对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯—已内酯共聚酯荧光光谱

研究了对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯－已内酯共聚酯（ＴＣＬ）溶液和本体的荧光光谱。结果表明，此共聚酯的荧光光谱与聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（ＰＥＴ）的荧光光谱有所差别。ＴＣＬ在稀溶液中能形成分子内缔合物。在ＴＣＬ本体同时出现的较强的单分子荧光和缔合物荧光，ＥＴ含量较低的ＴＣＬ在室温下还能观察到较强的磷光谱带。     

PBT／PCET共混体系的研究

本研究工作表明，以在ＰＥＴ分子链中引入少量柔性链分子如对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯、己二酸乙二醇酯等组成的共聚酯（ＰＣＥＴ）与ＰＢＴ共混，相对ＰＢＴ／ＰＥＴ共混体系，ＰＥＴ／ＰＣＥＴ共混体系的结晶度明显提高，即结晶更加完全，且以引入己二酸乙二醇酯效果更好；随共聚酯中ＰＢＴ含量增加，共混体系中ＰＢＴ结晶度一般升高，而ＰＣＥＴ结晶度降低；共混体系即使从熔体以３２０℃／ｍｉｎ快速冷却，其结晶也是完全的。在再升温过     

白色荧光共聚酯PESC-b-PBTT的制备与性能

为了制备白色荧光高分子,通过熔融缩聚方法分别制备了发射蓝色荧光的聚(丁二酸乙二醇-co-丁二酸环己二甲醇酯)(PESC)和发射橙色荧光的、以四氯苝酐修饰的聚(对苯二甲酸丁二醇-co-对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯)(PBTT)2种共聚酯,然后通过扩链反应将2种聚合物连接形成嵌段聚合物PESC-b-PBTT.利用核磁共振仪、荧光分光光度计等表征了共聚酯的化学结构和性能,并探讨了PESC和PBTT的比例对产物荧光性能的影响.结果 表明,通过调控共聚酯中各嵌段的比例可以调控材料的荧光颜色,在PESC质量分数达到85％时,产物发射出了白色荧光.控制结晶温度可以改变共聚酯的结晶度和晶体尺寸,从而改变蓝光单元向橙光单元的能量传递,进而控制白色荧光由白色向冷白色过渡.     

液晶共聚酯酰胺对PET/PA66共混体系的增容作用

将ＰＥＴ、ＰＡ６６和ＬＣ３０进行熔融共混，采用ＳＥＭ、热台偏光显微镜、ＤＳＣ、Ｉｎｓｔｒｏｎ３２１１型毛细管流变仪测定了共混物的形态结构、热行为和流变性能，系统地研究了热致液晶共聚酯酰胺（ＬＣ３０）对聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯（ＰＥＴ）／聚酰胺６６（ＰＡ６６）共混物的增容作用。结果表明，ＬＣ３０对ＰＥＴ／ＰＡ６６共混物的增容作用，有效地改善了ＰＥＴ／ＰＡ６６共混物的形态结构和流变性能，增强了ＰＥＴ链与ＰＡ６６链间的相互作用，使ＰＥＴ／ＰＡ６６共混物的熔点降低，结晶度提高，流变行为由原来的负偏差行为转变为正偏差行为。     

接枝型二氧化硅成核剂的研究

本文重点介绍二氧化硅作为聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（ＰＥＴ）的成核剂，及其合成，表征和成核性能的研究。     

热致液晶共聚酯酰胺／PET共混物的相容性和形态结构

用溶解度参数预测热致液晶共聚酯酰胺（ＰＥＡ）与聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯（ＰＥＴ）共混物的相容性。采用偏光显微镜、扫描电镜研究其形态结构。结果表明：ＰＥＡ／ＰＥＴ共混物虽然在理论上是热力学相容的，但因ＰＥＡ的热致液晶性，从液晶有序相变为各向同性存在热效应，致使理论预测与实验结果产生偏差。ＰＥＡ／ＰＥＴ共混物呈两相结构，当ＰＥＡ含量少时，两相之间具有一定的相容性。共混物熔体在剪切力作用下，液晶相形成取向微纤     

聚硅氧烷接枝乙烯基咔唑、十一烯酸乙酯聚合物的荧光光谱

研究了聚硅氧烷接枝乙烯基咔唑聚合物的氯仿稀溶液的荧光光谱，它在３７０ ｎｍ 处的单生色基团荧光峰的强度随溶液浓度的增加而减弱，当其生色基团的浓度为１．１９３×１０－ ３ ｍ ｏｌ／Ｌ时，除单生色基团荧光峰外，还出现由分子内相邻生色基团生成的激基缔合物峰；而在其固体的荧光光谱中仅出现一很强的激基缔合物荧光峰。顺丁烯二酸酐是聚硅氧烷接枝乙烯基咔唑聚合物稀溶液的有效淬灭剂，其淬灭规律符合Ｓｔｅｒｎ－Ｖｏｌｍ ｅｒ方程。接枝单体乙烯基咔唑、十一烯酸乙酯的摩尔配比为８∶２ 及５∶５ 的聚硅氧烷接枝共聚物的稀溶液荧光光谱中均呈现一单生色基团荧光峰，而它们的固体薄膜的荧光光谱中仅出现一很强的激基缔合物荧光峰，在该类无规接枝共聚物的固体中，激基缔合物可在分子内不相邻生色基团间及分子间、生色基团间生成。     

新型包装材料PEN的开发与应用

ＰＥＮ（聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯,ｐｏｌｙｅｔｈｙｌｅｎｅｎａｐｈｔｈａｌａｔｅ）是一种具有优良气体阻隔性、防水性、抗紫外线性、耐热性、耐化学药品性、耐幅射性等性能的热塑性聚酯。虽然ＰＥＮ早已开发,但因原料及成本等问题直至最近才实现了商业化,从而作为一种新的功能性高分子材料而令人瞩目。它的优良特性也使其成为一种新型包装材料而倍受包装行业的青睐。一、ＰＥＮ的特性ＰＥＮ树脂的结构与ＰＥＴ（聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯）树脂相似,它只是以萘环取代ＰＥＴ分子结构中的苯环。由于萘环刚性更大,从而使ＰＥＮ在耐热性、气体阻…     

PEN在中空容器领域的应用

ＰＥＮ（聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯）是由萘二甲酸与乙二醇缩聚所得到的聚酯，它与ＰＥＴ（聚苯二甲酸乙二醇酯）的区别仅在于聚合物分子链上具有刚性的萘环，与ＰＥＴ相比，ＰＥＮ在机械性能、热性能上都更为优良，同时还具有一些特殊的性能。在ＰＥＴ传统应用领域，如薄膜、纤维及包装材料方面都有十分诱人的市场前景，是ＰＥＴ制品升级换代和提高档次的替代材料，因此受到众多行业的关注［１］。本文从ＰＥＮ的性能出发讨论其在中空容器领域中的应用前景。一、ＰＥＮ的基本性能１．耐热性对于用作中空容器的材料，其耐热性有二个方面，即容器受…     

间苯二甲酸共聚酯的结晶特性

研究了聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（PET）分子链中引入间苯二甲酸（IPA）的无规共聚酯（IPET）的非等温结晶动力学和等温结晶时球晶的生长和形态。结果表明,共聚酯的结晶温度随IPA含量的增加而升高,玻璃化转变温度、熔点随IPA含量的增加而降低;IPA的引入使IPET的结晶速率及球晶生长速率明显降低,但对球晶的形态及生长机理并无明显的影响。     

以ET为柔性间隔基的嵌段热致液晶共聚酯的合成及表征

用溶液缩聚法合成了含柔性间隔基的嵌段热致液共聚酯。由于在TCE／Py溶液中共聚酯溶解度较小及溶液中副反应显著，合成的嵌段共聚酯特性粘度都小于0．30dL/g，DTA和偏光显微镜对嵌段共聚酯的液晶性和相转变研究结果表明，所有嵌段共聚酯都为向列相热致液共聚酯。     

新型阻燃剂-2-羧乙基苯基次膦酸及其阻燃共聚酯的制备、表征及热性能研究(英文)

制备了一种新型的含磷阻燃剂-2-羧乙基苯基次膦酸(CEPPA),并用FTIR、HNMR表征了其结构。当磷含量为0.6wt%时,其阻燃共聚酯的LOI可达29.4%。同时利用DSC、TGA研究了不同磷含量共聚酯的热性能。结果表明,共聚酯的玻璃化转变温度(Tg)、熔点(Tm)、热结晶温度(Tmc)、起始分解温度(Tid)随着磷含量的增加而降低,而冷结晶温度(Tcc)、最大分解速率(Tmax)、燃烧后炭层含量则随之增加。为了更好地解释阻燃剂的阻燃机理,利用FTIR研究了TGA测试后生成炭层的结构,结果表明燃烧后的炭层主要由含磷碎片组成。     

含二苯并-14-冠-4冠醚环主链型液晶共聚酯的设计与合成

以4,4-′(α,ω-亚烷基二酰氧)二联苯甲酰氯(M1)、顺(反)式-4,4′-双(4-羟基苯基偶氮)二苯并-14-冠-4(M2、M3)和1,10-癸二醇(M4)为单体,通过溶液共缩聚反应,合成了两个系列新的含冠醚环的主链型液晶共聚酯。共聚酯的分子量不高。单体的化学结构通过IR、UV-Vis1、H-NMR和元素分析等方法确证。共聚酯的性质采用[η]、DSC、TG、WAXD和POM等方法进行了研究。发现所有的共聚酯加热到各自的熔融温度以上都能形成液晶态,在液晶态可以观察到向列相的丝状织构或纹影织构。共聚酯的熔融温度(Tm)和各向同性温度(Ti)随共聚酯分子中柔性间隔基的改变呈规律性变化。     

Influence of mineral components on laser-induced fluorescence spectra of calcified human heart-valve tissues

Laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) spectra of calcified human heart-valve tissue and LIF spectra of macroscopic calcinosis fragments dissected from human heart valves were compared with LIF spectra of pig myocardium tissues. Excitation was provided by an excimer laser with wavelength lambda = 248 nm. Fluorescence bands that were due to mineral and organic tissue components were identified by measurement of LIF spectra of macroscopic fragments of calcified tissues that had been heat treated at 700 degrees C. The studies showed that LIF spectra of calcified tissues include fluorescence emission from tryptophan, collagen, elastin, and a mineral component of tissue, hydroxylapatite. The observed differences in LIF spectra of normal and calcified tissues with different pathologies may result not only from calcification-induced changes in relative collagen and elastin concentrations but also from additional (absent in normal heart tissue) fluorescence of hydroxylapatite. The calcification-induced changes in the LIF spectra of human heart-valve tissues, characterized by a 330/450 nm ratio, were found to be quite appreciable, which suggests that this ratio can be used with LIF measurements to evaluate the degree of heart-tissue calcification.     

Temperature measurements from first-negative N(2)(+) spectra produced by laser-induced multiphoton ionization and optical breakdown of nitrogen

A 248-nm excimer laser was used to produce ionized nitrogen by the process of multiphoton excitation in gaseous nitrogen at room temperature. First-negative N(2)(+) emission spectra were analyzed to yield rotational temperatures of typically 600 to 1200 K. Rotational Raman scattering of H(2) in gaseous mixtures of N(2) and H(2) was used to determine if laser heating of the gas produced the observed increase in temperature, but the room temperature value of 295 K was inferred from the H(2) Raman data. Therefore the use of N(2)(+) spectra produced by multiphoton excitation at 248 nm does not appear to be acceptable for air-temperature diagnostics. N(2)(+) emission spectra were also recorded subsequent to optical breakdown in air induced by Nd:YAG 1064-nm radiation, and temperatures were determined to be greater than 5000 K in the decaying plasma.     

固相缩聚共聚酯的熔融行为和结晶速率研究

通过固相缩聚合成了两种不同结构的高分子量共聚酯，研究了样品的熔融行为和结晶速率。研究发现，共聚酯的熔融峰随着固相聚合温度和时间的变化而与纯ＰＥＴ有明显的差别，共聚酯泊结晶速率与慢于纯ＰＥＴ的结晶速率。     

含长链烷基芘类衍生物的合成与氧猝灭特性

采用酯化反应,合成了系列芘丁酸烷基酯和烷基酸芘丁酯,用IR和1HNMR表征分子结构,采用荧光分光光度计测定了它们在溶液中的荧光特性.结果表明,芘类衍生物的取代基、键桥对激发波长、发射波长和氧猝灭系数的影响较大,以OOC键结方式的烷基酸芘丁酯具有更高的氧猝灭性能,烷基链长短对荧光强度和氧猝灭系数影响不大.     

Quantitative nondestructive methods for the determination of ticlopidine in tablets using reflectance near-infrared and Fourier transform Raman spectroscopy

Two different nondestructive spectroscopy methods based on near-infrared (NIR) and Fourier transform (FT) Raman spectroscopy were developed for the determination of ticlopidine-hydrochloride (TCL) in pharmaceutical formulations and the results were compared to those obtained by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). An NIR assay was performed by reflectance over the 850-1700 nm region using a partial least squares (PLS) prediction model, while the absolute FT-Raman intensity of TCL's most intense vibration was used for constructing the calibration curve. For both methodologies the spectra were obtained from the as-received film-coated tablets of TCL. The two quantitative techniques were built using five "manual compressed" tablets containing different concentrations and validated by evaluating the calibration model as well as the accuracy and precision. The models were applied to commercial preparations (Ticlid). The results were compared to those obtained from the application of HPLC using the methodology described by "Sanofi Research Department" and were found to be in excellent agreement, proving that NIR, using fiber-optic probes, and FT-Raman spectroscopy can be used for the fast and reliable determination of the major component in pharmaceutical analysis.     

主链型液晶共聚酯的WAXD研究

应用广角Ｘ射线衍射（ＷＡＸＤ）对２，２－以（４羟基苯基）丙烷，１，１０癸二醇与２－甲基－１，４－苯撑双（４氯甲酰）苯甲酸酯的一系列共聚酯进行了研究，发现组成不同时，共聚酯可形成３种不同的晶型，以此解释了其熔点变化的规律。对结晶度 粒尺寸变化的研究表明，晶粒尺寸与熔点的变化规律相一致，而结晶度与组分中刚性链段的增加有关。     

Synthesis and characterization of hydrolytically degradable copolyester biomaterials based on glycolic acid,sebacic acid and ethylene glycol

Copolyesters of glycolic acid (G) combined with sebacic acid (S) and ethylene glycol were synthesized in different molar ratios (G: 0–100% and S: 100–0%) and their hydrolytic degradation was studied and correlated with their structures. Based on the FTIR spectra of the homopolyesters and copolyesters and the normalized peak intensity of the I₂₉₁₈, I₂₈₄₈ and I₁₀₈₇ for the corresponding wavenumbers, it is concluded that the I₂₉₁₈ and the I₂₈₄₈ are in accordance with the mean number degree of polymerization of ethylene sebacate units and the I₁₀₈₇ is in accordance with the mean number degree of polymerization of glycolate units. Based on the XRD diffractograms, poly(ethylene sebacate) and poly(glycolic acid) belong to the monoclinic and the orthorhombic crystal system, respectively and both have higher crystallinity than the copolyesters. The experimental data of the hydrolytic degradation were fitted with exponential rise to maximum type functions using two-parameter model and four-parameter model. Three regions can been distinguished for the hydrolytic degradation by decreasing the molar feed ratio of sebacic acid, which are correlated with the changes of crystallinity. Two copolyesters are proposed: first the copolyester with high amount of glycolate units (S10G90) having higher hydrolytic degradation than G100 and second the copolyester with equal amount of glycolate and ethylene sebacate units (S50G50), having lower hydrolytic degradation than G100. These hydrolytically degradable copolyesters are soluble in common organic solvents, opposite to poly(glycolic acid) and could have perspectives for biomedical applications.