Correlation between instrumental and sensory ratings by evaluation of some texture reference scales

The objective of this study was to investigate instrumental–sensory relationships of some texture scales using argentine foods as references. Textural characteristics of these foods were instrumentally investigated by the texture profile analysis technique. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to describe the main attributes of the food samples. High Pearson’s correlation coefficients were found between hardness and fracturability (r = 0.94; P < 0.0001), hardness and gumminess (r = 0.71; P < 0.0001) and springiness and cohesiveness (r = 0.85; P < 0.0001). PCA identified two significant principal components, which accounted for 81.2% of the variance in the instrumental data. Additionally, a trained panel described the texture characteristics of the food samples according to the standard reference scales. The correlation curves showed nonlinear relationships (R² between 85.6% and 99.9%) which were used to predict sensory attributes of other food samples. Some texture attributes like hardness and fracturability were accurately predicted by mechanical properties, while others like cohesiveness and adhesiveness were less representative.     

特香型白酒风味轮的构建及典型感官特性描述研究

参照国内外酒类风味轮的建立的方法及国际标准ISO11035感官描述语选择方法,对31种特香型酒样,包括不同年份原酒、典型成品酒等进行感官描述分析,获得特香型白酒风味描述语,首次绘制得特香型白酒风味轮。进一步利用多元统计分析方法确定了重要的、具有典型差异的风味轮廓描述语,包括9种味觉描述语和11种嗅觉描述语。这些描述语经由品评小组应用于特香型白酒描述分析,表明可以表征特香型白酒主要的风味感官特征,可用于特香型白酒描述性感官分析。     

FP/QDA法在无糖酸奶感官性质分析中的比较

分别利用Flash Profile(FP)法和定量描述分析(QDA)法对4种市售无糖酸奶进行了描述性分析.FP法中10名未经训练的和QDA法中6名经过培训的感官评价员分别建立感官描述词,对所有样品进行感官特征评价,并对得到的数据进行了方差分析、主成分分析和系统聚类分析.结果 表明,两种方法都能将样品合理分类,但所分类别...     

食品脆度的客观表征及其通用测量公式的研究

食品的脆度指标因构成因素复杂,虽有少量探索,目前为止尚没有形成比较一致的客观表征和测量方法。本研究以具有脆度属性要求的各种蔬菜水果类食品为对象,建立食品的感官脆度评价与仪器测定质构图中提取的各种参数的相关性。把所得的力、斜率、面积、面积/ 距离等参数与感官平均脆度值进行相关性分析,结果表明：斜率与感官脆度值具有最高的相关性,据此建立脆度指标的表征模型。以饼干类食品对该模型进行验证,表明该模型对蔬菜水果及饼干类食品有较好的应用前景。     

响应面法优化奶油酶解工艺条件的研究

奶油酶解增香的研究大多是以奶油或无水奶油为原料,利用不同来源的脂肪酶对乳脂肪进行适当酶解,通过控制酶解程度得到具有不同香气特征的酶解产物.风味剖面检验法是一种综合考虑样品中评价员可感知到的感官品质特征并对其相应强度进行定性描述的检验方法,在样品风味特征分析中具有重要作用.本研究在单因素实验初步优化的基础上,以Box - Behnken中心组合设计为依据,采用响应面分析方法确定得到脂肪酶Palatase 20,000L酶解奶油的最佳酶解工艺条件为:底物浓度为92％ (w/w),温度48℃,pH8.3.同时采用感官风味剖面特征分析,对不同酶解时间的奶油酶解产物样品的感官特征进行评价,最终确定得到酶解时间为4h的酶解产物的感官品质最佳,其奶酪味浓郁,酸味适中,且皂味、苦涩味和蜡味等不良风味强度较低.     

Lipid degradation and sensory characteristics of M. biceps femoris in dry‐cured hams from Duroc using three different processing methods

Hams from Norwegian Duroc pigs, reared and fed identically, were dry‐cured using three different processing methods: Spanish Serrano (SS), Norwegian Parma‐style (PS) and deboning before curing (ND). The fatty acid compositions of the green and dry‐cured hams were analysed in terms of their neutral lipid, phospholipid and free fatty acid contents and correlated with sensory attributes. Although the three dry‐curing processes were quite different, the hams′ lipid profiles, lipid degradation patterns and lipid‐associated sensorial characteristics differed only slightly. The phospholipids were the most extensively degraded lipid class (88, 89% and 84% degradation in PS, SS and ND hams, respectively) for all processing methods. The SS and PS hams had slightly riper sensory profiles due to their extensive conversion of fatty acids into aroma components. The free fatty acid contents of PS, SS and ND hams were 6.3, 6.2 and 7.5 times greater than those of green hams, respectively.