中药油脂中邻苯二甲酸酯类塑化剂的检测分析

利用凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)对油脂样品进行前处理,采用气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)联用技术结合选择离子扫描模式对样品中14种邻苯二甲酸酯污染物进行检测.实验得到14种邻苯二甲酸酯塑化剂检测的线性范围在0.05～5 mg/L之间,检出限在0.5～5 g/L之间,回收率在84.56％～104.09％之间,相对标准偏差小于15.8％,方法快速、稳定.对10种中药油脂的检测结果显示,10种中药油脂中均检测到邻苯二甲酸酯类的存在,其中DBP、DEHP存在超标的情况.应对中药油脂中邻苯二甲酸酯类最高允许含量进行安全性评价.     

顶空进样气相色谱质谱法同时检测食品包装材料中的10种残留溶剂

目的 建立顶空气相色谱-质谱检测食品包装材料中10种残留有机溶剂的分析方法。方法 采用GC-MS选择离子监测(SIM)模式进行定量分析。结果 10种溶剂在0.001~0.1 mg/m2浓度范围线性关系良好, 相关系数在0.9999~1.0000, 对最低浓度点进行了重现性实验, RSD均小于10%, 回收率79.0%~106.2%, 精密度1.08％~8.02％。结论 此方法快速、准确可以满足国内外对食品包装材料中10种残留有机溶剂的同时检测。     

面包加入酵母粉的研究

面包中加入酵母粉可提高面包内蛋白含量及质量,本实验就是对酵母粉加入面包中的效果进行研究。 添加七种不同水平(0,2％、4％、6％、8％,10％和12％)酵母粉的面包,在同等条件下烤制后,检测结果表明:①加     

气相色谱-质谱法测定蔬菜中65种除草剂的残留量

目的 建立蔬菜中65种不同类别除草剂的气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)检测方法.方法 样品用乙腈超声提取后,经Carb/NH2柱净化,采用GC-MS检测,以基质匹配的标准校正曲线外标法定量.结果 除卞草唑的线性范围为20～1 000 μg/L,其他64种除草剂在10～1 000 μg/L范围内呈良好线性,相关系数均大于0.998;各农药的方法检出限为0.02 ～2.2 μg/kg,定量限为0.1～ 7.4 μg/kg;以空白蔬菜样品(选取油菜为代表性基质)进行加标水平为5、10和20 μg/kg的加标回收试验,除扑草灭和乙氧苯草胺的回收率在41.1％ ～59.4％之间外,各除草剂的回收率均在60.9％～117.9％之间,相对标准偏差(RSD)低于14.0％.对9份蔬菜样品(包括土豆、油菜、白菜、菠菜)进行检测,1份样品(白菜)检出氟乐灵,其含量为2.0 μg/kg.结论 该检测方法快速、简便、准确,适用于蔬菜样品中除草剂类农药残留的检测.     

纺织品禁用磷系阻燃剂的HPLC-MS/MS法测定

采用液相色谱-串联质谱法(HPLC-MS/MS)对纺织品中磷酸三(β-氯乙酯)(TCEP)和三磷酸酯(2,3-二溴丙基)(TDBPP)两种禁用磷系阻燃剂进行检测.前处理条件为:在超声波加热至40℃时,以甲醇为溶剂萃取40 min,溶液经滤后进行HPLC-MS/MS检测.在所确定的色谱条件下,TCEP的加标回收率为90.6％～97.8％,线性范围0.01～1.96 mg/L,信噪比为10时,定量限为0.07 mg/kg;TDBPP加标回收率为88.5％～93.9％,线性范围0.05 ～5.00 mg/L,信噪比为10时,定量限为1 mg/kg.     

赭曲霉毒素A直接竞争ELISA试剂盒的研制

在多克隆抗体的基础上研制了赭曲霉毒素A(OTA)直接竞争酶联免疫检测(cd-ELISA)试剂盒.在0 ～ 10 ng/mL范围内,该试剂盒50％抑制率(IC50)为1.09 ng/mL,检测灵敏度(IC15)为0.08 ng/mL;与赭曲霉毒素B、C的交叉反应率分别为6.28％和0.16％,而与黄曲霉毒素B1等生物毒素未见有交叉反应;板内与板间平均变异系数分别为2.21％和2.79％;花生、玉米和玉米粉3种样品中OTA的检测低限分别为1.71,1.26和1.85 μg/kg,平均添加回收率在83.80％～ 91.40％;与HPLC检测方法具有较高的相关性,相关系数(R2)分别为0.94、0.88和0.90;检测时间只需20 min,可用于花生、玉米及玉米粉中OTA的批量快速筛查.     

O2/CO2主动自发气调对采后松露贮藏品质及微观结构的影响

目的:寻找一种新型且有效的松露鲜贮方法.方法:设定 80％O2+20％CO2(AMAP1)、60％O2+40％CO2(AMAP2)、40％O2+60％CO2(AMAP3)、10％O2+90％CO2(AMAP4)4个气调组和1个自然空气不封装对照组(C K),于4℃下贮藏,定期检测松露贮藏期间的营养品质及生理生化指标,并...     

微波消解-电感耦合等离子体发射光谱(ICP-OES)测定茶叶中多种微量元素

采用微波消解和ICP-OES对茶叶中10种微量元素进行了分析测定.拟定了测定方法,加标回收率在95.4％～102.4％之间,相对标准偏差(n=6)在0.75％～3.89％之间,满足分析要求.为茶叶中微量元素的检测分析提供了快速准确的测定方法.     

HPLC测定白兰地中的氨基甲酸乙酯

高效液相结合荧光是检测氨基甲酸乙酯的新方法。经过实验得到最优的检测条件是：荧光检测入射光波长为234nm,发射光波长为600nm;流速为0．8mL/min;流动相梯度（0min-10min,A相为55％,B相为45％;10min-35min,A相为50％,B相为50％;35min-40min,A相为0％,B相为100％）;荧光反应时间为5min。并通过与标准GC／MS方法进行对比研究,对HPLC-FLD方法进行了评价。     

肉制品中3,4-苯并(α)芘检测方法的改进

确立通过乙酸乙酯超声提取、旋蒸浓缩、甲醇反提净化对肉制品进行前处理,进而结合高效液相色谱仪—荧光检测器测定肉制品中3,4-苯并(α)芘的检测方法.结果表明:3,4-苯并(α)芘在0.5～100 ng/mL范围内呈线性,其线性回归方程Y=4.095×10-5X-4.449× 10-2,相关系数R=0.999 9,回收率为87.4％ ～88.1％,精确度为1.83％～2.37％,检出限(3S/N)为0.15μg/kg.     

Textural Properties of Cold-set Gels Induced from Heat-denatured Whey Protein Isolates

A 9% whey protein (WP) isolate solution at pH 7.0 was heat-denatured at 80°C for 30 min. Size-exclusion HPLC showed that native WP formed soluble aggregates after heat-treatment. Additions of CaCl2 (10–40 mM), NaCl (50–400 mM) or glucono-delta-lactone (GDL, 0.4–2.0%, w/v) or hydrolysis by a protease from Bacillus licheniformis caused gelation of the denatured solution at 45°C. Textural parameters, hardness, adhesiveness, and cohesiveness of the gels so formed changed markedly with concentration of added salts or pH by added GDL. Maximum gel hardness occurred at 200 mM NaCl or pH 4.7. Increasing CaCl2 concentration continuously increased gel hardness. Generally, GDL-induced gels were harder than salt-induced gels, and much harder than the protease-induced gel.     

Occurrence of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in fish canned in oil

The levels of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) were quantified as part of a European survey on the migration of residues of epoxy resins into oil from canned fish. The contents of BFDGE in cans, lids and fish collected from all 15 Member States of the European Union and Switzerland were analysed in 382 samples. Cans and lids were separately extracted with acetonitrile. The extraction from fish was carried out with hexane followed by re-extraction with acetonitrile. The analysis was performed by reverse phase HPL C with fluorescence detection. BFDGE could be detected in 12% of the fish, 24% of the cans and 18% of the lids. Only 3% of the fish contained BFDGE in concentrations considerably above 1mg/kg. In addition to the presented data, a comparison was made with the levels of BADGE (bisphenol-A-diglycidyl ether)analysed in the same products in the context of a previous study.     

Contribution of European research to risk analysis

The European Commission's, Quality of Life Research Programme, Key Action 1—Health, Food & Nutrition is mission-oriented and aims, amongst other things, at providing a healthy, safe and high-quality food supply leading to reinforced consumer confidence in the safety of European food. Its objectives also include the enhancing of the competitiveness of the European food supply. Key Action 1 is currently supporting a number of different types of European collaborative projects in the area of risk analysis. The objectives of these projects range from the development and validation of prevention strategies including the reduction of consumers risks; development and validation of new modelling approaches; harmonization of risk assessment principles, methodologies, and terminology; standardization of methods and systems used for the safety evaluation of transgenic food; providing of tools for the evaluation of human viral contamination of shellfish and quality control; new methodologies for assessing the potential of unintended effects of genetically modified (genetically modified) foods; development of a risk assessment model for Cryptosporidium parvum related to the food and water industries; to the development of a communication platform for genetically modified organism, producers, retailers, regulatory authorities and consumer groups to improve safety assessment procedures, risk management strategies and risk communication; development and validation of new methods for safety testing of transgenic food; evaluation of the safety and efficacy of iron supplementation in pregnant women; evaluation of the potential cancer-preventing activity of pro- and pre-biotic ('synbiotic') combinations in human volunteers. An overview of these projects is presented here.     

低温带皮菜籽粕微粉的不同粒级部分的功能特性

为研究低温带皮菜籽粕微粉的不同粒级部分的功能特性,以经低温脱脂的带皮菜籽粕为原料,经微粉碎后筛分成212~425μm、150~212μm和106~150μm的3个不同粒级的微粉样品,检测这些样品的吸水性、吸油性、乳化性和乳化稳定性、蛋白质体外消化率。结果表明:1 3个不同粒级的微粉样品之间的粗纤维含量存在显著差异,表明三者的结构组成成分有一定差异。23个微粉样品的乳化活性和乳化稳定性随粒度级别的减小而显著增加(P0.01)。33个微粉样品的蛋白质体外消化率随粒度级别的减小而显著增加(P0.01)。4不同粒级带皮菜籽粕微粉样品的吸水性与吸油性受其结构组成物质不同和粒度的双重影响,与粒度的相关性不明显。     

Microbiology of food taints

Fresh and processed foods are often spoilt by the presence of undesirable flavours and odours caused by microbial action. The aim of this paper is to review the current knowledge of microbiologically induced taints that occur in a wide range of foodstuffs, including meats, poultry, fish, crustaceans, milk, dairy products, fruits, vegetables, cereals and cereal products. Examples have been chosen where the compounds responsible for the taint have been identified and sufficient data obtained to demonstrate the involvement of microorganisms. However, in some cases the full identity of the causative organism may not have been elucidated. The types of microorganisms covered by this review include bacteria, fungi, yeasts, actinomycetes and cyanobacteria. Although cyanobacteria do not in general infect foods, their presence in aqueous systems and water supplies can lead to off-flavours in aquatic organisms and processed foodstuffs. Several examples of each of these processes are discussed. Wherever possible, the likely biosynthetic pathway used by the microorganism to produce the offending compound in a foodstuff is indicated.     

Analysis for organic residues from aids to polymerization used to make plastics intended for food contact

Polymers intended for food contact use have been analysed for organic residues which could be attributed to a range of substances employed as polymerization aids (e.g. initiators and catalysts). A wide range of polymers was extracted with solvents and the extracts analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The overwhelming majority of substances identified were not derived from aids to polymerization but were oligomers, additives and adventitious contaminants. However, a small number of substances were identified as initiator residues. These included tetramethylsuccinonitrile (TMSN) which was observed in two polymers and it derived from recombination of two azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) initiator radicals. Methyl benzoate, benzoic acid, biphenyl and phenyl benzoate were detected in one poly(methyl methacrylate) sample and in two polyvinylchlorides and they are thought to be derived from benzoyl peroxide initiator. TMSN was subsequently targeted for analysis of poly-(methyl methacrylate) plastics using proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry (¹     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part II: Medium molecular weight permeants

Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of different medium molecular weight model permeants: bisphenol A, warfarin and anthracene, from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 microns-thick orientated polypropylene--OPP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. The characterization of permeation kinetics generally observed the permeation models previously reported to explain the experimental permeation results obtained for a low molecular weight group of model permeants. In general, the model permeants exhibited behaviour consistent with their relative molecular weights with respect to (a) the time taken to attain steady-state permeation into the food simulant in which they were more soluble, (b) their subsequent steady-state permeation rates, and (c) their partition between liquid paraffin and the OPP membrane.     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. I: Interlaboratory studies of methods of analysis

This paper describes the first part of a project undertaken to develop mussel reference materials for Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning (PSP) toxins. Two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin (STX) and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin (dc-STX) in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the second part of the project: the certification exercise. In the first study, 18 laboratories were asked to measure STX and dc-STX in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and to identify as many other PSP toxins as possible with a method of their choice. In the second interlaboratory study, 15 laboratories were additionally asked to determine quantitatively STX and dc-STX in rehydrated lyophilized mussel and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The first study revealed that three out of four postcolumn derivatization methods and one pre-column derivatization method sufficed in principle to determine STX and dc-STX. Most participants (13 of 18) obtained acceptable calibration curves and recoveries. Saxitoxin was hardly detected in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels and results obtained for dc-STX yielded a CV of 58% at a mass fraction of 1.86 mg/kg. Most participants (14 out of 18) identified gonyautoxin-5 (GTX-5) in a hydrolysed extract provided. The first study led to provisional criteria for linearity, recovery and separation. The second study revealed that 6 out of 15 laboratories were able to meet these criteria. Results obtained for dc-STX yielded a CV of 19% at a mass fraction of 3.49mg/kg. Results obtained for STX in the saxitoxin-enriched material yielded a CV of 19% at a mass fraction of 0.34mg/kg. Saxitoxin could not be detected in the PSP-positive material. Hydrolysis was useful to confirm the identity of GTX5 and provided indicative information about C1 and C2 toxins in the PSP-positive material. The methods used in the second interlaboratory study showed sufficiently consistent analysis results to undertake a certification exercise to assign certified values for STX and dc-STX in lyophilized mussel.     

The Ministry of Environmental Protection Issued "Feasible Technology Guidelines for Pollution Prevention and Control in Wood Pulping Process of the Paper Industry (Trial)" and Two Other Guiding Technical Documents

On December 27t＂, 2013, the Ministry of Environmenta Protection announced that, in order to implement ＂The Environmental Protection Law of the People＇ s Republic of China＂, improve the working system in environmenta protection technologies, and promote technologica advancement in pollution prevention, the Ministry of Environmental Protection sponsored the formulation of three guiding technical documents including ＂Feasible Technology Guidelines for Pollution Prevention and Contro n Wood Pulping Process of the Paper Industry （Trial）＂     

1~(st) Intelli-Tissue~ EcoEc Tissue Machine Supplied by PMP Group Successfully Put into Operation in China

正On April 29th,2014,Intelli-Tissue EcoEc tissue machine supplied by PMP Group successfully put into operation at Hebei Xuesong Paper Co.,Ltd.,this is the first such kind of paper machine of PMP Group in China.