碳量子点/壳聚糖涂膜剂在芒果保鲜中的应用

为了减弱芒果的呼吸作用和提高涂膜剂的抑菌效果,达到降低芒果的失水率和腐烂率的目的,以海带作为碳量子点的合成原料,通过水热法制备了水溶性较好的碳量子点,用于涂膜剂中。以壳聚糖为成膜材料,将碳量子点、柠檬酸、抗坏血酸、Ca Cl2与壳聚糖进行复配,制备纳米涂膜剂用于对芒果进行保鲜研究。结果表明,碳量子点对芒果表面的细菌和真菌具有很好的抑制作用,碳量子点/壳聚糖涂膜剂也表现出很好的保鲜效果,能有效延缓芒果中VC的氧化作用。制备的纳米涂膜剂,能够显著降低芒果的腐烂率和失水率,延缓糖和酸的转化,减弱芒果在储存过程中的呼吸作用。研究表明,碳量子点与壳聚糖等材料复配,能进一步提高涂膜剂的保鲜效果,对研发新的水果保鲜技术和材料具有重要意义。     

羧甲基壳聚糖复合涂膜的银条保鲜效果研究

银条是具有多种活性物质的药食两用特种蔬菜。为解决银条的保鲜问题,以羧甲基壳聚糖为主要成分,添加其他助剂配制了复合涂膜剂,研究了该涂膜剂用于银条的保鲜效果。实验结果表明,该涂膜剂(含2％羧甲基壳聚糖)用于银条的保鲜,能够延长银条的贮藏期。     

壳聚糖和气调包装在冷却肉保鲜中的应用

利用不同浓度和不同溶解性的壳聚糖,以及不同气体配比的气调包装对冷却肉进行保鲜处理,比较其保鲜效果.结果表明壳聚糖在鲜猪肉中有明显的保鲜作用,且浓度越高,保鲜效果越好 ;酸溶性壳聚糖的保鲜效果好于水溶性壳聚糖,2.5%的水溶性壳聚糖能使冷却肉保质期达到5d左右,而1.5%的壳聚糖醋酸溶液能使保质期达到6d, 但会使肉样产生酸味,影响感官.与壳聚糖相比较,气调包装对冷却肉具有更好的保鲜效果,且感官质量也更好, 气体配比为50% O2 +25%CO2+25%N2的处理组效果最佳,能使冷却肉保质期达到7d以上;气体配比中二氧化碳的含量越高,保鲜效果越好;氧气含量超过50%以上时,肉样还具有良好的鲜红色泽.     

水溶性壳聚糖稀土配合物对西红柿保鲜及农药残留降解的研究

目的:探索研究水溶性壳聚糖及其稀土配合物对樱桃西红柿的保鲜和农药残留的降解作用.方法:用浓度为1％的水溶性壳聚糖、水溶性壳聚糖铈配合物和水溶性壳聚糖镧配合物水溶液为膜材料,涂膜处理樱桃西红柿,通过好果率、pH变化、失重率和对农药(氧乐果)残留降解的效果考察水溶性壳聚糖及其稀土配合物对樱桃西红柿的保鲜和农药残留的降解作用.结果:处理组各项指标均优于对照组.其中铈配合物最好,镧配合物次之,水溶性壳聚糖最低.结论:水溶性壳聚糖及其稀土配合物对樱桃西红柿有保鲜作用,壳聚糖稀土配合物可模拟降解酶,对有机磷类农药残留有一定的降解效果,其中水溶性壳聚糖铈配合物的降解效果最好,降解度可达到74.09％.     

复配型壳聚糖涂膜剂对牛肉的保鲜研究

研究了壳聚糖复合剂对牛肉的涂膜保鲜,并进行了壳聚糖浓度的单因素试验。结果表明:保鲜效果较好的壳聚糖浓度为2%。壳聚糖复合涂膜剂的组成为壳聚糖浓度为2%,冰醋酸浓度为2%,甘油浓度为1%,其中冰醋酸为溶解剂,甘油为增稠剂。经此膜涂布后的牛肉在室温下保存72h后,其菌落总数、pH值、H2S这些理化指标仍在新鲜肉的标准范围内,比对照组延长了48h。     

可食性涂膜保鲜虾的品质控制研究

以海藻酸钠和壳聚糖为涂膜剂对鲜虾及虾仁进行涂膜处理,然后分别进行冷藏及冷冻保鲜.通过测定解冻汁液流失、煮汁损失、干耗率及质构变化,研究在不同贮藏条件下采用可食性涂膜保鲜虾在品质控制方面的作用.实验结果表明:可食性涂膜保鲜能显著减少解冻汁液流失、降低煮汁损失及干耗率,并且能保持较好的硬度和弹性.壳聚糖复合涂膜的保鲜效果优于海藻酸钠的保鲜效果.     

壳聚糖在冷却鲜猪肉保鲜中的应用研究

利用不同脱乙酰度、不同浓度和不同溶解特性的壳聚糖,对冷却鲜猪肉进行保鲜处理,比较其保鲜效果.结果表明,壳聚糖在鲜猪肉中有明显的保鲜作用,且脱乙酰度越高,壳聚糖的保鲜效果越好;1%的壳聚糖醋酸溶液(醋酸浓度为1%)能使冷却猪肉的货架期达到一周;2.5%的水溶性壳聚糖的保鲜效果接近于1%的酸溶性壳聚糖,且感官品质更好.     

鱼鳞明胶及蛋白肽涂膜对鲫鱼保鲜效果的影响

研究鱼鳞明胶和蛋白肽涂膜剂对鲫鱼保鲜效果的影响。将明胶、蛋白肽、壳聚糖混合制成涂膜剂,涂布在鲫鱼鱼片的表面,在4℃环境下存储,每隔一段时间进行1次测定,分别检测鲫鱼鱼片的p H值、重量损失、TVB-N、菌落总数、色差等指标,以检验混合膜对鲫鱼的保鲜效果。经过15天的存储,明胶、蛋白肽、壳聚糖涂布鱼片表面,能延长鱼片的保质期。试验证明明胶、蛋白肽在鲫鱼鱼片保鲜中的可行性和保鲜效果。     

壳聚糖和气调包装在冷却肉保鲜中的应用

利用不同浓度、不同溶解性的壳聚糖，以及不同气体配比的气调包装对冷却肉进行保鲜处理，比较其保鲜效果。结果表明：壳聚糖在鲜猪肉中有明显的保鲜作用，且浓度越高，保鲜效果越好；酸溶性壳聚糖的保鲜效果好于水溶性壳聚糖，2．5％的水溶性壳聚糖能使冷却肉保质期达5d左右，而1．5％的壳聚糖醋酸溶液能使保质期达到6d，但会使肉样产生酸味，影响感官。与壳聚糖相比，气调包装对冷却肉具有更好的保鲜效果，且感官质量也更好，气体配比为50％O2＋25％CO2＋25％N2的处理组效果最佳，能使冷却肉保质期达到7d以上；气体配比中二氧化碳的含量越高，保鲜效果越好；氧气含量超过50％以上时，肉样还具有良好的鲜红色泽。     

壳聚糖涂膜保鲜竹笋研究

选用壳聚糖作为涂膜剂处理带壳小竹笋，在4℃低温，相对湿度94%条件下贮藏保鲜25d。贮藏期间对竹笋的失重率、纤维素和VC含量以及氨基酸总量进行了测定。试验结果表明：1.5%壳聚糖混入1.0%对羟基苯甲酸乙酯制成的涂膜剂有较好的保鲜效果，抑制失重和纤维素含量增加有明显效果。用同法处理的带壳乌笋保鲜效果比雷笋好。     

蛋白质水解度测定方法综述

对目前国内外常用的蛋白质水解度测定方法进行了综述，其中pH—state方法是通过滴定水解过程中释放的质子测定DH；OPA、TNBS及国内常用的水合茚三酮和甲醛等测定方法是利用游离氨基的反应测定DH。     

SEROLOGIC IDENTIFICATION OF SPECIES OF ORIGIN OF SAUSAGE MEATS

SUMMARY: A partially purified immunoglobulin G (lgG) solution prepared from the serum of species to be tested was heated to the specifications for sausages. The resulting supernatant fluid was decanted and the precipitate washed with saline and used to immunize rabbits. The supernatant fluid was used to sensitize tanned sheep red blood cells. The immune serum was rendered monospecific by absorptions with heterologous, heated lgG precipitates. A sample of monospecific immune serum was absorbed with a washed homogenate of sausage. Aliquots of the monospecific immune serum, both untreated and sausage absorbed, were tested with cells sensitized with the homologous heated lgG supematant fluid. A significant reduction of titer by sausage absorption indicated that the sausages contained the meat homologous to the immune serum.     

百年风尚

一场流光溢彩、赏心悦目的展览,一段百年风尚演进的传奇旅程,一次东西方文化艺术的完美对话。2013年9月13日,“博萃臻艺一中西方珍宝艺术展”在辽宁省博物馆举行了隆重的开幕仪式,法兰西共和国驻华大使白林女士、辽宁省文物局局长丁辉先生、辽宁省博物馆馆长马宝杰先生、卡地亚全球总裁兼首席执行官邓阁仕先生、卡地亚区域行政总裁（北亚洲）陆慧全先生、卡地亚中国区首席执行官陆意斯先生、辽宁省文物店总经理张春鹰先生,以及众多文化界与文博界的贵宾齐聚一堂,共同见证了这场文化艺术盛事。     

DEVELOPMENT OF CHAINS OF CELLS OF SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE DURING FERMENTATION

The lengths of chains of cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae were studied during fermentation. Pitching yeast generally contained about half of the total number of cells as two-celled chains. The chain lengths varied during the subsequent fermentation and the variations were characteristic of the strain. Electronic counting assessments of chain length were unreliable.     

EFFECTS OF TYPES OF FAT AND OF RATES AND TEMPERATURES OF COMMINUTION ON DISPERSION OF LIPIDS IN FRANKFURTERS

ABSTRACT— The effect of time, temperature and rpm of comminution of emulsions was determined on the dispersion of approximately 25% of beef fat, pork fat or cottonseed oil in frankfurters. The numbers of lipid particles 5 μ or less in diameter increased in frankfurters containing either beef or pork fat as comminution was continued to higher temperatures, with pork fat dispersed more thoroughly. Fat tended to separate from frankfurters containing beef fat in particles 200 μ or more in diameter. In contrast, no specific degree of dispersion of particles 5 μ or less in diameter consistently indicated emulsion stability, or its lack. Increased rpm during comminution produced an increased dispersion of beef or pork fat. Under the same conditions pork fat was dispersed more finely than beef fat. Dispersion of cottonseed oil produced finely dispersed particles beyond the resolution of light microscopy, as was confirmed by electron microscopy which showed a substantial number of particles to be less than 1 μ in diameter.     

聚多元羧酸盐的合成及应用

研究了聚多元羧酸盐的合成方法及反应机理,将其应用于洗涤剂和PVC制品中分别代替三聚磷酸钠和邻苯二甲酸二丁酯,证明有良好效果。     

BASIS OF STABILITY OF AMINE SALTS OF LINOLEIC ACID

SUMMARY— The mechanism and generality of the known stabilization against autoxidation conferred on linoleic acid by certain basic amino acids, such as lysine and arginine, was investigated. Basic amino acids were the only class of compounds found to confer the effect. However, the smallest basic amino acid, 2,3-diaminopropionic acid, was not effective, nor was αβω-diaminc acid, 3,6-diaminohexanoic acid, although a simple isomer of lysine. The stabilization was observed only in the solid phase. Inclusion of sodium chloride in the solid matrix was deleterious to the effect. A large number of physical and chemical observations were made and correlated but it has not been possible to draw detailed conclusions about the mechanism of stabilization, nor can a detailed structure of the stabilized complex be suggested. The cause of the phenomenon appears to be closely associated with the physical arrangement of the ions in the crystal lattice.     

STABILITY OF AQUEOUS EMULSIONS OF THE ESSENTIAL OIL OF HOPS

Hop oil emulsions prepared from different varieties of hops have been found to exhibit enhanced physical stability on the addition of blends of the emulsifiers Span 20/Tween 80 or Span 60/Tween 60. Examination of the particle size and volume distributions of an emulsion by use of a Coulter Counter was found to be an excellent method of monitoring its stability. An indication as to the relative efficiency of emulsifiers can be obtained from Coulter Counter measurements on hop oil emulsions after storage for 4 days. The use of an ultracentrifuge provies a rapid means of testing emulsion stability and hence the effectiveness of emulsion stabilizers.     

山药水溶性多糖的提取及抗氧化性研究

研究山药水溶性多糖的提取及其抗氧化作用。方法是将小鼠分别口服给予山药水溶性多糖，每天1次，连续给药15d，取血测过氧化物酶（POD）活性，取血、肝、肾测超氧化物歧化酶（sOD）活性，脂质过氧化产物（MDA）含量。山药多糖物可显著提高POD活性及血、肝、肾的SOD活性，并减少血、肝、肾组织中MDA的含量。山药水溶性多糖有提高小鼠体内过氧化物酶、超氧化物歧化酶活性及减少脂质过氧化产物的抗氧化作用。     

ANALYTICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF THE PRODUCTS OF NONENZYMATIC GLYCOSYLATION OF LYSOZYME

The quantitative analysis of the reaction products of the water activity dependent nonenzymatic glycosylation of lysozyme was not straightforward. Difficulties arose in the determination of the number of bound glucose molecules because glycosylation leads to glucose mediated protein aggregation, and the likely presence of a mixture of relatively labile Schiff-base intermediates, and the more stable ketoamine products generated by Amadori rearrangement. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was used to monitor protein aggregation; periodate oxidation, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and oxalic acid hydrolysis combined with HPLC, emerged as the most promising methods to quantitate the degree of glycosylation. Possible interpretations are advanced to explain the apparent discrepancies in degree of glycosylation suggested by the different analytical methods evaluated.