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大豆作为世界范围内重要的豆类作物,是人类饮食的重要营养来源。γ-氨基丁酸(γ-aminobutyric acid,GABA)作为大豆中与人体健康密切相关的重要营养因子及非蛋白质氨基酸,其含量较低且富集过程受多种因素的影响,进而影响其保健功能的发挥及相关制品的品质提升,因此研究大豆中GABA富集的影响因素及其产品开发,对于指导大豆GABA富集及高效利用具有重要意义。本文综述了近年来有关大豆GABA富集的主要影响因素及富含GABA大豆产品的开发研究进展,并分析了领域内现存问题,对后续研究趋势进行展望,以期为大豆GABA富集及产品开发提供理论依据。 相似文献
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绿豆是我国特色杂粮杂豆作物和传统的药食同源食材,全球重要的干籽粒豆类作物。绿豆高蛋白、高淀粉以及富含多酚、黄酮、非淀粉多糖等营养特性使其成为粮食作物领域重要的健康食品和功能活性研究对象。对近年来国内外在绿豆的营养组成、功能因子(多酚、多糖、功能性蛋白或肽)以及抗氧化、降脂、降糖等健康功效方面的研究进展进行了回顾。同时,对绿豆在新型植物基食品中的研究和产业化应用作一介绍,旨在为现代营养和食品科学理论框架下的绿豆研究及其在未来食品中的应用提供借鉴。 相似文献
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绿豆功能活性及应用研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
绿豆是一种在温带、亚热带地区广泛种植的豆类植物,在我国已有两千多年的栽培历史,其产量和出口量均居世界首位。绿豆富含多种优质蛋白、氨基酸、维生素、膳食纤维以及钙、镁、铁、锌、磷等多种微量元素,绿豆也富含20多种生物活性物质,如多糖、黄酮、多肽、甾醇、酚类、有机酸等,具有抗氧化、抑菌、降血糖、提高克疫力、降低胆固醇等多种活性功效。本文综述了近年来国内外兲于绿豆中黄酮、多糖、多肽等活性成分的研究情况,主要包括提取斱法以及活性应用等斱面,以期为推迚绿豆高值化利用、促迚绿豆深加工产业发展及杂粮功能食品开发提供理论依据。 相似文献
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为探究鲜切处理对猕猴桃中γ-氨基丁酸(γ-aminobutyric acid,GABA)富集的影响。以猕猴桃为原料,研究了不同鲜切处理(切片和切丁)对猕猴桃GABA积累的影响以及可能的作用机制。结果表明,鲜切加工过程可以诱导猕猴桃体内GABA的积累,切丁处理提高了谷氨酸脱羧酶(Glutamate decarboxylase,GAD)的活性达到120 U/g,而GABA转氨酶(GABA transaminase,GABA-T)的活性只有1.78 U/g,显著低于完整组猕猴桃,贮藏期间(0~9 d),谷氨酸含量降低,而GABA含量升高;多胺(polyamine,PAs)作为在多胺降解途径中生成GABA的底物,其浓度也随着贮藏时间的增加而降低,切丁组中二胺氧化酶(Diamine oxidase,DAO)和多胺氧化酶活性(Polyamine oxidase,PAO)随贮藏时间的增加而增加,从而促使多胺转化为GABA。同时切丁处理对猕猴桃最大菌落总数、VC和可滴定酸含量影响不大,在贮藏后期切丁组的可溶性固形物含量略低于对照组。本文为鲜切果蔬中GABA富集转化技术以及富含GABA功能因子的产品开发提供一定的理论依据。 相似文献
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绿豆蛋白营养及功能特性分析 总被引:6,自引:3,他引:3
对国内16份绿豆主栽品种的蛋白质含量测定结果表明,绿豆中蛋白质含量丰富,平均为24.1%。分别从中提取绿豆蛋白,对绿豆蛋白的氨基酸与蛋白质亚基组成进行了分析。结果显示,绿豆蛋白中富含赖氨酸,含硫氨基酸为第一限制性氨基酸;绿豆蛋白主要由5个亚基组成,分子质量分别为23.4、28.9、31.4、52.9及63.1 ku。对绿豆蛋白的溶解性、保水性、乳化性、起泡性及吸油性等功能特性的研究表明,不同绿豆品种间蛋白功能特性差异显著,并分别筛选出对应功能特性较好的绿豆品种。 相似文献
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Mung bean is an important grain legume which is rich in nutrients and other bioactive compounds with many beneficial physiological effects. However, the effect of processing on properties of mung bean has not been widely studied in Sri Lanka. In the current study, effect of processing (boiling and sprouting) on some nutritional and functional properties of mung bean was investigated in comparison with raw mung bean. Mung bean seeds (Vigna radiata), varity MI6 were obtained from the Government Seed Center, Dambulla, Sri Lanka. Proximate composition, gross energy, insoluble dietary fibre (IDF) and soluble dietary fibre (SDF) contents,total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), α-amylase inhibition capacity, DPPH and ABTS scavenging activities were determined. Crude Protein (CP) content of boiled mung bean was significantly (p<0.05) lower than that of raw mung bean while it was significantly (p<0.05) higher in sprouted mung bean than raw mung bean. Crude fat content (CF) was significantly (p< 0.05) lower in sprouted mung bean when compared to raw mung bean. IDF contents in raw mung bean was significantly (p<0.05) higher than that in sprouted and boiled mung bean whereas, SDF content in boiled and sprouted mung bean were significantly (p<0.05) higher than that in raw mung bean.processing significantly (p<0.05) reduced antioxidant activity and total phenol content compared to raw mung bean. However, flavonoids could only be detected in sprouted mung bean. Further, α-amylase inhibition in sprouted mung bean was significantly (p<0.05) higher than that in boiled mung bean. In conclusion, processing (boiling and sprouting) influences the CP content, CF content, dietary fibre content, antioxidant capacity, α-amylase inhibition and fermentation ability in mung bean. 相似文献
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绿豆中蛋白质含量高,氨基酸种类丰富,是一种具有较强加工适用性的优质蛋白质资源。本实验以绿豆为材料,对绿豆进行蒸制、煮制两种不同热处理,用碱提酸沉法提取绿豆蛋白,并对其进行结构和功能性质的测定。结果表明:随着热处理时间的延长,蒸制和煮制的绿豆蛋白中大分子蛋白亚基条带灰度均变浅,即大分子质量蛋白含量均减少,分子质量为57.5 kDa的8S球蛋白亚基条带逐渐消失。两种处理相比,煮制绿豆蛋白增加了一条分子质量为35.4 kDa的条带。两种处理绿豆蛋白的持水性、持油性、乳化性、乳化稳定性均随处理时间延长不断提高,且蒸制绿豆蛋白优于煮制;而起泡性、泡沫稳定性、溶解性随处理时间延长呈先上升后下降的趋势,在20~25 min时性能最佳,蒸制绿豆蛋白的性能较好,起泡性、泡沫稳定性、溶解度分别为25.6%、77.1%、13.6%。本研究为绿豆蛋白的改性提供理论依据,对提高绿豆蛋白在食品行业中的应用以及绿豆产品的精深加工具有参考意义。 相似文献
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Mung bean seed inoculated with Salmonella Typhimurium, Escherichia coli O157:H7, and Listeria monocytogenes (3 to 5 log CFU/g) was exposed to gaseous acetic acid in an aluminum fumigation chamber. Salmonella Typhimurium and E. coli O157:H7 were not detected by enrichment of seeds treated with 242 microl of acetic acid per liter of air for 12 h at 45 degrees C. L. monocytogenes was recovered by enrichment from two of 10 25-g seed samples treated in this manner. Fumigation with gaseous acetic acid was also lethal to indigenous bacteria and fungi on mung bean seed. The treatment did not significantly reduce seed germination rates, and no differences in surface microstructure were observed between treated and untreated seed viewed by scanning electron microscopy. 相似文献
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Ricardo R. Del Rosario Dulce M. Flores 《Journal of the science of food and agriculture》1981,32(2):175-180
The functional characteristics of mung bean flour were determined in four forms; as raw flour, blanched, sprouted, and air-classified high-protein fraction. Protein content ranged from 23 to 54%. The functional properties investigated were: nitrogen solubility, water and fat absorption, gelation capacity, whippability and foam stability. The nitrogen solubility profile showed no significant differences. The airclassified high-protein fraction showed excellent functional properties. Mung bean was in general found to have a good potential in all the above functional properties and would, therefore, be applicable in a variety of food systems. 相似文献