姜汁凝乳的研究和展望

以牛乳和生姜为主要原料,利用姜汁中的某些成分促使牛乳凝固,便制得姜汁凝乳.就牛乳中酪蛋白的成分和结构进行阐述,并探讨了姜汁凝乳的机理.通过实验研究可知,生姜汁具有使牛乳凝固作用,这就为生姜的综合利用和皱胃酶替代物的研发提供了重要的依据.     

银耳多糖的提取、分离、纯化及其功能性质研究

本实验研究了银耳多糖的提取、分离、纯化及其功能性质.结果表明,酶法浸提效果优于碱浸提法,酶法提取银耳多糖溶液的最适条件为:料水比1∶60,加入0.7%的果胶酶,酶解50min,浸提时间60min;银耳多糖通过DEAE-Sepharose Fast Flow和SephadexG-200柱层析后可得到纯度较高的TPP2多糖.TPP2具有极强的清除DPPH·的活性,DPPH·清除一半时的TPP2浓度为55μg/m(IC50).     

西餐中的"黑色黄金"——鱼子酱

(接上期续) 据说鱼子酱的食用,一开始的时候是由于它的催情作用被伊朗皇帝所喜爱,后来法国国王路易十四发现了这种气质高贵的食物,于是乎鱼子酱在法国皇室中也流行起来,将鱼子酱抹在法国白面包或者圆饼干上,再配上优雅的香槟,这是只有在法国国王的餐桌上才有的美食.当这种吃法传到俄罗斯后,俄国皇室便疯狂地爱上了鱼子酱,以至于俄罗斯的鱼子酱曾经一度是鱼子酱中最高品质的代表.     

和记小菜的鱼虾之道

金丝怪味大虾 原料:大虾10只. 辅料:红薯250克,香菜10克,芹菜5克,球生菜250克,玫瑰花瓣10片. 调料:豆瓣酱10克,花生酱15克,青芥末5克,芝麻,自制红油3克,鲜鸡精5克,冰糖水3克,醋2克,花椒油2克,生抽5克,白芝麻3克,老作坊香油5克,生姜5克.料酒3克,胡椒粉1克,清油250克.     

中国葡萄酒落户巴黎展厅

我的一位同学是化工专家,由于他公司生产的产品质量好,效益显著,不仅在国内畅销,且出口美国、日本、韩国、西德、澳大利亚.因此经常有机会出国考察、谈生意.     

中国商业联合会白酒技术协作组一届四次会议工作报告

尊敬的各位领导、白酒专家、企业代表、新闻界朋友们:上午好!我受中国商业联合会白酒技术协作组的委托,向大会做一年来的工作报告。2006年是我国国民经济持续、稳定、快速发展的一年,也是我国白酒行业积极创新、健康发展的一年。在这一年中,全行业取得了较好的成绩,经济效益创造了近20年来的最好水平。自去年重庆万州诗仙太白一届三次会议以来,协作组在中国商业联合会的领导下、在各级领导和社会各界朋友们的关怀下,充分发挥协作     

浅析印刷防伪技术的应用

随着市场经济的发展,人们的意识形态也在发生着变化.在巨额利益的诱惑下,一些不法分子铤而走险,利用先进的印刷技术对假冒名优商品的外包装进行复制,骗过人们的眼睛,侵害人们的合法权益,还要非法印制国家名片--人民币.     

加强木材工业环境治理促进木工机械发展

随着木材工业的快速发展,各种污染环境的公害相应产生,严重地破坏了环境,危及了人们的身体健康,同时,也困扰着木材工业和木工机械的发展,采取各种措施加强对环境治理已到了刻不容缓的地步.     

我国"一五"期间建设的四家大型印染厂

[编者按] 我国是世界第一纺织大国,纤维加工能力几近全球一半.但在半个世纪前,人民买布做衣要凭布票,限量供应.为了解决全国人民的穿衣问题,国家决定兴建年产亿米的大型印染厂.老一辈印染专家不畏惧艰难,不迷信教条,在建国初期极其困难的条件下建立了四家大型印染厂.回顾这一段历史,对于今天我们要把纺织大国变成纺织强国,是很有意义的.     

比利时海关查获一批美国假冒香槟酒

2008年1月8日,比利时海关查获并销毁了3200多瓶André起泡酒.据悉,这批葡萄酒由加州E.& J.Gallo Winery葡萄酒厂生产,贴有"加州香槟(California Champagne)"和"André香槟酒庄(André Champagne Cellars)"的标签,违反了欧盟条例有关禁止在法国香槟产区之外的葡萄酒上使用"香槟"商标的规定.     

Textural Properties of Cold-set Gels Induced from Heat-denatured Whey Protein Isolates

A 9% whey protein (WP) isolate solution at pH 7.0 was heat-denatured at 80°C for 30 min. Size-exclusion HPLC showed that native WP formed soluble aggregates after heat-treatment. Additions of CaCl2 (10–40 mM), NaCl (50–400 mM) or glucono-delta-lactone (GDL, 0.4–2.0%, w/v) or hydrolysis by a protease from Bacillus licheniformis caused gelation of the denatured solution at 45°C. Textural parameters, hardness, adhesiveness, and cohesiveness of the gels so formed changed markedly with concentration of added salts or pH by added GDL. Maximum gel hardness occurred at 200 mM NaCl or pH 4.7. Increasing CaCl2 concentration continuously increased gel hardness. Generally, GDL-induced gels were harder than salt-induced gels, and much harder than the protease-induced gel.     

Occurrence of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in fish canned in oil

The levels of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) were quantified as part of a European survey on the migration of residues of epoxy resins into oil from canned fish. The contents of BFDGE in cans, lids and fish collected from all 15 Member States of the European Union and Switzerland were analysed in 382 samples. Cans and lids were separately extracted with acetonitrile. The extraction from fish was carried out with hexane followed by re-extraction with acetonitrile. The analysis was performed by reverse phase HPL C with fluorescence detection. BFDGE could be detected in 12% of the fish, 24% of the cans and 18% of the lids. Only 3% of the fish contained BFDGE in concentrations considerably above 1mg/kg. In addition to the presented data, a comparison was made with the levels of BADGE (bisphenol-A-diglycidyl ether)analysed in the same products in the context of a previous study.     

Contribution of European research to risk analysis

The European Commission's, Quality of Life Research Programme, Key Action 1—Health, Food & Nutrition is mission-oriented and aims, amongst other things, at providing a healthy, safe and high-quality food supply leading to reinforced consumer confidence in the safety of European food. Its objectives also include the enhancing of the competitiveness of the European food supply. Key Action 1 is currently supporting a number of different types of European collaborative projects in the area of risk analysis. The objectives of these projects range from the development and validation of prevention strategies including the reduction of consumers risks; development and validation of new modelling approaches; harmonization of risk assessment principles, methodologies, and terminology; standardization of methods and systems used for the safety evaluation of transgenic food; providing of tools for the evaluation of human viral contamination of shellfish and quality control; new methodologies for assessing the potential of unintended effects of genetically modified (genetically modified) foods; development of a risk assessment model for Cryptosporidium parvum related to the food and water industries; to the development of a communication platform for genetically modified organism, producers, retailers, regulatory authorities and consumer groups to improve safety assessment procedures, risk management strategies and risk communication; development and validation of new methods for safety testing of transgenic food; evaluation of the safety and efficacy of iron supplementation in pregnant women; evaluation of the potential cancer-preventing activity of pro- and pre-biotic ('synbiotic') combinations in human volunteers. An overview of these projects is presented here.     

低温带皮菜籽粕微粉的不同粒级部分的功能特性

为研究低温带皮菜籽粕微粉的不同粒级部分的功能特性,以经低温脱脂的带皮菜籽粕为原料,经微粉碎后筛分成212~425μm、150~212μm和106~150μm的3个不同粒级的微粉样品,检测这些样品的吸水性、吸油性、乳化性和乳化稳定性、蛋白质体外消化率。结果表明:1 3个不同粒级的微粉样品之间的粗纤维含量存在显著差异,表明三者的结构组成成分有一定差异。23个微粉样品的乳化活性和乳化稳定性随粒度级别的减小而显著增加(P0.01)。33个微粉样品的蛋白质体外消化率随粒度级别的减小而显著增加(P0.01)。4不同粒级带皮菜籽粕微粉样品的吸水性与吸油性受其结构组成物质不同和粒度的双重影响,与粒度的相关性不明显。     

Microbiology of food taints

Fresh and processed foods are often spoilt by the presence of undesirable flavours and odours caused by microbial action. The aim of this paper is to review the current knowledge of microbiologically induced taints that occur in a wide range of foodstuffs, including meats, poultry, fish, crustaceans, milk, dairy products, fruits, vegetables, cereals and cereal products. Examples have been chosen where the compounds responsible for the taint have been identified and sufficient data obtained to demonstrate the involvement of microorganisms. However, in some cases the full identity of the causative organism may not have been elucidated. The types of microorganisms covered by this review include bacteria, fungi, yeasts, actinomycetes and cyanobacteria. Although cyanobacteria do not in general infect foods, their presence in aqueous systems and water supplies can lead to off-flavours in aquatic organisms and processed foodstuffs. Several examples of each of these processes are discussed. Wherever possible, the likely biosynthetic pathway used by the microorganism to produce the offending compound in a foodstuff is indicated.     

Analysis for organic residues from aids to polymerization used to make plastics intended for food contact

Polymers intended for food contact use have been analysed for organic residues which could be attributed to a range of substances employed as polymerization aids (e.g. initiators and catalysts). A wide range of polymers was extracted with solvents and the extracts analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The overwhelming majority of substances identified were not derived from aids to polymerization but were oligomers, additives and adventitious contaminants. However, a small number of substances were identified as initiator residues. These included tetramethylsuccinonitrile (TMSN) which was observed in two polymers and it derived from recombination of two azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) initiator radicals. Methyl benzoate, benzoic acid, biphenyl and phenyl benzoate were detected in one poly(methyl methacrylate) sample and in two polyvinylchlorides and they are thought to be derived from benzoyl peroxide initiator. TMSN was subsequently targeted for analysis of poly-(methyl methacrylate) plastics using proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry (¹     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part II: Medium molecular weight permeants

Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of different medium molecular weight model permeants: bisphenol A, warfarin and anthracene, from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 microns-thick orientated polypropylene--OPP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. The characterization of permeation kinetics generally observed the permeation models previously reported to explain the experimental permeation results obtained for a low molecular weight group of model permeants. In general, the model permeants exhibited behaviour consistent with their relative molecular weights with respect to (a) the time taken to attain steady-state permeation into the food simulant in which they were more soluble, (b) their subsequent steady-state permeation rates, and (c) their partition between liquid paraffin and the OPP membrane.     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. I: Interlaboratory studies of methods of analysis

This paper describes the first part of a project undertaken to develop mussel reference materials for Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning (PSP) toxins. Two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin (STX) and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin (dc-STX) in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the second part of the project: the certification exercise. In the first study, 18 laboratories were asked to measure STX and dc-STX in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and to identify as many other PSP toxins as possible with a method of their choice. In the second interlaboratory study, 15 laboratories were additionally asked to determine quantitatively STX and dc-STX in rehydrated lyophilized mussel and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The first study revealed that three out of four postcolumn derivatization methods and one pre-column derivatization method sufficed in principle to determine STX and dc-STX. Most participants (13 of 18) obtained acceptable calibration curves and recoveries. Saxitoxin was hardly detected in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels and results obtained for dc-STX yielded a CV of 58% at a mass fraction of 1.86 mg/kg. Most participants (14 out of 18) identified gonyautoxin-5 (GTX-5) in a hydrolysed extract provided. The first study led to provisional criteria for linearity, recovery and separation. The second study revealed that 6 out of 15 laboratories were able to meet these criteria. Results obtained for dc-STX yielded a CV of 19% at a mass fraction of 3.49mg/kg. Results obtained for STX in the saxitoxin-enriched material yielded a CV of 19% at a mass fraction of 0.34mg/kg. Saxitoxin could not be detected in the PSP-positive material. Hydrolysis was useful to confirm the identity of GTX5 and provided indicative information about C1 and C2 toxins in the PSP-positive material. The methods used in the second interlaboratory study showed sufficiently consistent analysis results to undertake a certification exercise to assign certified values for STX and dc-STX in lyophilized mussel.     

The Ministry of Environmental Protection Issued "Feasible Technology Guidelines for Pollution Prevention and Control in Wood Pulping Process of the Paper Industry (Trial)" and Two Other Guiding Technical Documents

On December 27t＂, 2013, the Ministry of Environmenta Protection announced that, in order to implement ＂The Environmental Protection Law of the People＇ s Republic of China＂, improve the working system in environmenta protection technologies, and promote technologica advancement in pollution prevention, the Ministry of Environmental Protection sponsored the formulation of three guiding technical documents including ＂Feasible Technology Guidelines for Pollution Prevention and Contro n Wood Pulping Process of the Paper Industry （Trial）＂     

1~(st) Intelli-Tissue~ EcoEc Tissue Machine Supplied by PMP Group Successfully Put into Operation in China

正On April 29th,2014,Intelli-Tissue EcoEc tissue machine supplied by PMP Group successfully put into operation at Hebei Xuesong Paper Co.,Ltd.,this is the first such kind of paper machine of PMP Group in China.