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分析了不同发酵工艺以及醋醅熏制对薏仁碎米食醋品质的影响。结果表明,与固态发酵工艺相比,液态发酵薏仁碎米食醋的多糖含量较低,而氨基酸态氮含量接近,不同固态发酵工艺薏仁碎米食醋的多糖含量接近;在醋酸发酵过程中液态发酵的多糖含量呈下降趋势,固态发酵的多糖含量逐渐增加,两种方法的氨基酸含量变化平缓;薏仁碎米醋不挥发酸以及可溶性无盐固形物含量为固态熏醋>固态醋>液态醋,固态发酵工艺2制得的食醋中无盐固形物含量最高,未熏醅时为2.86 g/100 mL,熏醅后为9.17 g/100 mL,未熏醅的食醋总酸含量<8%,而熏醅后>10%。固态醋酸发酵和醋醅熏制能显著提高薏仁碎米食醋品质,熏醋醅工艺还能明显改善薏仁碎米食醋的风味。 相似文献
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张群 《食品与生物技术学报》2013,(9):1008
酿醋工业是我国生物技术产业的重要组成部分,2012年我国食醋产量达500万吨,居世界首位。食醋的酿造方法可分为固态发酵和液态发酵两大类。我国的食醋大多采用传统"固态开放式多菌种混合发酵酿醋工艺",该方法酿制的食醋不仅具有酸味,还具有独特的风味和保健功能。食醋发酵过程中,醋酸等风味物质以及川芎嗪等功能性物质的生成是一个十分复杂的生化和物化反应过程,其中主要以微生 相似文献
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镇江香醋传统生产工艺的剖析 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
我国食醋的发酵可分为糖化、酒精发酵及醋酸发酵三大生物化学工程 ,这三大工程即可为液态 ,也可为固态。我国传统工艺中这三个工程有全部是液态的 ,如永春红曲醋、厦门玫瑰醋等 ;也有全部是固态的 ,如四川保宁醋、四川麸醋 ,目前城镇醋厂广泛采用的全固态发酵 ;还有历史最久的液态的酶解糖化、酒精发酵和固态醋酸发酵的山西老陈醋和镇江香醋。我国传统的食醋发酵工艺 ,不管是液态或是固态发酵 ,除醋酸发酵外 ,都属于复式发酵 ,即所谓糖化及酒精发酵同时进行的工艺 ,有人称之为双边发酵。严格地讲 ,从酿造工艺学的角度来讲 ,这一工艺主要的生… 相似文献
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采用自吸式发酵罐液态深层半连续法发酵食醋,该方法生产效率高、生产周期短,但食醋风味不足。在传统液态法食醋发酵工艺基础上,通过筛选原料、添加糖化曲和多菌协同酒精发酵,可以提高食醋不挥发酸的含量,改善食醋风味。研究结果表明:以小麦为原料调浆液化完成后,加入6.5%(质量分数)增香糖化曲,35℃保温糖化1 h,接种5%(体积分数)乳酸菌与0.28 g/100 m L酵母菌共同酒精发酵,控制温度32℃发酵4 d,最后接种醋酸菌。将该工艺应用在摇瓶水平上液态法发酵食醋,得到的食醋中不挥发酸含量可达0.47 g/100 m L。将该工艺应用于5 L自吸罐液态半连续发酵得到的食醋成品,总酸度≥6 g/100 m L,不挥发酸含量≥0.5 g/100 m L,达到了国标对固态醋不挥发酸含量的要求。 相似文献
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纯种固态工艺酿造醋的风味研究 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
通过对纯种固态酿醋工艺的有机酸、氨基酸和香气物质变化情况进行跟踪分析,系统全面地研究了纯种固态酿醋工艺的风味变化情况,为今后改善其风味奠定基础.食醋中的有机酸主要为乙酸、琥珀酸、苹果酸和乳酸.本工艺下食醋醋醅结束样中的氨基酸总量为50].52mg/L,总量比酒醅结束样增加了3倍左右,甜味氮基酸的含量从28.97mg/L增加到256.12mg/L.通过固相微萃取和气质联用技术对食醋酿造过程中香气成分进行分析发现酯类在第14d累积到最大值,之后略有下降;醇类在酒精发酵阶段大量生成,在醋酸发酵阶段由于与酸类酯化而大量减少;酸类在醋酸发酵阶段大量生成,之后由于酯化速度大于生酸速度而产生相对含量下降的趋势. 相似文献
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提高液态深层发酵食醋风味的实用技术 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
液态深层发酵制醋工艺发酵周期短、产能大、产品澄清度高,是作为新型调味品二次加工的原料,但其质量风味欠佳。该文从增香、增味、增色和澄清4个方面论述了提高液态深层发酵食醋风味的实用技术。结果表明:由于这些技术的应用使液醋质量风味得到显著提高,在香味、色泽上可以同固态食醋相比,在口味上也能接近固态食醋。 相似文献
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以云南大叶种晒青茶为原料,研究双层保湿转动式普洱茶自动发酵罐与传统发酵方式加工普洱茶品质之间的差异.对自动发酵罐和传统发酵普洱茶样品进行理化和感官审评的比较分析.结果表明,两种方式加工的普洱茶在品质上无显著差异(p=0.9484),自动发酵罐发酵的普洱茶黄酮、咖啡碱、茶多酚、氨基酸、茶褐素的含量均高于传统发酵的普洱茶,儿茶素和水浸出物的含量比传统发酵普洱茶稍低;发酵罐发酵普洱茶大幅缩短了发酵周期,仅需24d就能形成普洱茶特有的甘、滑、醇、厚的品质特点,而传统发酵需56d才能完成普洱茶的发酵.本研究为普洱茶自动发酵罐的应用提供了理论依据. 相似文献
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为了监测酒醅发酵过程中的温度、湿度、酸碱度、含氧量,设计一个实时自动监测系统包括测控计算机子系统、无线数据接收转发及接收器、多路多参数子系统、发酵参数测量传感器组。该过程主要由传感器组检测,经由导线到信号变送器,再由多路多参数智能子系统相应信息输入无线信号发送器发送,在接收端有无线信号接收器送至计算机控制系统。传感器的使用使得多路多参数系统的工作情况通过模拟信号由模数转换器完成翻译、时序等工作,由单片机进行控制最终输入。 相似文献
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啤酒发酵过程中的温度控制是影响啤酒质量的重要环节。该文论述了发酵各阶段温度控制机理及锥形罐发酵温度自动控制系统设计要求。 相似文献
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S.B. Menajovsky C.E. Walpole T.J. DeVries K.S. Schwartzkopf-Genswein M.E. Walpole G.B. Penner 《Journal of dairy science》2018,101(11):9941-9953
This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of the forage-to-concentrate ratio of the partial mixed ration (PMR) and the quantity of concentrate offered in an automated milking system (AMS), in a feed-first guided-flow barn, on the behavior and performance of dairy cows. Eight ruminally cannulated multiparous Holstein cows were used in a replicated 4 × 4 Latin square balanced for carry-over effects. Treatments were arranged in a 2 × 2 factorial consisting of a PMR that contained (dry matter basis) either a low (54:46; L-FOR) or a high (64:36; H-FOR) forage-to-concentrate ratio and AMS concentrate provision to achieve low (2 kg/d; L-AMS) or high (6 kg/d; H-AMS) intake. Each period consisted of 28 d with 6 d for dietary transition, 13 d for adaptation, and 9 d of collection. The first 4 d of data and sample collection were used to evaluate behavioral data (milking frequency, feeding behavior, and standing and lying behavior) and ruminal pH. Subsequently, a sampling device removal day was provided, and the last 4 d were used to evaluate ruminal fermentation and apparent total-tract digestibility. All 9 d were used for milk yield measurement, and the 8 d were used for dry matter intake measurement. Cows fed the H-AMS consumed 3.5 kg/d less PMR while consuming 4.2 kg/d more AMS concentrate, but total dry matter intake (PMR+AMS) was not affected by treatments averaging 27.3 kg/d. Although cows fed H-AMS had greater concentrate intake, they also had greater variability for AMS concentrate intake among days (0.85 vs. 0.25 kg/d, respectively). The number of PMR meals and PMR eating behavior were not affected by the PMR or AMS treatments. Feeding H-AMS did not affect milking frequency averaging 3.63 milkings/d, but tended to increase milk yield by 1.25 kg/d relative to L-AMS. Likewise, cows fed the L-FOR tended to have greater milk yield relative to H-FOR (39.3 vs 37.9 kg/d, respectively), but had greater holding area time. Minimum ruminal pH tended to be lower for cows fed L-FOR compared with cows fed H-FOR but was not affected by the AMS concentrate treatment. When fed the L-FOR, feeding the H-AMS increased total short-chain fatty acid concentration in the rumen relative to cows fed L-AMS, whereas the response for H-FOR was not affected by the AMS concentrate. These data suggest that feeding H-AMS may improve milk yield, but also increases the day-to-day variability in AMS concentrate consumption. Feeding a L-FOR PMR may increase milk yield without affecting variability in AMS concentrate consumption; however, it may reduce ruminal pH and increase the time spent in the holding area compared with cows fed a H-FOR PMR. 相似文献
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D. R. Maule 《Journal of the Institute of Brewing》1986,92(2):137-145
Modern designs of continuous and batch fermenters owe their origins to the first decade of the 20th Century. The cylindro-conical vessel, if designed to carry out fermentation and maturation above 3°C, appears the best choice of batch fermenter for most purposes. For quality reasons its height should be minimised consistent with retaining a sufficiently steep cone for yeast removal and adequate turbulence for effective temperature control. Radical changes in design are not anticipated in the near future. Development effort is likely to focus increasingly on automatic control of fermentation. This development in turn will redirect attention to continuous fermentation which was more or less abandoned ten years ago following failure of commercial systems which had acknowledged defects. These can be overcome in modified systems, at least one of which has been tested successfully on an experimental scale. 相似文献
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