唐山4000t/d大豆压榨工艺和设备特点

唐山4000 t/d大豆压榨项目由鲁奇总包设备。在设计和设备选型中总结了国内压榨厂在压榨中的经验和教训,针对国储大豆的特点,选取两道破碎脱皮工艺;在预处理工艺中选择成熟的国产设备,在浸出工艺中的蒸发系统增加1台油脂干燥器,对浸出器和DT、DC结构进行调整,一蒸和二蒸面积比为8.2∶1。试生产结果:电耗25.3 k W·h/t,汽耗255 kg/t,溶耗0.65 kg/t,豆粕残溶245 mg/kg,豆粕水分12.96%~13.08%,分级豆粕色浅且散发香味,浸出毛油含溶25 mg/kg,脱胶油含溶7 mg/kg,浓缩磷脂含水小于0.25%,丙酮不溶物66%~68%,设备故障率低。     

玉米胚芽饼负压蒸发浸出工艺生产实践

介绍了300 t/d玉米胚芽饼负压蒸发浸出工艺,并对各工序的操作要点、设备配置及注意问题进行了说明。实践表明,采用该工艺可使浸出车间溶剂消耗≤2.5 kg/t饼,电耗≤15 kW.h/t饼(含室外设备),蒸汽消耗≤280 kg/t饼。     

太仓市天顺油脂设备有限公司

<正>天顺油脂设备公司业务范围:10~1000 t/d油料预处理、预榨成套设备;10~600 t/d油料浸出成套设备;1~400 t/d油脂间歇、半连续、全连续精炼成套设备;30~400 t/d地沟油、泔水油生产生物柴油成套设备;20~400 t/d节能型填料式油脂连续脱溶成套设备;海洋鱼油及各种动物油脂精炼工艺技术设计及成套设备;油茶籽、亚麻籽、水飞蓟籽等特种油脂精炼工艺成套设备;油脂冬化脱脂和脱蜡的工艺成套设备;     

蓖麻油的制取与精炼

本文从实际生产的情况,详细阐述了蓖麻籽的预处理、蒸炒,压榨和油渣分离的方法。对120t/d预榨—浸出工艺及100t/d冷榨—浸出工艺和参教控制做了系统的介绍,阐述了国际1号蓖麻油,PP级蓖麻油的中和脱色操作方法及各种蓖麻油的成品指标。     

负压蒸发二次蒸汽利用工艺节能效果的理论分析

本文简介了负压蒸发、二次蒸汽利用工艺流程,分析了主要工艺特点,并以300t/d大豆坯直接浸出为例,设定了主要工艺参数,分别计算了负压蒸发与常压蒸发工艺的蒸汽消耗,得出,负压蒸发二次蒸汽利用工艺可节约蒸汽1196kg/h、节约冷却水120t/h,每年可节约操作成本20万元,并可得到高质量的浸出毛油。     

提高大豆一次浸出出油率的技改探索

介绍了大豆一次浸出生产线的一系列工艺和设备的技术改造,重点介绍了几项技术革新:卧式滚筒软化机的设计与改进,浸出器喷头的结构设计.从清理到出油、出粕,应用国内外技术含量高的新工艺、新设备,对旧生产线进行全面改造,可将70～80 t/d处理量提高到150～160 t/d.强化了各工序的工艺效果,大幅度降低了生产成本,提高了企业经济效益.大豆一次浸出,全年粕残油平均在0.7%以下.     

1 800 t/d大豆一次浸出工艺设计与实践

通过1 800 t/d大豆一次浸出工艺实践,简要介绍了大豆一次浸出工艺过程,对其中的关键设备浸出器、DTDC等结构及工艺参数进行了说明,并对其他配套装置如泵类、配电及自动控制等配置作了描述.选择的工艺和设备投资少,是全进口设备投资的30%～40%.     

国内主要生产厂家的产品介绍

武汉皇冠友谊油脂工程公司自从1948年建造第一座浸出油厂至今,皇冠友谊公司已在世界各地建造了1000多座浸出油厂(包括皇冠公司、友谊公司原建厂在内),浸出工程能力从300t/d到12000t/d,其中最大单机浸出能力已达12000t/d,具世界领先水平,且溶剂消耗指标极低。皇冠友谊公司本着一贯的开创精神,不断推陈出新,采用一系列的先进技术,优化设计,研究开发的浸出新工艺和新设备,性能先进、高效、经济、安全、可靠、优质环保。在提升浸出器单机的产量、节能、降低溶剂消耗;提高浸出器、浸出车间的安全性;使浸出器和整厂操作及维修更加简便,零废水排放…     

节能器在油脂常压浸出工艺中的效益分析

本文就油脂常压浸出工艺中应用节能器系统与目前国内常用的常压无节能器系统进行了综合性效益分析。结果表明,以50t/d预榨饼(或30t/d大豆一次浸出)的浸出车间,年生产250天计,应用节能器每年可节约资金1.43万元,并且可节省设备一次性投资1.74万元。     

醇法制备大豆浓缩蛋白大型智能化成套装备技术开发及产业化

介绍了一种醇法制备大豆浓缩蛋白的技术装备。提出预混器和箱链式浸出器组合浸出,提高萃取效率,增大单机处理量,达到6万t/年,解决了单机装备大型化问题;采用挤压机、卧式圆盘干燥机和立式脱溶干燥机组合脱溶,提高了脱溶能力;混合液采用多效蒸发和浓缩组合蒸发,节约了能源,蒸汽消耗降至960 kg/t;尾气采用水吸收工艺等一系列降低乙醇消耗的工艺技术,乙醇消耗降至4 kg/t;采用全过程能量综合平衡技术,节约了能源;副产品糖浆喷涂豆皮,解决了糖浆综合利用问题;采用全过程智能控制,提高了生产的安全性和稳定性。     

环型刮板输送机关键技术

环型刮板输送机可对多台轧坯机均匀供料,被越来越多地应用于大豆压榨厂。对环型刮板输送机本体、张紧装置和驱动装置的设计进行了介绍。环型刮板输送机本体由2个长输送段和2个短输送段及弯曲段组成,要求刮板链和筒体材质具有高耐磨和焊接功能,筒体溜槽内壁三面0°无缝平整对接。在驱动装置中选择40CrMoA钢制造链轮,提高链轮的耐磨程度。在2个平行长直段上分别安装张紧装置。     

膨化机入料绞龙的技术改造与应用

在油料预处理工段,膨化技术已成熟,在大豆、菜籽、棉籽、米糠等油料的加工中均有应用,在提高产量和出油率的同时降低了能耗。保持膨化机稳定工作的重要前提就是保证膨化机入料的稳定,通过对膨化机生产中的常见问题进行分析,对入料绞龙进行改造优化,经实践应用,膨化机生产的稳定性得到很大提高。     

大豆豆脐油脂品质特性的研究

为促进大豆豆脐资源的高效利用、延长大豆加工产业链,本文以大豆加工副产物——大豆豆脐为原料,采用超声辅助溶剂浸提法提取油脂,研究豆脐油脂的品质特性。结果表明：以石油醚为萃取溶剂,所得豆脐油脂酸价、过氧化值、总酚含量、角鲨烯含量、生育酚含量、植物甾醇含量分别为2.10 mgKOH/g油、0.026 g/100g、7.72 mg GAE/kg、87.63 mg/kg、4.44 mg/g、43.03 g/kg,其中,角鲨烯、生育酚和植物甾醇含量分别约为大豆油的3倍、4倍和34倍;豆脐油脂中亚麻酸含量高达22.2%,约为大豆油的2~5倍;豆脐油脂的主要甘油三酯及含量分别为LLLn(17.89%)、LLL(13.12%)、PLL(11.85%)、PLLn(11.36%)、LLnLn(9.66%)。通过对豆脐油脂品质特性分析,以期为大豆豆脐综合开发利用提供数据支撑。     

超声波辅助提取大豆油中豆甾醇工艺条件研究

以乙酸乙酯为提取剂,以大豆油为原料,采用超声波辅助提取大豆油中的豆甾醇,在单因素实验的基础上,通过正交试验L9(34)对提取工艺进行了优化,结果表明,超声辅助提取大豆油中豆甾醇最佳工艺条件为:超声温度50℃、超声时间40min和液料比19mL/g。在此最优条件下,豆甾醇的提取率最高,可达到34.15%。     

经济发展、城镇化与中国大豆需求增长

大豆消费迅猛增长是近年来中国农业发展中一个引人注目的问题。在识别大豆消费结构变化对需求增长影响的基础上,定量分析了宏观经济变量对大豆消费的影响,并模拟了中国大豆需求可能的增长趋势。研究表明,中国正由直接食用大豆向间接消费转变。压榨需求增长是消费快速扩张的主要原因。家庭豆油消费是拉动压榨需求增长的原因,但其重要性下降。经济增长与城镇化率都与大豆消费正相关,但作用程度有所不同。未来一段时间大豆需求仍将持续快速增长,但增长速度逐步减缓。     

大豆油压榨企业降低蒸汽消耗的措施与实践

降低蒸汽消耗可以降低大豆油压榨企业的生产成本。以5 000 t/d大豆加工厂为例,从技术改造以及精细化管理方面介绍了降低蒸汽消耗的措施。技术改造措施包括将原浸出线的蒸汽喷射泵改为液环式真空泵、层碟式汽提塔改为筛板式汽提塔、浸出器沥干段栅格板间隙从0.4 mm增加为1.2 mm,对DC蒸脱机首层排放的废气、汽提塔二次蒸汽以及蒸汽凝结水的热量进行回收利用。精细化管理措施包括加强设备精细化控制、完善必需的计量设备、强化员工操作控制水平及KPI绩效考核管理。通过以上措施,可节省蒸汽约45 kg/t（以原料计）。     

Effect of Pre-Treatments on Mechanical Oil Expression of Soybean Using a Commercial Oil Expeller

The effect of expeller screw press and pre-treatments on the quality and quantity of soybean oil and cake was studied using a commercial oil expeller. The pretreatments included whole soybean crushing, soy grits crushing, and crushing of soy grits extruded at 135°C. The screw speeds were 28, 35, and 45 rpm. The moisture content of soybean used in the experiment was 10% wet basis. The average capacity of the oil expeller was found to be 145 kg/h, 110 kg/h, and 120 kg/h for whole, grits, and extrudate, respectively at 45 rpm. The average capacity of oil expression from whole soybean did not vary significantly from 28 to 45 rpm. In the case of soy grits, however, the capacity was higher when the expeller speed was lowest, i.e., 28 rpm. In the case of extrudate, even in a single pass, the recovery was higher, i.e., to 71% at both 45 and 35 rpm. The color of oil from soy grits was lighter followed by extrudate, and the color of oil obtained from whole soybean was dark. The FFA in oil from all the samples was below 1%, however the lowest percentage was for oil obtained from extrudate at 0.5%. The urease activity of the extruded cake was 0.15 pH units, and the protein and oil content were about 48% and 5%, respectively. The optimum process variables for mechanical expelling of soybean were found to be extrusion as a pretreatment and speed of expeller screw at 45 rpm, which yielded throughput capacity 103 kg/h, oil recovery of 70.5%, and urease activity of the cake at 0.15.     

Detection of DNA in soybean oil

 The presence of DNA in foodstuffs which are, or contain, genetically modified organisms (GMO) is the basic requirement for labelling of GMO food in Switzerland and is also being discussed as a requirement for labelling in the European Union. The present work presents data indicating that no genetic material can be recovered after the first processing steps of soybean oil, i.e. when crude soybean oil is simply centrifuged. This fact is of some relevance because centrifugation is one of the first steps in industrial oil processing. A nested PCR system utilising a single copy gene (lectin 1) showed that centrifugation purified the oil from the genetic material by at least a factor of 10 000. The same results were observed when industrially processed oil fractions were analysed. Thus, with respect to the presence of DNA, soybean oil from GMO soybeans is identical to traditional oil and does not need to be labelled as a GMO product in Switzerland. Received: 21 January 1998 / Revised version: 30 March 1998     

Detection of DNA in soybean oil

 The presence of DNA in foodstuffs which are, or contain, genetically modified organisms (GMO) is the basic requirement for labelling of GMO food in Switzerland and is also being discussed as a requirement for labelling in the European Union. The present work presents data indicating that no genetic material can be recovered after the first processing steps of soybean oil, i.e. when crude soybean oil is simply centrifuged. This fact is of some relevance because centrifugation is one of the first steps in industrial oil processing. A nested PCR system utilising a single copy gene (lectin 1) showed that centrifugation purified the oil from the genetic material by at least a factor of 10 000. The same results were observed when industrially processed oil fractions were analysed. Thus, with respect to the presence of DNA, soybean oil from GMO soybeans is identical to traditional oil and does not need to be labelled as a GMO product in Switzerland. Received: 21 January 1998 / Revised version: 30 March 1998     

提取方法对大豆油脂体组成及氧化稳定性的影响

以大豆为原料,比较缓冲溶液法、水相法和酶法3种提取方法对大豆油脂体提取率、组成、脂肪酸组成、磷脂、生育酚、ζ-电势和粒径的影响,以及对大豆油脂体氧化稳定性的影响。试验结果表明,酶法提取大豆油脂体的提取率(19.74±0.14)%显著高于缓冲溶液法(12.76±0.14)%和水相法(6.67±0.32)%的提取率(P<0.05);不同方法提取的大豆油脂体组成、脂肪酸组成、磷脂和生育酚含量、ζ-电势和粒径均存在显著性差异(P<0.05)。控制贮藏温度60℃,贮藏第0天时,用缓冲溶液法、酶法和水相法提取的大豆油脂体的过氧化值分别为(1.67±0.14),(1.84±0.10),(1.64±0.00)μg/mL,无显著性差异(P>0.05);水相法提取的油脂体的硫代巴比妥酸值(TBARS)为(1.14±0.01)μg/mL,显著高于酶法(1.02±0.02)μg/mL和缓冲溶液法(1.09±0.02)μg/mL(P<0.05);缓冲溶液法大豆油脂体TBARS显著高于酶提取法(P<0.05);酶法提取的油脂体的酸价(0.71±0.02)μg/mL显著低于水相法(0.96±0.13)μg/mL和缓冲溶液法(0.93±0.09)μg/mL(P<0.05);水相法和缓冲溶液法无显著差异(P>0.05)。不同提取方法获得的大豆油脂体在组成和理化性质上均存在显著差异(P<0.05),由酶法提取的大豆油脂体提取率和脂肪含量最高且稳定性最好。