磁场、温度对Bi—2223／Ag多芯带Jc的影响

介绍了一套液氮温区Jc（B,T）测量系统,该系统用增大液氮的饱和蒸气压来达到提高液氮温度的目的。用该系统研究了磁场的温度（测量范围分别为0.1T～ 0.8T和77K～90K)对Bi-2223/Ag多芯带材（19芯和37芯）临界电流的影响。     

不同温度下超细晶铜的准静态压缩力学行为

利用电子万能实验机对超细晶铜(UFG-Cu)进行温度范围为77～573 K的准静态压缩实验(应变率为1×10-3s-1),研究温度对材料流动应力和应变硬化行为的影响.结果表明:与退火粗晶铜相比,超细晶铜在压缩过程中的流动应力显著增大,但是由于材料的位错密度已经饱和,其应变硬化能力却几乎丧失,应变硬化率对应变和温度的依赖...     

层错能对冷轧超细晶铜及铜铝合金力学性能的影响(英文)

在液氮温度下(77K)采用冷轧技术制备层错能分别为78、35和7mJ/m2的铜、Cu-2.2%Al和Cu-4.5%Al铜合金。X射线衍射分析表明,冷轧后样品的晶粒尺寸随着层错能的降低而降低,但微观应变、位错密度和孪晶密度则升高。室温拉伸实验表明,随着层错能的降低,铜合金的强度和塑性呈增加,说明降低层错能是一种能够同时提高冷轧铜合金强度和塑性的方法。     

沟槽烧结纤维复合毛细芯多孔材料的拉伸性能研究（英文）

通过烧结铜纤维和微沟槽铜板制造得到了一种具有高孔隙率的新型沟槽烧结纤维复合毛细芯多孔材料。通过对沟槽烧结纤维复合毛细芯多孔材料进行拉伸性能测试,研究了纤维参数和烧结参数对拉伸性能的影响。通过大量的拉伸实验数据得到了沟槽烧结纤维复合毛细芯多孔材料的典型的应力应变图。对于在相同的烧结参数下制造得到的相同质量的沟槽烧结纤维复合毛细芯多孔材料,其抗拉强度随着孔隙率和直径的增加而减少。测试结果表明:当烧结温度低于1083℃时,抗拉强度随着烧结温度和烧结时间的增加而增加。     

TC21钛合金超塑性拉伸变形流变行为

通过恒应变速率超塑性拉伸试验,研究了TC21钛合金在变形温度为1 153~1 193K,应变速率为3.3×10-4~3.3×10-2 s-1条件下的拉伸流变应力行为。计算了TC21钛合金超塑性拉伸变形激活能和相应的应力指数,建立了TC21钛合金应力-应变本构模型,并通过1stopt软件对其进行修正。研究表明,在同一应变速率下,TC21钛合金流变应力随变形温度的升高而减小;在同一变形温度下,流变应力随着应变速率的增大而增大。当应变速率较高,变形温度较低时,动态再结晶为主要软化机制;当应变速率较低,变形温度较高时,加工硬化与软化达到动态平衡,软化机制以动态回复为主;当变形温度为1 153K,应变速率为3.3×10-4 s-1时,TC21钛合金具有较好的超塑性(408.60%);超塑性拉伸变形激活能和应力指数分别为329.20kJ/mol、2.367 7。     

应变速率及温度对GH3230镍基高温合金力学性能的影响（英文）

对航空发动机用新型镍基高温合金GH3230在不同温度和应变速率下进行了高温拉伸-断裂试验,分析了应变速率和温度对该合金高温力学性能的影响。结果表明,随着应变速率的增加和温度的下降,合金的塑性流动应力有所提高,加工硬化指数n下降。从流变应力、应变速率和温度的相关性,得到应变速率敏感系数m是一个独立于温度的常量,并计算出GH3230合金的变形激活能Q=441kJ/mol。GH3230合金的热变形温度在1273 K左右时,合金在变形过程中能够充分再结晶,并得到晶粒细小、均匀的组织。SEM断口分析表明GH3230合金在高温下(1144~1273 K)应变率范围为10~(-3)~10~(-1)s~(-1)时的拉伸断裂都是由损伤引起的韧性断裂,且温度对断口形貌影响不大,但应变速率增大会使韧窝尺寸和深浅变小。     

Effects of Strain Rate and Temperature on Mechanical Property of Nickel-based Superalloy GH3230

对航空发动机用新型镍基高温合金GH3230在不同温度和应变速率下进行了高温拉伸-断裂试验,分析了应变速率和温度对该合金高温力学性能的影响。结果表明,随着应变速率的增加和温度的下降,合金的塑性流动应力有所提高,加工硬化指数下降。从流变应力、应变速率和温度的相关性,得到应变速率敏感系数是一个独立于温度的常量,并计算出GH3230合金的变形激活能=441 kJ/mol。GH3230合金的热变形温度在1273 K左右时,合金在变形过程中能够充分再结晶,并得到晶粒细小、均匀的组织。SEM断口分析表明GH3230合金在高温下（1144~1273 K）应变率范围为10-3~10-1 s-1时的拉伸断裂都是由损伤引起的韧性断裂,且温度对断口形貌影响不大,但应变速率增大会使韧窝尺寸和深浅变小。     

沟槽烧结纤维复合毛细芯多孔材料的拉伸性能研究

通过烧结铜纤维和微沟槽铜板制造得到了一种具有高孔隙率的新型沟槽烧结纤维复合毛细芯多孔材料。通过对沟槽烧结纤维复合毛细芯多孔材料进行拉伸性能测试,研究了纤维参数和烧结参数对拉伸性能的影响。通过大量的拉伸实验数据得到了沟槽烧结纤维复合毛细芯多孔材料的典型的应力应变图。对于在相同的烧结参数下制造得到的相同质量的沟槽烧结纤维复合毛细芯多孔材料,其抗拉强度随着孔隙率和直径的增加而减少。     

AZ31B镁合金铸轧板温热拉伸流变行为研究

由于短流程、低能耗的铸轧镁合金板材生产技术的突破,镁合金铸轧产品深加工必将成为镁合金材料应用的一个新的重要趋势。为研究AZ31铸轧镁合金板材的成形性能,通过温热力学拉伸试验得到了在应变速率为0.001~1.000s-1,变形温度为473~623K条件下的力学性能。研究发现,铸轧镁合金在变形温度为573~623K高温区,低应变速率时流变应力呈幂指数关系;而在变形温度低于573K,高应变速率时流变应力呈指数关系。微观组织分析发现,变形过程中发生动态再结晶,且晶粒尺寸随变形温度的升高而减小。     

工业纯钛中低温蠕变的等时应力应变曲线

根据工业纯钛TA2在服役温度范围内(室温、353 K、423 K)的拉伸实验和蠕变实验获得了工业纯钛的拉伸应力应变曲线和蠕变曲线。由中低温蠕变实验数据发现工业纯钛在服役温度范围内会产生显著的蠕变现象,蠕变特征会随温度发生变化。随后,分别建立了工业纯钛在各温度下的弹塑性拉伸本构方程和蠕变本构方程。综合拉伸和蠕变本构方程建立了工业纯钛在服役温度范围内的等时应力应变曲线。等时应力应变曲线显著低于拉伸曲线,并且存在寿命相关性,随着寿命要求的提高等时应力应变曲线不断下降。值得注意的是在不同的温度下等时应力应变曲线随寿命要求的变化规律存在显著差别。根据等时应力应变曲线、结构允许的极限应变和结构设计寿命,本研究提出了工业纯钛与时间相关的许用应力曲线。     

不完全再结晶Fe40Mn10Cr25Ni25高熵合金的室温及低温力学性能

采用冷轧和退火热处理工艺制备了不完全再结晶结构的Fe₄₀Mn₁₀Cr₂₅Ni₂₅高熵合金,分析了合金的室温(298 K)及低温(77 K)拉伸时的力学性能。结果表明,合金具有优良的室温及低温力学性能,合金在低温拉伸时强度和塑性均得到了提高,其室温强度和断后伸长率分别为880 MPa和18%,低温强度和断后伸长率分别为1360 MPa和36%。合金在室温变形以位错滑移为主,低温变形以位错滑移和孪生为主。室温拉伸时,粗晶晶粒先于细晶晶粒变形,导致试样内部产生了应变梯度,提高了合金的加工硬化率,使合金在室温下具有良好的强塑性。低温拉伸时,粗晶晶粒中形成了大量的变形孪晶,从而提高了合金的低温力学性能。     

传导冷却无绝缘高温超导二极磁体的研制

本文研制了一台中心磁场为1.5T的传导冷却型的无绝缘高温超导二极磁体,它主要由常温铁芯、高温超导双饼线圈以及低温恒温器等组成。铁芯的极头采用圆柱形结构,极头之间的距离为120mm。其中,每个线圈匝数为176匝,磁体的运行电流为286A。线圈冷体由一台GM制冷机进行冷却,运行温度小于20K。本文主要介绍高温超导磁体的设计以及所使用高温超导带材的载流性能,并对无绝缘线圈在装入铁芯前和装入铁芯后的充电和放电特性进行了测试研究。通过测试得到了该磁体充电延迟时间常数,并且测试结果表明,在励磁电流为286A时,中心磁场强度达到了设计要求。     

Internal friction of Cu–CuAlO alloys

Polycrystalline internal oxidize copper alloy with CuAlO particles has been studied by isothermal mechanical spectrometry, above room temperature. The frequency range was 10⁻⁴ to 30 Hz and the maximum strain 2×10⁻⁵. Experiments were carried out on a sample after 18% cold-rolling and successive annealings at various temperatures. The internal friction spectra obtained between 290 and 400 K exhibit only a low frequency background superimposed to a non thermally activated maximum. After annealing at 400 K, the background decreases, a relaxation peak appears and its maximum rises progressively as temperature increases. The relaxation parameters, obtained from the frequency shift of the maximum with temperature, leads to E_a=0.9 eV, and τ₀=6.9×10⁻¹⁰ s. These values are similar to those described in the literature for a relaxation peak assigned to dislocation motion inside grains.     

XPS study of Pr1−xCaxMnO3 (x = 0.2, 0.33, 0.4 and 0.84)

We have studied the Mn 2p, Ca 2p, and Pr 4d core levels of Pr_1-xCa_xMnO₃ (x = 0.2, 0.33, 0.4 and 0.84) as a function of x using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy both at room temperature as well as 77 K. Suppression of chemical potential shifts have been observed at 77 K compared to that of room temperature spectra. We have discussed this result by considering the concept of phase separation.     

Twinning induced plasticity in commercially pure titanium at low temperature

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Mechanical Properties and Deformation Mechanisms of Mg-Gd-Y-Zr Alloy at Cryogenic and Elevated Temperatures

In this study, mechanical properties and deformation mechanisms of Mg-Gd-Y-Zr alloy at temperatures ranging from 77 K to 523 K have been investigated. The effects of temperature on the mechanical properties, deformation mechanism, and fracture mechanism are discussed. The results show that the strengths of alloy decrease gradually while the elongations increase progressively with increasing temperature. The maximum ultimate tensile strength of the alloy as high as 442 MPa is obtained at 77 K. As the temperature increases from 77 K to 523 K, the ultimate tensile strength of the alloy decreases from 442 MPa to 254 MPa and the elongations increase from 6.3% to 28.9% gradually. The study verifies that the deformation at 77 K is predominated by basal slip and \({{\left\{ {10\bar{1}2} \right\}} \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {{\left\{ {10\bar{1}2} \right\}} {\left\langle {10\bar{1}1} \right\rangle }}} \right. \kern-0pt} {\left\langle {10\bar{1}1} \right\rangle }}\) deformation twinning system. At 223 K, lots of twins emerge primarily at grain boundaries. At 373 K, all dislocations are proved to be 〈a〉 dislocations. At 523 K, although basal slip is still the dominant deformation mechanism, non-basal slip systems also become activate.     

Preparation of semi-solid billet of magnesium alloy and its thixoforming

Preparation of semi-solid billet of magnesium alloy and thixoforming was investigated by applying equal channel angularextrusion to magnesium alloy.The results show that mechanical properties of AZ91D alloy at room temperature,such as yieldstrength(YS),ultimate tensile strength(UTS)and elongation,are enhanced greatly by four-pass equal channel angularextrusion(ECAE)at 573 K and microstructure of AZ91D alloy is refined to the average grain size of 20μm.Through using ECAE asstrain induced step in SIMA and completing melt activated step by semi-solid isothermal treatment,semi-solid billet with finespheroidal grains of 25μm can be prepared successfully.Compared with common SIMA,thixoformed satellite angle framecomponents using semi-solid billet prepared by new SIMA have higher mechanical properties at room temperature and hightemperature of 373 K.     

一种Al-Li-Zn-Zr合金在室温与低温下的反常拉伸断裂行为SCIEI

本文研究了一种Al-Li-Zn-Zr合金从室温到77K范围内的拉伸性能与断裂行为,结果表明,随实验温度的降低,合金的拉伸极限强度与延伸率均提高,屈服强度基本不变;合金在室温时为明显的穿晶断裂,而77K则主要为沿晶断裂形式;断口附近室温及低温下的变形模式基本相同,但室温时断裂主要与平面滑移有关,而低温时平面滑移倾向大大减弱,此时合金的断裂与位错和晶界的交互作用有关。     

Invar36合金搅拌摩擦焊焊缝的低温韧性

为了研究Invar36合金搅拌摩擦焊焊缝的低温韧性,采用小冲杆试验方法（small punch test）对焊接速度2mm／s,搅拌头旋转频率200一1000r／min的Invar36合金焊缝进行低温（77K）和室温（298K）韧性测试．298K下,所有焊接工艺的焊缝小冲杆试验能均高于母材,焊缝韧性随搅拌头旋转频率的提...     

Enhancing room temperature mechanical properties of Mg–9Al–Zn alloy by multi-pass equal channel angular extrusion

Influence of equal channel angular extrusion on room temperature mechanical properties of cast Mg–9Al–Zn alloy was investigated. The results show that room temperature mechanical properties of Mg–9Al–Zn alloy, such as yield strength, ultimate tensile strength and elongation, can be improved heavily by equal channel angular extrusion. Processing routes, processing temperature and extrusion passes have important influence on room temperature mechanical properties of processed Mg–9Al–Zn alloy by equal channel angular extrusion. The optimum room temperature mechanical properties such as yield strength of 209 MPa, ultimate tensile strength of 339 MPa and elongation of 14.1%, can be obtained when Mg–9Al–Zn alloy was processed by equal channel angular extrusion for 6 passes at route B_C at 498 K. Large bulk materials of Mg–9Al–Zn alloy with average grain size of 4 μm and high mechanical properties can be prepared.