超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法快速测定动物组织中地塞米松与倍他米松药物残留

在承担糖皮质激素风险监测任务时,发现2个现行有效的关于检测动物组织中糖皮质激素的国家标准(农业部1031号公告-2—2008《动物源性食品中糖皮质激素类药物多残留检测 液相色谱-串联质谱法》和GB/T 21981—2008《动物源食品中激素多残留检测方法 液相色谱-质谱/质谱法》)中的样品前处理均采用了固相萃取方法,从而导致了检测过程中过柱净化烦琐、氮吹浓缩时间长、检测成本高、生态环境不友好等诸多弊端。在经过大量实验研究及经实际工作应用检验的基础上,研究简化了动物组织中地塞米松和倍他米松残留检测中样品前处理固相萃取过柱和氮吹过程,建立了快速、准确、灵敏的动物组织(牛肝、牛肉、猪肝与猪肉)中残留的地塞米松和倍他米松的超高效液相色谱-串联质谱的同时检测方法。样品在盐析条件下经乙腈提取,正己烷脱脂,采用电喷雾多反应监测、负离子模式测定,对动物组织中地塞米松和倍他米松进行定性和定量。地塞米松和倍他米松的检出限可达0.5μg/kg,定量限可达1.0μg/kg。在地塞米松和倍他米松的质量浓度为0.1~50.0μg/L,峰强度与质量浓度的线性关系良好(R²>0.99)。在地塞米松和倍他米松的1.0、2.0、5.0μg/kg添加浓度下,方法的平均回收率在83.3%~98.2%。希望该研究可为实验室大批量检测此类药物在动物组织中的残留提供一定的借鉴。     

QuEChERS-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定 蜂蜜中41种糖皮质激素

目的建立超高效液相色谱-串联质谱检测蜂蜜中41种糖皮质激素的分析方法。方法样品用0.1%乙酸溶液及乙腈溶液提取后,经QuEChERS分散固相萃取剂进行净化,采用Agilent Eclipse Plus C_(18)(100 mm×2.1mm,1.8μm)分离,以0.1%乙酸水溶液及乙腈(含0.1%乙酸)为流动相进行梯度洗脱,电喷雾离子源正离子多反应监测(multiple reaction monitoring, MRM)模式串联质谱进行测定。结果在优化条件下, 41种化合物在5.0～200.0μg/kg含量范围内有良好的线性相关性。在5.0、50、200μg/kg添加水平的回收率为83.9%～111.2%,相对标准偏差(relative standard deviation, RSD, n=6)小于10%。结论该方法快速、简单、准确,适用于蜂蜜中41种糖皮质激素残留的定性、定量分析。     

液相质谱法同时检测猪肉中氯霉素和地塞米松

建立一种利用高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时检测猪肉中氯霉素和地塞米松药物残留的方法。猪肉样品中的药物残留经乙酸乙酯提取后,经氮气吹干,残渣溶解后过Silica柱,洗脱液经氮气吹干,用初始流动相溶解定容。用Shim-pack GIST C18色谱柱(150 mm×2.1 mm,5μm)分离,以纯水-甲醇为流动相进行梯度洗脱,质谱采用多反应监测模式,氯霉素以内标法定量,地塞米松以外标法定量。在5 min内完成了两种目标化合物的分离分析。氯霉素和地塞米松在0.2μg/kg～40μg/kg范围内线性关系良好,相关系数r2分别为0.999 9和0.999 7。氯霉素添加水平在1、2.5、5μg/kg时,回收率在90.54%～101.73%之间;地塞米松添加量在0.5、2.5、5μg/kg时,回收率在83.82%～87.5%之间;批内标准偏差和批间标准偏差均小于10%(n=5),方法定量限均小于0.15μg/kg。     

QuEChERS-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法快速测定化妆品中糖皮质激素类药物

目的建立QuEChERS-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法快速测定化妆品中16种糖皮质激素类药物的检测方法。方法样品经1%(V/V)甲酸-乙腈提取,加入氯化钠进行盐析,提取液经C₁₈50 mg、N-丙基乙二胺(primary secondary amine,PSA)100 mg、MgSO₄150 mg净化,采用Thermo Acclaim RSLC 120 C₁₈(2.1 mm×100 mm,2.2μm)进行分离,电喷雾正离子多反应监测扫描(multiple reaction monitoring,MRM)模式下进行测定,外标法定量。结果16种糖皮质激素在线性范围1~100 ng/mL内线性良好,相关系数r²在0.991~0.999之间,方法定量限为10μg/kg,16种糖皮质激素平均回收率在76.5%~109.3%之间,相对标准偏差为0.77%~2.41%。结论该方法操作简单、净化效果好、灵敏度、准确度和精密度均符合多残留检测技术要求,解决了化妆品中糖皮质激素类药物检测提取过程过于繁琐的问题,可为化妆品检测提供更方便、更快捷的检测方法支持。     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定水产制品中22种全氟烷基物质

目的 建立超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时检测水产制品中22种全氟烷基物质(perfluorinatedalkyl substances,PFASs)定性定量检测方法。方法 选取基质成分复杂的水产制品作为检测目标。样品经乙腈(含1%甲酸)提取液涡旋振荡提取,分散固相萃取结合通过式固相萃取柱进行净化, C₁₈色谱柱分离,甲醇和5 mmol/L乙酸铵溶液梯度洗脱,多反应监测负离子模式采集,同位素内标法定量。结果 22种PFASs在其相应的质量浓度范围内线性关系良好,相关系数大于0.994,定量限为0.10-0.25μg/kg。两种样品中添加定量限、1.0μg/kg和10.0μg/kg浓度水平时平均回收率在71.8%-98.2%之间,相对标准偏差为3.9%-10.9%。结论 该方法抗干扰性强、前处理操作简便、分析速度快、灵敏度高,适用于水产制品中22种PFASs的快速精确检测。     

固相萃取-高效液相色谱法测定卤菜中的蒂巴因

建立一种快速、高效测定卤菜中的蒂巴因的固相萃取-高效液相色谱方法。样品前处理采用乙腈-水溶剂提取,经固相萃取柱净化后检测。以乙腈-0.01%三乙胺水溶液(70∶30, V/V)作为流动相,用荧光检测器检测,外标法峰面积定量。结果表明,蒂巴因在0.5～50.0μg/mL质量浓度范围内线性关系良好,相关系数r2为0.999 9,检出限为0.20μg/kg,定量限为0.60μg/kg,在1.0, 10.0和50.0μg/kg三个添加水平进行加标回收试验(n=5),加标回收率达到91.5%～94.2%。该方法具有前处理简单、净化效果好、灵敏度高和检测速度快的优点,适用于卤菜样品中蒂巴因的分离和定量检测。     

液相色谱-串联质谱法检测速冻调制肉制品中糖皮质激素类药物残留

建立液相色谱-串联质谱法检测速冻调制肉制品中糖皮质激素类药物残留的方法。样品经乙酸乙酯提取后,过Silica固相萃取柱净化,最后用乙腈定容,经液相色谱-串联质谱仪测定。样品采用外标峰面积法进行定量,该方法的最小检出限量分别为0.2、0.5、1.0μg/kg,定量限分别为0.5、1.0、2.0μg/kg,添加回收率范围为85.0%～96.4%,RSD为2.3%～6.1%。     

高效液相色谱法测定牛奶中氯羟吡啶的残留量

建立了牛奶中氯羟吡啶残留检测的高效液相色谱方法。样品经乙腈提取,碱性氧化铝固相萃取柱净化分离,收集流出液用氮吹仪吹干,浓缩液用1 m L体积分数为50%甲醇溶解,以磷酸盐缓冲液(p H=7.0)∶乙腈(85∶15)为流动相,用0.22μm微孔有机滤膜过滤上机。结果表明,氯羟吡啶在0~300μg/kg,质量分数范围内呈现良好的线性关系,相关系数R2大于0.99,定性检出限为5μg/kg,定量检出限为15μg/kg,从20,30,100,200和300μg/kg,5个水平添加质量分数检测结果可以看出,方法回收率在87.34%~93.52%,相对标准偏差3.67%~6.71%。     

高效液相色谱串联质谱法测定饲料中8种利尿剂药物

本研究旨在建立一种高效液相色谱串联质谱法测定饲料中8种利尿剂的检测方法。样品经乙腈提取,HLB固相萃取小柱净化,氮吹浓缩,以10 mmol/L乙酸铵水溶液(含0.1%甲酸)和乙腈为流动相,C_(18)色谱柱梯度洗脱分离,采用电喷雾正、负离子源同时采集,多反应监测模式进行检测。结果表明,该方法8种化合物在(2.00～100) ng/ml的范围内均有良好的线性,相关系数r~20.99。添加浓度水平为(2.00～10.0)μg/kg时,平均回收率为68.7%～104.8%,相对标准偏差为2.3%～5.0%,方法检出限为(0.1～0.5)μg/kg,定量限为(0.3～1.5)μg/kg。该方法简便、快速、结果准确度高,适用于饲料中利尿剂的检测。     

UPLC-MS/MS法分析茶叶中的灭多威农药残留

建立了检测茶叶中灭多威残留的超高效液相色谱-串联质谱(UPLC-MS-MS)分析方法。茶叶样品经乙腈提取,氨基固相萃取柱净化,反相液相色谱对样品进行分离,采用多反应监测模式(MRM)进行定性、定量分析。结果表明:方法检出限为0.5μg/kg,定量限为2.0μg/kg;当添加浓度水平为10、100μg/kg时,加标回收率为71.9%～113.5%,相对标准偏差为5.3%～12.5%。该法灵敏度高、干扰小、定性准确,适用于茶叶中灭多威残留检测,同时可作为液相色谱检测的验证方法。     

Textural Properties of Cold-set Gels Induced from Heat-denatured Whey Protein Isolates

A 9% whey protein (WP) isolate solution at pH 7.0 was heat-denatured at 80°C for 30 min. Size-exclusion HPLC showed that native WP formed soluble aggregates after heat-treatment. Additions of CaCl2 (10–40 mM), NaCl (50–400 mM) or glucono-delta-lactone (GDL, 0.4–2.0%, w/v) or hydrolysis by a protease from Bacillus licheniformis caused gelation of the denatured solution at 45°C. Textural parameters, hardness, adhesiveness, and cohesiveness of the gels so formed changed markedly with concentration of added salts or pH by added GDL. Maximum gel hardness occurred at 200 mM NaCl or pH 4.7. Increasing CaCl2 concentration continuously increased gel hardness. Generally, GDL-induced gels were harder than salt-induced gels, and much harder than the protease-induced gel.     

Occurrence of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in fish canned in oil

The levels of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) were quantified as part of a European survey on the migration of residues of epoxy resins into oil from canned fish. The contents of BFDGE in cans, lids and fish collected from all 15 Member States of the European Union and Switzerland were analysed in 382 samples. Cans and lids were separately extracted with acetonitrile. The extraction from fish was carried out with hexane followed by re-extraction with acetonitrile. The analysis was performed by reverse phase HPL C with fluorescence detection. BFDGE could be detected in 12% of the fish, 24% of the cans and 18% of the lids. Only 3% of the fish contained BFDGE in concentrations considerably above 1mg/kg. In addition to the presented data, a comparison was made with the levels of BADGE (bisphenol-A-diglycidyl ether)analysed in the same products in the context of a previous study.     

Contribution of European research to risk analysis

The European Commission's, Quality of Life Research Programme, Key Action 1—Health, Food & Nutrition is mission-oriented and aims, amongst other things, at providing a healthy, safe and high-quality food supply leading to reinforced consumer confidence in the safety of European food. Its objectives also include the enhancing of the competitiveness of the European food supply. Key Action 1 is currently supporting a number of different types of European collaborative projects in the area of risk analysis. The objectives of these projects range from the development and validation of prevention strategies including the reduction of consumers risks; development and validation of new modelling approaches; harmonization of risk assessment principles, methodologies, and terminology; standardization of methods and systems used for the safety evaluation of transgenic food; providing of tools for the evaluation of human viral contamination of shellfish and quality control; new methodologies for assessing the potential of unintended effects of genetically modified (genetically modified) foods; development of a risk assessment model for Cryptosporidium parvum related to the food and water industries; to the development of a communication platform for genetically modified organism, producers, retailers, regulatory authorities and consumer groups to improve safety assessment procedures, risk management strategies and risk communication; development and validation of new methods for safety testing of transgenic food; evaluation of the safety and efficacy of iron supplementation in pregnant women; evaluation of the potential cancer-preventing activity of pro- and pre-biotic ('synbiotic') combinations in human volunteers. An overview of these projects is presented here.     

低温带皮菜籽粕微粉的不同粒级部分的功能特性

为研究低温带皮菜籽粕微粉的不同粒级部分的功能特性,以经低温脱脂的带皮菜籽粕为原料,经微粉碎后筛分成212~425μm、150~212μm和106~150μm的3个不同粒级的微粉样品,检测这些样品的吸水性、吸油性、乳化性和乳化稳定性、蛋白质体外消化率。结果表明:1 3个不同粒级的微粉样品之间的粗纤维含量存在显著差异,表明三者的结构组成成分有一定差异。23个微粉样品的乳化活性和乳化稳定性随粒度级别的减小而显著增加(P0.01)。33个微粉样品的蛋白质体外消化率随粒度级别的减小而显著增加(P0.01)。4不同粒级带皮菜籽粕微粉样品的吸水性与吸油性受其结构组成物质不同和粒度的双重影响,与粒度的相关性不明显。     

Microbiology of food taints

Fresh and processed foods are often spoilt by the presence of undesirable flavours and odours caused by microbial action. The aim of this paper is to review the current knowledge of microbiologically induced taints that occur in a wide range of foodstuffs, including meats, poultry, fish, crustaceans, milk, dairy products, fruits, vegetables, cereals and cereal products. Examples have been chosen where the compounds responsible for the taint have been identified and sufficient data obtained to demonstrate the involvement of microorganisms. However, in some cases the full identity of the causative organism may not have been elucidated. The types of microorganisms covered by this review include bacteria, fungi, yeasts, actinomycetes and cyanobacteria. Although cyanobacteria do not in general infect foods, their presence in aqueous systems and water supplies can lead to off-flavours in aquatic organisms and processed foodstuffs. Several examples of each of these processes are discussed. Wherever possible, the likely biosynthetic pathway used by the microorganism to produce the offending compound in a foodstuff is indicated.     

Analysis for organic residues from aids to polymerization used to make plastics intended for food contact

Polymers intended for food contact use have been analysed for organic residues which could be attributed to a range of substances employed as polymerization aids (e.g. initiators and catalysts). A wide range of polymers was extracted with solvents and the extracts analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The overwhelming majority of substances identified were not derived from aids to polymerization but were oligomers, additives and adventitious contaminants. However, a small number of substances were identified as initiator residues. These included tetramethylsuccinonitrile (TMSN) which was observed in two polymers and it derived from recombination of two azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) initiator radicals. Methyl benzoate, benzoic acid, biphenyl and phenyl benzoate were detected in one poly(methyl methacrylate) sample and in two polyvinylchlorides and they are thought to be derived from benzoyl peroxide initiator. TMSN was subsequently targeted for analysis of poly-(methyl methacrylate) plastics using proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry (¹     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part II: Medium molecular weight permeants

Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of different medium molecular weight model permeants: bisphenol A, warfarin and anthracene, from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 microns-thick orientated polypropylene--OPP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. The characterization of permeation kinetics generally observed the permeation models previously reported to explain the experimental permeation results obtained for a low molecular weight group of model permeants. In general, the model permeants exhibited behaviour consistent with their relative molecular weights with respect to (a) the time taken to attain steady-state permeation into the food simulant in which they were more soluble, (b) their subsequent steady-state permeation rates, and (c) their partition between liquid paraffin and the OPP membrane.     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. I: Interlaboratory studies of methods of analysis

This paper describes the first part of a project undertaken to develop mussel reference materials for Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning (PSP) toxins. Two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin (STX) and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin (dc-STX) in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the second part of the project: the certification exercise. In the first study, 18 laboratories were asked to measure STX and dc-STX in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and to identify as many other PSP toxins as possible with a method of their choice. In the second interlaboratory study, 15 laboratories were additionally asked to determine quantitatively STX and dc-STX in rehydrated lyophilized mussel and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The first study revealed that three out of four postcolumn derivatization methods and one pre-column derivatization method sufficed in principle to determine STX and dc-STX. Most participants (13 of 18) obtained acceptable calibration curves and recoveries. Saxitoxin was hardly detected in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels and results obtained for dc-STX yielded a CV of 58% at a mass fraction of 1.86 mg/kg. Most participants (14 out of 18) identified gonyautoxin-5 (GTX-5) in a hydrolysed extract provided. The first study led to provisional criteria for linearity, recovery and separation. The second study revealed that 6 out of 15 laboratories were able to meet these criteria. Results obtained for dc-STX yielded a CV of 19% at a mass fraction of 3.49mg/kg. Results obtained for STX in the saxitoxin-enriched material yielded a CV of 19% at a mass fraction of 0.34mg/kg. Saxitoxin could not be detected in the PSP-positive material. Hydrolysis was useful to confirm the identity of GTX5 and provided indicative information about C1 and C2 toxins in the PSP-positive material. The methods used in the second interlaboratory study showed sufficiently consistent analysis results to undertake a certification exercise to assign certified values for STX and dc-STX in lyophilized mussel.     

The Ministry of Environmental Protection Issued "Feasible Technology Guidelines for Pollution Prevention and Control in Wood Pulping Process of the Paper Industry (Trial)" and Two Other Guiding Technical Documents

On December 27t＂, 2013, the Ministry of Environmenta Protection announced that, in order to implement ＂The Environmental Protection Law of the People＇ s Republic of China＂, improve the working system in environmenta protection technologies, and promote technologica advancement in pollution prevention, the Ministry of Environmental Protection sponsored the formulation of three guiding technical documents including ＂Feasible Technology Guidelines for Pollution Prevention and Contro n Wood Pulping Process of the Paper Industry （Trial）＂     

1~(st) Intelli-Tissue~ EcoEc Tissue Machine Supplied by PMP Group Successfully Put into Operation in China

正On April 29th,2014,Intelli-Tissue EcoEc tissue machine supplied by PMP Group successfully put into operation at Hebei Xuesong Paper Co.,Ltd.,this is the first such kind of paper machine of PMP Group in China.