焊接应用——焊接结构与设计

通过选用不同的焊材及不同的焊接参数，对低温材料09MnNiDR进行了一系列的工艺评定试验。指出了影响09MnNiDR焊接接头低温韧性的主要因素，并提出了焊接时应采取的工艺措施。表6     

低温材料09MnNiDR的焊接工艺

通过选用不同的焊材及不同的焊接参数,对低温材料09MnNiDR进行了一系列的工艺评定试验.指出了影响09MnNiDR焊接接头低温韧性的主要因素,并提出了焊接时应采取的工艺措施.     

09MnNiDR钢焊接性能试验

通过对低温贮罐用钢母材和焊接材料的选择及性能分析,确定了09MnNiDR钢焊接工艺,通过抗裂试验、焊接工艺评定、金相组织、焊接返修试验对其工艺进行评定和试验,均能满足09MnNiDR钢焊接性能和技术要求,证明所制订的焊接工艺可行,为设计制造本体材料为9MnNiDR钢的低温压力容器奠定了技术基础。     

-70℃ 09MnNiDR钢制2000m~3乙烯球罐的焊接工艺

通过对09MnNiDR钢化学成分、力学性能的检验、焊接性的理论分析、焊接工艺评定的制定、焊接工艺的实施等方面的试验研究和验证,总结出使用W707DRQ焊条焊接09MnNiDR钢制乙烯球罐的焊接工艺。     

09MnNiDR钢的埋弧焊工艺评定

通过选用不同埋弧焊焊接参数,对09MnNiDR钢进行相应的工艺评定试验。指出了影响09MnNiDR钢埋弧焊接头低温韧性的主要因素,并提出了焊接时应采取的工艺措施。     

国产低温储罐用钢09MnNiDR焊接接头的低温韧性研究

分别对低温储罐用钢09MnNiDR及其焊接接头进行了拉伸、弯曲及低温冲击试验.结果表明,09MnNiDR配合国产焊材W707Ni在焊接工艺合理的情况下完全能代替进口材料,在-70℃下各项数据均符合标准,具有良好的低温韧性.同时也从焊接工艺角度分析了改善接头低温韧性的措施.     

09MnNiDR低温钢机壳的焊接

介绍了09MnNiDR低温钢材料在压缩机焊接机壳上的使用情况。通过对新钢种的工艺评定，编制了合理的工艺规程，使压缩机低温钢焊接机壳获得成功。     

09MnNiDR材料焊接和热处理工艺

通过对09MnNiDR焊接工艺、热处理工艺和热成型工艺进行研究,分析了出影响该钢焊接接头性能和原材料热成型后性能的主要因素,从而确定出09MnNiDR合理的焊接工艺、热处理工艺和热成型工艺。     

LPG储罐用钢09MnNiDR的焊接接头金相分析

通过金相显微镜及其所拍摄的金相照片对LPG低温储罐用钢09MnNiDR焊接接头的微观组织进行金相分析,对09MnNiDR钢在6种不同焊接工艺下的焊接接头进行显微组织观察,研究09MnNiDR钢在不同焊接工艺过程中的结构组织及其变化规律,通过对该钢焊接接头金相组织的观察发现导致强度降低及产生缺陷的原因,并针对具体情况提出改善措施,从而达到通过控制显微组织来改善焊接接头性能的目的.     

09MnNiDR钢20000m^3丙烷常压低温储罐的焊接

1低温储罐结构简介及焊材选用 潮州华丰气库工程包括整套储存、处理、输送液化气的装置和管线，09MnNiDR钢20000m^3丙烷低温储罐的制造、安装是该工程的核心和难点，其设计温度为45℃，A类焊缝（罐壁纵缝）、B类焊缝（罐壁横缝）要求100％X射线探伤，是第一次由国内自己设计，并且全部采用国内钢材和焊接材料制造安装的大型低温储罐。该罐的施工在本公司尚属首次，09MnNiDR钢材和W707Ni焊条也是本公司在施工中首次遇见，因此09MnNiDR钢的焊接成为工程能否顺利进展的关键。     

胫骨生物陶瓷复合材料的微结构增韧机理

扫描电镜观察显示胫骨是一种由羟基磷灰石和胶原蛋白组成的自然生物陶瓷复合材料.羟基磷灰石具有层状的微结构并且平行于骨的表面排列.观察也显示这些羟基磷灰石层又是由许多羟基磷灰石片所组成,这些羟基磷灰石片具有长而薄的形状,也以平行的方式整齐排列.基于在胫骨中观察到的羟基磷灰石片的微结构特征,通过微结构模型分析及实验,研究了羟基磷灰石片平行排列微结构的最大拔出能.结果表明,羟基磷灰石片长而薄的形状以及平行排列方式增加了其最大拔出能,进而提高了骨的断裂韧性.     

Prospects of the Use of Synergetic Approach to Solution of Problems of the Science of Nanomaterials

A synergetic approach to solution of problems of self-controlled synthesis of nanostructures and creation of self-organizing nanotechnologies is considered in connection with the superproblem of creation of materials with functional properties resembling those of biosystems. __________ Translated from Metallovedenie i Termicheskaya Obrabotka Metallov, No. 7, pp. 55 – 61, July, 2005.     

Kinetics of the oxidation of metals — Influence of self-diffusion of metal

The importance of the self-diffusion of a metal during its oxidation by a gas is treated for the cases of nonstoichiometric oxides having either interstitial cation or cation vacancies. We have established a general relationship for the reaction rate when a mixed diffusion process occurs. From this relationship, we have shown that the pressure dependence can be different, according to whether the rate-determining process is the self-diffusion through the metal or through the product.     

Features of formation of the structure in production of blanks of disks of heat-resistant nickel alloys

Conclusions To provide a high level of mechanical properties in wrought blanks of cast ÉP741NP and ÉP962 alloys it is necessary to form controlled structures. A necklace-type structure formed in homogenizing isostatic treatment, subsequent thermomechanical working including alternation of the operations of deformation in the (+)-area and recrystallization anneals, and final heat treatment is preferable. The temperature conditions of all stages of thermomechanical working are strictly controlled, especially the final operation of deformation and heating for hardening. To eliminate hardening cracks and distortions it is necessary to use molten salts at t=600°C as quenchants. The use of multiple production operations makes it possible to significantly reduce the structural inhomogeneity related to inhertance of the original dendritic structure. However, the structure of the final semifinished product is nevertheless characterized by a difference in occurrence of the processes of polygonization and recrystallization between the former dendritic cells and the interdendritic spaces in deformation and heat treatment.To obtain structurally homogeneous blanks for gas turbine engine parts it is necessary to use basically new methods of remelting such as vacuum double electrode remelting and electron beam remelting with an intermediate vessel.Translated from Metallovedenie i Termicheskaya Obrabotka Metallov, No. 12, pp. 25–29, December, 1991.     

Ab-initio calculation of enthalpies of formation of intermetallic compounds and enthalpies of mixing of solid solutions

A large number of ab-initio calculations of energies of formation of intermetallic compounds have been performed in the last 15 years. The currently used methods are listed. The paper presents a review of the aluminium based compounds which have been studied. Comparisons of calculated and experimental enthalpies of formation are provided for aluminim-3d and-4d transition metal alloys at equiatomic composition. The modelling of the enthalpies of mixing of solid solutions based on a given lattice is described.     

试论洋务派教师聘任的思想

洋务派在洋务学堂的办学活动中,为了解决西学专业学科的教学困难,采用了聘请外籍教师的应急措施.他们以真才实学,合同制管理作为主导思想,并认为这种解决师资的途径只是权宜之计,并非久远.从客观上看,洋务派的教师聘任思想有深刻的历史影响.     

面向零件形状的计算机图形库的开发

论述了CAD技术中参数化设计的三种建模方法，重点介绍了基于特征的参数化建模原理。在此基础上，分析机械设计中的机构结构，归纳出其零件的几何特征构成。设计了机构CAD图形库，并提出了该图形库生成步骤和人机交互界面。