岩藻聚糖硫酸酯为主要原料,采用0.04~0.06M醋酸溶解的Ⅰ胶原、岩藻聚糖硫酸酯的水溶液通过共混的方法制备I型胶原、岩藻聚糖硫酸酯混合溶液,经过冷冻干燥制备复合支架材料。用SEM对复合支架进行性能表征,测定了复合支架的结构、吸水率、体外降解性能,还做了复合支架材料的细胞相容性实验,主要是细胞毒性检测,以及与成纤维细胞复合共培养,检测细胞在材料上的生长情况。结果表明:岩藻聚糖硫酸酯-胶原共混支架材料具有一定孔径的网状结构,有良好的生物相容性,细胞能粘附在材料上生长。它作为一种潜在的生物材料可望在生物医学领域得到应用。     

纳米羟基磷灰石/壳聚糖复合生物材料研究

骨的特殊性能决定了其在人体中起重要的功能作用,人工骨材料对骨缺损的治疗有重要意义。羟基磷灰石是人和动物骨骼的主要无机成分;壳聚糖是天然可降解多糖,降解产物为对人体组织无毒、无害的氨基葡萄糖。纳米羟基磷灰石/壳聚糖复合生物材料可以实现羟基磷灰石和壳聚糖两者的优势互补,具有优良的生物活性、生物相容性和力学性能。介绍了近年来纳米羟基磷灰石/壳聚糖复合生物材料的主要合成方法(如共混法、共沉淀法、原位沉析法、交替沉积法和模拟体液法等),并在此基础上介绍了基于纳米羟基磷灰石/壳聚糖的三元复合材料的研究及发展情况;最后,展望了纳米羟基磷灰石/壳聚糖复合生物材料未来的发展方向。     

原子转移自由基聚合在生物材料中的应用

生物材料表面改性以及具有特定结构与功能的先进生物材料的合成始终是生物材料研究的核心课题.原子转移自由基聚合( ATRP)是一种新型自由基聚合,在生物材料表面改性以及新型生物材料合成方面具有巨大的应用前景.利用ATRP技术可以提高生物材料表面生物相容性、生物适应性以及生物功能性,如提高材料表面的抗生物污染性、血液相容性、细胞相容性以及抗菌性能等;同时,ATRP也可用于合成新型生物医用高分子材料,如两亲性高分子、纳米胶束、智能水凝胶以及一些具有特殊结构的高分子(包括星型、超支化、梳型高分子等).ATRP技术与点击化学结合,可形成新的生物活性表面或者合成新的生物材料,可望产生更多的功能化的材料表面与生物材料.     

基于笼状倍半硅氧烷(POSS)改性生物材料的研究进展

笼状倍伴硅氧烷(POSS)是一类由Si—O—Si键首尾相连,具有高度对称笼型结构的新型有机/无机杂化纳米材料。与传统的无机纳米材料相比,具有良好的热力学稳定性和化学稳定性,同时具有良好的生物相容性、生物稳定性等特点。就近年来基于POSS改性的生物材料在组织工程产品、抗菌产品,牙科材料及生物成像材料等领域的应用进行综述。     

生物功能材料的发展与应用

生物功能材料的发展可分为两个方面，即功能生物材料和仿生功能材料。功能生物材料的研究在于开发生物材料的物理、化学、生物特性的应用。本文着重叙述了生物组织电性能的研究及生物光电材料的应用；提出从生物活性材料活动规律研究入手，由生物模型简化为数学、物理模型从而设计出仿生功能材料的方法。举例说明了生物功能材料的发展对改变传统生产方式及对高科技产业的巨大影响，并对国民经济的发展有很大的促进作用。     

纳米生物材料的应用

纳米生物材料是纳米材料和生物材料交叉而成的一个全新领域。纳米尺度的特殊生物效应使得纳米生物材料具有广泛的应用前景。文章按照纳米材料技术在材料领域的最新应用和经典材料的分类方法,对纳米金属生物材料、纳米无机非金属生物材料、纳米高分子生物材料、纳米复合生物材料的研究现状及应用作了综述。     

生物活性聚乳酸的研究

作为生物医用材料而言,由于聚乳酸本身的缺陷,制备具有生物活性的聚乳酸就成为一条可行的弥补之道。目前聚乳酸生物活化的方法有物理法和化学法。物理法主要通过共混、表面吸附或涂层等实现对聚乳酸的生物活化;化学法包括共聚、交联、表面修饰等,通过改变聚合物大分子或表面结构赋予材料生物活性。本文对这些方法进行了评述,并提出了采用仿生性设计原则来制备具有生物活性的聚乳酸材料。     

无机-有机复合组织器官工程材料的微纳制造

无机-有机复合组织器官工程支架的微纳制造是近年来兴起的生物材料研究领域,相对传统的生物材料与组织工程材料制造技术,微纳制造整合了微纳米技术、计算机辅助设计、数字化制造等先进技术手段,为新型生物医用材料的开发以及生物材料制造新技术、新设备的研发提供了新的技术路线.综述了生物医用材料、特别是组织器官工程与组织修复材料微纳制造技术现状及发展趋势,主要内容包括生物材料的微纳米化及实现途径、组织器官工程支架材料的数字化设计、组织器官工程支架材料的数字化制造新技术等,对我国组织器官工程(修复)材料数字化微纳制造新技术的优先发展领域提出了展望.     

骨修复用生物玻璃复合材料研究进展

生物玻璃是一类性能优良的生物材料,具有良好的生物活性和生物相容性,作为骨修复植入体可以在材料界面与人体骨组织之间形成化学键合,诱导骨的修复与再生.将生物玻璃与其它材料进行复合,可以制备出生物活性和机械性能优良的骨修复复合材料.综述了生物玻璃复合材料的研究现状,并探讨了该类材料目前存在的不足,展望了其发展趋势.     

丝素蛋白对胶原膜性能改善的研究

天然高分子由于其良好的生物相容性而受到广泛的关注。本研究用酶法自制了具有一定水溶性的猪皮胶原。尝试利用丝素和胶原蛋白各自的优点。用简单的溶液浇铸法制备了胶原-丝素共混膜。并通过FTIR、TGA、SEM等手段对其结构进行了表征。结果表明。由于共混膜中俩组份间存在的分子间作用力，加入小于50％的丝素的胶原膜经乙醇处理后与纯胶原膜相比。其力学性能及热稳定性有所的改善。通过改变丝素比例可以调整共混膜的吸水性。由于两组分良好的生物相容性，预料该共混膜可用作生物材料。     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

The Research of Anti-Wear Properties of Organomolybdenum Compounds in the Engine Oils

A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the anti-wear performance of three kinds of organomolybdemun compounds in the engine oils, i. e., molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP), molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate ( MoDTC), and sulphur and phosphorus freeorganomolybdeum (Molybdate). The results indicate that a low concentration of MoDDP doesn' t improve the anti-wear properties of the commercial engine oils, but a high concentration of MoDDP can obviously improve the anti-wear properties and the load-carrying capacity of the engine oils. MoDTC doesn' t improve the antiwear properties of the engine oils, but worsens the anti-wear properties of the oils. Signifi can timprove ment of frictional and wear characteristics is obtained with Molybdate added in the commercial engine oils and the formulated oils.     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

Certification Becomes Important for the I Quality; and Safety Supervision of the Chinese Liquor Sector

The end of 2007, over 200 unit products of more than 80 Chinese firms have passed the quality grade certification for liquor products. These products involve distilled spirits, beer, wine, yellow wine, fruit syrup wine and others, and cover over 80% of the national top-branded liquor products.……     

Deposition and Coating Properties on CVD Tungsten

Surface characterization and microstructure studies are performed on chemical vapor deposited (CVD) tungsten coating. There is about 2 μm thickness diffusion layer of tungsten in the molybdenum substrate. The thermal shock test shows tungsten coating has good adhesion with molybdenum substrate, but the elements of oxygen and carbon in the tungsten coating have the bad affection to the adhesion. The result of high-temperature diffusion experiment is the diffusion rate from molybdenum substrate to tungsten coating is faster.     

Analysis of marine hydrobiont lipid extracts as possible cryoprotective agents

We studied a combined effect of the cryoprotectants both of lipid and carbohydrate origin at the presence of DMSO or without it on cell viability and the RNA synthesis in the embryonic mollusc and echinoderm cell cultures obtained at different developmental stages. Cryoprotective properties of exogenous lipids correlated with their thermotropic behavior. Lipid extracts from marine hydrobiontes, which thermal transitions are characterized by relatively small part of calorimetric thermogram area lying at temperatures above 0 °C (6–18%), were found to possess a considerable cryoprotective activity. The results are discussed in relation to the prediction of the cryoprotective activity of lipid extracts for marine animal cells. In addition, it was found that marine invertebrate cells can be cryopreserved without DMSO at the presence of trehalose and lipid extracts of some marine hydrobiontes.     

Low-Temperature Properties of Silver

Pure silver is used extensively in the preparation of high-temperature superconductor wires, tapes, films, and other configurations in which the silver not only shields the superconducting material from the surrounding materials, but also provides a degree of flexibility and strain relief, as well as stabilization and low-resistance electrical contact. Silver is relatively expensive, but at this stage of superconductor development, its unique combination of properties seems to offer the only reasonable means of achieving usable lengths of conductor. In this role, the low-temperature physical (electrical, thermal, magnetic, optical) and mechanical properties of the silver all become important. Here we present a collection of properties data extracted from the cryogenic literature and, to the extent possible, selected for reliability.     

Early ironwork in Biscay: Survey,excavation, experimentation and materials characterization. An integral study of the mountainside ironworks (ferrerías de monte or “haizeolak”)

ABSTRACT

The production of iron in Biscay (Basque Country, Spain) has been a hallmark of this territory of the North of the Iberian Peninsula throughout its history. The Archaeology team of the Basque Country Mining Museum has spent 13 years, so far, studying the origins of this activity through the evidences left at the old pre-hydraulic iron production workshops known as mountainside ironworks (ferrerías de monte) or haizeolak. It has catalogued 170 archaeometallurgical sites of this type in Biscay, and the archeological excavation of some of them has led to the knowledge of the different stages of the production process that took place in these workshops. The team has also experimentally reproduced the work carried out in a mountainside ironworks from the High Middle Ages, and it has currently started the characterization process of this type of activity through the study of the collected materials.     

Brainstorming for ISO Strategy 2016-2020

正Responding to ISO’s appeal for survey for the to-be-developed ISO Strategy Plan for 2016-2020,SAC hosted a special workshop over the needs and comments of various fi elds on June 8 in Beijing.The workshop was attended by ISO President-elect and Ansteel General Manager Zhang Xiaogang,SAC Vice-Administrator Yu Xinli,and 30 experts from     

CNAS Passes APLAC's PTP Review

正The review group of Asia Pacific Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation(APLAC)carried out a 4-day peer review of the proficiency testing provider(PTP)for China National Accreditation Service for Conformity Assessment(CNAS)from July 28 to 31,2014.CNAS passed the PTP review with excellent performance.Two senior peer reviewers of APLAC made a comprehensive,rigorous and detailed review of CNAS’s PTP accreditation activities,and made the on-spot inspection of the review groups in Shanghai and Shenzhen respectively.