新型白酒糖化发酵剂的制作工艺研究

针对传统浓香型白酒制曲时间长、质量受地域环境影响大、不易控制等特征,进行了多菌株复合制曲新工艺的研究。结果显示,采用从浓香型白酒窖池糟醅中分离纯化的微生物菌株,配合基因工程菌株的使用,制作成新型白酒糖化发酵剂,用于实验室模拟窖池发酵生产新型白酒,其产品的口味较好,并为优化新型制曲工艺提供了有价值的参考数据。     

提高浓香型白酒优质品率的技术措施

要提高浓香型白酒的优质品率，首先要使用高质量的大曲，适当提高制曲温度，接入经筛选扩大培养的多种微生物强化制曲，做好大曲的培养、管理工作。其次，要提高窖泥质量。窖池是浓香型白酒生产的基础，窖泥质量的好坏直接决定着酒质的优劣，要加强对窖池的养护，保证窖池的良好状态。第三，生产工艺操作技术是保证浓香型白酒质量的关键，要严格遵循所规定的入池条件及蒸馏操作规程等操作技术。     

浓香型白酒生产工艺与质量关系的思考

浓香型白酒酿造工艺分别为原料处理、出窖、配料和搅拌、蒸酒蒸粮、打量水、摊凉、撒曲、入窖、封窖发酵。浓香型发酵原酒的质量因地区、原料、窖池、工艺、技术等差异而相距甚远。如今,酿酒的技术不断进步,浓香型白酒的制造工艺也不断改善。在不同地区,浓香型白酒的口味仍有一定的区别。现通过浓香型白酒酿造工艺,分析其和质量之间的关系。     

中国浓香型白酒窖池微生态研究进展

对浓香型白酒在中国白酒工业中的地位及窖池发酵生产技术做了简单介绍，对中国浓香型白酒窖池微生态的基本概念、研究现状、窖池微生态研究的发展趋势进行了阐述。     

换糟配料工艺在浓香型白酒机械化酿造生产中的应用

针对浓香型白酒机械化酿造生产中,老窖池升温幅度小、产酒少,新窖池产酒多、质量欠佳的工艺技术问题,提出了一种新型浓香型白酒酿造工艺模式,此工艺目的是稳定老窖池产量,提高新窖池质量,达到产、质均衡。研究表明,与对比窖相比,实验老窖池出酒率高出3.18个百分点,优级酒及以上产量与对比窖池无显著差异;实验新窖池取优率高出8.04个百分点,多产优级酒及以上产量52.68 kg,酒质显著提升。     

浓香型白酒窖池主要功能性微生物的研究进展

窖池微生物对中国白酒风味物质的形成起重要作用.综述了浓香型白酒发酵窖池中主要产香功能性微生物的组成、鉴定方法、功能特性、相互关系及其在浓香型白酒生产过程中的应用等方面的研究进展,旨为浓香型白酒重要微生物的研究提供思路,为其发酵过程的控制提供理论依据.     

新型白酒糖化发酵剂的制作工艺研究

针对传统浓香型白酒制曲的时间长、工艺复杂、不易控制等问题进行了新型制曲工艺的研究。结果显示，采用窖池糟醅中分离的微生物制成菌悬液，DHA2．4％细菌类培养物，5％酵母菌类培养物，4％霉菌类培养物，37℃培养4d制作糖化发酵剂，测其糖化力、液化力、发酵力均与传统优质曲接近且制作方法简便、快速，为理想的糖化发酵剂制作工艺。     

乳泉井酒独特风味形成的关键技术

乳泉井酒属于浓香型白酒,具有独特的风味,是全国白酒质量优秀产品。主要介绍乳泉井酒生产工艺的关键技术,并分别对发酵生香、曲饼制备、蒸馏提香、过程管理等环节进行了讨论。总结出了"一长二高三适当"原则"、名酒复合窖池培养新工艺"、"制曲新工艺"、"复式新工艺"等技术要点。     

控温发酵对浓香型白酒品质变化趋势的研究

利用换热装置控制浓香型白酒窖池的发酵温度,通过对正常发酵与控温发酵窖池糟醅中的水分、酸度、总糖、总酯及香味成分等理化因子进行跟踪监测,探讨发酵温度对窖池糟醅理化因子的影响和对浓香型白酒品质的作用。结果表明,控温措施作用明显,控温条件下进行发酵对突出浓香型白酒的特色具有显著作用。     

TH－AADY在浓香型白酒生产中的应用

应用耐高温活性干酵母（简称ＴＨ－ＡＡＤＹ）在浓香型大曲酒、串香白酒、液体窖泥培养、制曲等生产过程进行试验。结果表明：产品质量稳中有升，浓香型大曲酒原料出酒率提高５．９７％，串香型白酒出酒率提高６．３２％，并且可增加窖泥培养液中梭状芽孢杆菌，对热季制曲穿衣也有突出的效果。     

Textural Properties of Cold-set Gels Induced from Heat-denatured Whey Protein Isolates

A 9% whey protein (WP) isolate solution at pH 7.0 was heat-denatured at 80°C for 30 min. Size-exclusion HPLC showed that native WP formed soluble aggregates after heat-treatment. Additions of CaCl2 (10–40 mM), NaCl (50–400 mM) or glucono-delta-lactone (GDL, 0.4–2.0%, w/v) or hydrolysis by a protease from Bacillus licheniformis caused gelation of the denatured solution at 45°C. Textural parameters, hardness, adhesiveness, and cohesiveness of the gels so formed changed markedly with concentration of added salts or pH by added GDL. Maximum gel hardness occurred at 200 mM NaCl or pH 4.7. Increasing CaCl2 concentration continuously increased gel hardness. Generally, GDL-induced gels were harder than salt-induced gels, and much harder than the protease-induced gel.     

Occurrence of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in fish canned in oil

The levels of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) were quantified as part of a European survey on the migration of residues of epoxy resins into oil from canned fish. The contents of BFDGE in cans, lids and fish collected from all 15 Member States of the European Union and Switzerland were analysed in 382 samples. Cans and lids were separately extracted with acetonitrile. The extraction from fish was carried out with hexane followed by re-extraction with acetonitrile. The analysis was performed by reverse phase HPL C with fluorescence detection. BFDGE could be detected in 12% of the fish, 24% of the cans and 18% of the lids. Only 3% of the fish contained BFDGE in concentrations considerably above 1mg/kg. In addition to the presented data, a comparison was made with the levels of BADGE (bisphenol-A-diglycidyl ether)analysed in the same products in the context of a previous study.     

Contribution of European research to risk analysis

The European Commission's, Quality of Life Research Programme, Key Action 1—Health, Food & Nutrition is mission-oriented and aims, amongst other things, at providing a healthy, safe and high-quality food supply leading to reinforced consumer confidence in the safety of European food. Its objectives also include the enhancing of the competitiveness of the European food supply. Key Action 1 is currently supporting a number of different types of European collaborative projects in the area of risk analysis. The objectives of these projects range from the development and validation of prevention strategies including the reduction of consumers risks; development and validation of new modelling approaches; harmonization of risk assessment principles, methodologies, and terminology; standardization of methods and systems used for the safety evaluation of transgenic food; providing of tools for the evaluation of human viral contamination of shellfish and quality control; new methodologies for assessing the potential of unintended effects of genetically modified (genetically modified) foods; development of a risk assessment model for Cryptosporidium parvum related to the food and water industries; to the development of a communication platform for genetically modified organism, producers, retailers, regulatory authorities and consumer groups to improve safety assessment procedures, risk management strategies and risk communication; development and validation of new methods for safety testing of transgenic food; evaluation of the safety and efficacy of iron supplementation in pregnant women; evaluation of the potential cancer-preventing activity of pro- and pre-biotic ('synbiotic') combinations in human volunteers. An overview of these projects is presented here.     

低温带皮菜籽粕微粉的不同粒级部分的功能特性

为研究低温带皮菜籽粕微粉的不同粒级部分的功能特性,以经低温脱脂的带皮菜籽粕为原料,经微粉碎后筛分成212~425μm、150~212μm和106~150μm的3个不同粒级的微粉样品,检测这些样品的吸水性、吸油性、乳化性和乳化稳定性、蛋白质体外消化率。结果表明:1 3个不同粒级的微粉样品之间的粗纤维含量存在显著差异,表明三者的结构组成成分有一定差异。23个微粉样品的乳化活性和乳化稳定性随粒度级别的减小而显著增加(P0.01)。33个微粉样品的蛋白质体外消化率随粒度级别的减小而显著增加(P0.01)。4不同粒级带皮菜籽粕微粉样品的吸水性与吸油性受其结构组成物质不同和粒度的双重影响,与粒度的相关性不明显。     

Microbiology of food taints

Fresh and processed foods are often spoilt by the presence of undesirable flavours and odours caused by microbial action. The aim of this paper is to review the current knowledge of microbiologically induced taints that occur in a wide range of foodstuffs, including meats, poultry, fish, crustaceans, milk, dairy products, fruits, vegetables, cereals and cereal products. Examples have been chosen where the compounds responsible for the taint have been identified and sufficient data obtained to demonstrate the involvement of microorganisms. However, in some cases the full identity of the causative organism may not have been elucidated. The types of microorganisms covered by this review include bacteria, fungi, yeasts, actinomycetes and cyanobacteria. Although cyanobacteria do not in general infect foods, their presence in aqueous systems and water supplies can lead to off-flavours in aquatic organisms and processed foodstuffs. Several examples of each of these processes are discussed. Wherever possible, the likely biosynthetic pathway used by the microorganism to produce the offending compound in a foodstuff is indicated.     

Analysis for organic residues from aids to polymerization used to make plastics intended for food contact

Polymers intended for food contact use have been analysed for organic residues which could be attributed to a range of substances employed as polymerization aids (e.g. initiators and catalysts). A wide range of polymers was extracted with solvents and the extracts analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The overwhelming majority of substances identified were not derived from aids to polymerization but were oligomers, additives and adventitious contaminants. However, a small number of substances were identified as initiator residues. These included tetramethylsuccinonitrile (TMSN) which was observed in two polymers and it derived from recombination of two azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) initiator radicals. Methyl benzoate, benzoic acid, biphenyl and phenyl benzoate were detected in one poly(methyl methacrylate) sample and in two polyvinylchlorides and they are thought to be derived from benzoyl peroxide initiator. TMSN was subsequently targeted for analysis of poly-(methyl methacrylate) plastics using proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry (¹     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part II: Medium molecular weight permeants

Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of different medium molecular weight model permeants: bisphenol A, warfarin and anthracene, from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 microns-thick orientated polypropylene--OPP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. The characterization of permeation kinetics generally observed the permeation models previously reported to explain the experimental permeation results obtained for a low molecular weight group of model permeants. In general, the model permeants exhibited behaviour consistent with their relative molecular weights with respect to (a) the time taken to attain steady-state permeation into the food simulant in which they were more soluble, (b) their subsequent steady-state permeation rates, and (c) their partition between liquid paraffin and the OPP membrane.     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. I: Interlaboratory studies of methods of analysis

This paper describes the first part of a project undertaken to develop mussel reference materials for Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning (PSP) toxins. Two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin (STX) and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin (dc-STX) in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the second part of the project: the certification exercise. In the first study, 18 laboratories were asked to measure STX and dc-STX in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and to identify as many other PSP toxins as possible with a method of their choice. In the second interlaboratory study, 15 laboratories were additionally asked to determine quantitatively STX and dc-STX in rehydrated lyophilized mussel and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The first study revealed that three out of four postcolumn derivatization methods and one pre-column derivatization method sufficed in principle to determine STX and dc-STX. Most participants (13 of 18) obtained acceptable calibration curves and recoveries. Saxitoxin was hardly detected in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels and results obtained for dc-STX yielded a CV of 58% at a mass fraction of 1.86 mg/kg. Most participants (14 out of 18) identified gonyautoxin-5 (GTX-5) in a hydrolysed extract provided. The first study led to provisional criteria for linearity, recovery and separation. The second study revealed that 6 out of 15 laboratories were able to meet these criteria. Results obtained for dc-STX yielded a CV of 19% at a mass fraction of 3.49mg/kg. Results obtained for STX in the saxitoxin-enriched material yielded a CV of 19% at a mass fraction of 0.34mg/kg. Saxitoxin could not be detected in the PSP-positive material. Hydrolysis was useful to confirm the identity of GTX5 and provided indicative information about C1 and C2 toxins in the PSP-positive material. The methods used in the second interlaboratory study showed sufficiently consistent analysis results to undertake a certification exercise to assign certified values for STX and dc-STX in lyophilized mussel.     

The Ministry of Environmental Protection Issued "Feasible Technology Guidelines for Pollution Prevention and Control in Wood Pulping Process of the Paper Industry (Trial)" and Two Other Guiding Technical Documents

On December 27t＂, 2013, the Ministry of Environmenta Protection announced that, in order to implement ＂The Environmental Protection Law of the People＇ s Republic of China＂, improve the working system in environmenta protection technologies, and promote technologica advancement in pollution prevention, the Ministry of Environmental Protection sponsored the formulation of three guiding technical documents including ＂Feasible Technology Guidelines for Pollution Prevention and Contro n Wood Pulping Process of the Paper Industry （Trial）＂     

1~(st) Intelli-Tissue~ EcoEc Tissue Machine Supplied by PMP Group Successfully Put into Operation in China

正On April 29th,2014,Intelli-Tissue EcoEc tissue machine supplied by PMP Group successfully put into operation at Hebei Xuesong Paper Co.,Ltd.,this is the first such kind of paper machine of PMP Group in China.