酸水解处理对荷叶抗氧化活性的影响

在前期发现荷叶具有很强抗氧化活性的基础上,对酸水解其粗提物和有效部位对其抗氧化能力的影响进行了研究。结果表明,盐酸水解后,荷叶粗提物抗氧化能力得到显著提高。粗提物总还原力(OD700)由0.092±0.001提高到0.111±0.001,FRAP(ferric-reducing antioxidant power)法抗氧化能力(OD593)由0.606±0.004提高到0.863±0.001,DPPH(1,1-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl)自由基清除率由29.371%±0.393%提高到90.462%±0.393%,羟自由基清除率从42.456%±2.391%提高到73.196%±0.585%,超氧阴离子清除率由60.328%±1.808%提高到77.330%±6.983%,有效部位总抗氧化力(OD695)由0.540±0.024提高到0.802±0.025。结果证明酸水解是进一步提高荷叶抗氧化能力的有效手段。     

金针菇提取物不同组分的抗氧化活性

通过比较金针菇提取物不同组分(石油醚相、乙酸乙酯相、正丁醇相及水相)的总酚含量和抗氧化活性(还原力、DPPH自由基、羟自由基的清除能力和超氧阴离子自由基清除能力),明确高的抗氧化活性组分群。结果表明,其中乙酸乙酯相的总酚含量(15.8 mg/g)、还原力(15.70%)、DPPH自由基清除率(28.30%)、羟自由基清除率(33.53%)和超氧阴离子自由基清除率(33.20%)均为最高,为金针菇的有效组分。金针菇提取物中的总酚含量与抗氧化活性具有极显著正相关性(p0.05);因此,酚类物质是金针菇具有抗氧化能力的物质基础,乙酸乙酯可作为金针菇提取物的萃取剂。     

黄秋葵花提取物不同极性部位抗氧化活性的研究

为确定黄秋葵花提取物的抗氧化活性,采用有机溶剂萃取法将黄秋葵花提取物分为乙酸乙酯相和水相2个不同极性部位,测定不同极性部位提取物中总黄酮及多酚的含量,分析其还原能力、(1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl)DPPH自由基清除能力、超氧阴离子自由基清除能力和羟自由基清除能力,比较黄秋葵花不同极性部位提取物的抗氧化作用。结果表明,黄秋葵花提取物的不同极性部位均有抗氧化活性作用,其中乙酸乙酯相部位提取物的羟自由基清除能力和超氧阴离子清除能力均强于水相提取部位,而水相提取部位的还原力和DPPH自由基清除能力强于乙酸乙酯相部位提取物。本研究将为黄秋葵花抗氧化功能食品的研究与开发提供理论依据。     

荷叶活性物质超声、微波辅助提取比较及人工胃液处理对其抗氧化活性的影响

为了提高荷叶抗氧化活性物质的提取效率及探索体内胃环境消化对荷叶提取物抗氧化活性的影响,本实验采用测定总还原力、总抗氧化力、羟自由基及DPPH自由基清除率的方法对超声和微波辅助提取荷叶抗氧化活性物质的效率进行了比较,并采用人工胃液在体外模拟体内胃环境对荷叶粗提物进行了处理。结果表明,微波辅助提取所得提取液的抗氧化活性(总还原力、总抗氧化力、羟自由基及DPPH自由基清除率)强于超声辅助提取液,其总黄酮和总多酚含量也高于超声辅助提取液;荷叶粗提物经人工胃液处理后,其抗氧化活性(总抗氧化力、羟自由基、超氧阴离子及DPPH自由基清除率)显著增强。     

盐酸水解处理对人参茎叶抗氧化活性的影响

对人参茎叶提取液盐酸水解前后的抗氧化活性进行了比较。以DPPH·、羟自由基、超氧阴离子及ABTS~+·的清除率、还原能力评价抗氧化活性。结果表明经盐酸水解后的人参茎叶水解液对DPPH自由基清除率由75.08%提高至85.12%,羟自由基清除率由43.87%提高至77.90%,超氧阴离子清除率由77.48%提高至90.09%,ABTS~+·清除率由83.40%下降至50.89%,还原能力由55.41%下降至24.48%。结果说明盐酸水解前后的人参茎叶提取液和水解液均有很好的抗氧化作用。     

藏茜草不同溶剂提取物的抗氧化活性研究

采用DPPH自由基清除法、ABTS自由基清除法、羟自由基清除法、超氧阴离子清除法、还原力测定法和螯合力测定法六种抗氧化模型对藏茜草95%乙醇提取物以及石油醚相,乙酸乙酯相,正丁醇相和水相等4个不同极性部位的抗氧化活性进行评价,同时分析抗氧化活性与总酚和总黄酮含量的关系。研究结果表明,除水提部位外,藏茜草其它4个极性部位提取物均表现出一定的抗氧化活性,其抗氧化活性与多酚和总黄酮含量呈显著相关。其中,乙酸乙酯部位总黄酮和总多酚含量最高,抗氧化活性也最强,其总黄酮和总多酚含量分别为(232.03±1.74)mg芦丁当量/g提取物和(173.53±1.75)mg没食子酸当量/g提取物,其清除DPPH自由基、超氧阴离子、羟自由基和ABTS自由基的EC50分别为0.06±0.01、0.17±0.01、(0.24±0.02)mg/m L和(1.75±0.23)μg/m L,对金属离子螯合力的EC50为(0.11±0.01)mg/m L。藏茜草的乙酸乙酯极性部位具有显著的抗氧化活性,是天然抗氧化活性化合物的良好来源。     

定心藤醇提物不同极性部分的体外抗氧化活性研究

研究定心藤75%乙醇提取物不同极性部位的体外抗氧化活性,采用5种不同极性溶剂萃取(石油醚、氯仿、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇、水)得到5种萃取物,分别测定黄酮含量,并通过还原能力测定、DPPH自由基清除能力、羟自由基清除能力和超氧阴离子自由基清除能力4种测定方法,对各萃取物抗氧化能力进行研究。结果显示,各提取物对Fe3+均有一定的还原能力,乙酸乙酯萃取物还原效果最为明显;定心藤不同极性部位均具有一定的抗氧化活性,乙酸乙酯萃取物抗氧化能力最强,DPPH·的半数清除浓度IC50为0.28mg/m L,羟自由基半数清除浓度IC50为0.41mg/m L,在0.2mg/m L浓度下,对超氧阴离子自由基的清除率达到42.88%,而其黄酮含量最高,达到609.96mg/g,这也许与它具有较高的抗氧化活性有关。说明乙酸乙酯萃取物具有较好的开发天然抗氧化剂的前景。     

冬凌草抗氧化活性研究及其成分分析

采用液液萃取法对冬凌草乙醇提取物进行分离,得到石油醚相、氯仿相、乙酸乙酯相和正丁醇相4个不同极性部位。采用超氧阴离子、羟基与DPPH自由基清除实验和还原力实验评价了冬凌草不同极性萃取部位的抗氧化能力,结果表明:乙酸乙酯萃取部位清除3种自由基的能力显著高于石油醚、氯仿和正丁醇萃取部位(P0.01);乙酸乙酯萃取部位对DPPH和羟基自由基的清除结果与Vc相当,对超氧阴离子自由基的清除能力弱于Vc;还原力的大小顺序为Vc乙酸乙酯部位正丁醇部位石油醚部位氯仿部位。GC-MS分析显示,乙酸乙酯萃取部位的主要抗氧化活性成分为多酚类化合物。研究为冬凌草资源的开发提供一定的理论参考。     

豆腐柴叶总黄酮不同溶剂级分抗氧化活性分析

采用1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼自由基、羟自由基、超氧阴离子、还原力、总抗等体外抗氧化活性模型和抗氧化活性综合评价指数,分析四川江油地区不同溶剂萃取的豆腐柴黄酮级分(乙醇、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇、氯仿、水)的抗氧化活性。结果显示,不同浓度乙醇提取总黄酮的1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼自由基清除活性最高。1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼自由基清除率、羟基自由基清除率、ABTS阳离子自由基清除率、总抗和还原力皆随乙醇浓度的升高而呈现先增强后减弱的趋势,超氧阴离子自由基清除率却随乙醇浓度增加一直降低。综合评价指数显示不同浓度乙醇抗氧化活性依次为75%醇提物65%醇提物55%醇提物85%醇提物95%醇提物。乙酸乙酯层萃取物的1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼自由基清除率、总抗、还原力及ABTS阳离子自由基清除率要优于其它各萃取层。正丁醇层萃取物的超氧阴离子自由基清除率要优于其它各萃取层。乙酸乙酯层抗氧化活性最佳。豆腐柴叶总黄酮有较好的抗氧化活性,可作为抗氧化剂或者健康食品原料开发。     

核桃多肽体外抗氧化活性研究

以提取油脂后的核桃渣为原料分离出核桃蛋白,利用酸性、碱性、中性3种蛋白酶复合酶解核桃蛋白,制备水解度高的核桃多肽。通过测定核桃多肽的总还原能力、超氧阴离子自由基(O2-·)清除能力、羟自由基(·OH)清除能力、二苯代苦味酰基自由基(DPPH)清除能力,研究核桃多肽的抗氧化活性大小。结果表明,3种酶协同对核桃蛋白进行水解,水解度可达到45.58%,核桃多肽有一定的体外抗氧化活性,其总还原能力、对羟基自由基、DPPH自由基、超氧阴离子自由基清除率与质量浓度呈量效关系。     

荷叶功能成分的提取及其对自由基清除作用的研究

研究了荷叶中的功能成分黄酮类化合物和生物碱的水提取工艺条件。结果表明 :以水为溶剂来提取荷叶中的黄酮类化合物及生物碱时 ,较佳的工艺条件为 ,m (水 )∶m(荷叶 ) =30∶1,于 80～ 90℃提取 1.5h ,提取液呈酸性。同时采用电子自旋共振捕集技术 (ESR) ,研究了以荷叶在水溶剂中的提取物 (LLE)对羟基自由基 (·OH)和超氧阴离子自由基 (O-2 ·)的清除效果。结果表明 :LLE对·OH和O- 2 ·有很强的清除能力 ,2 6.94 μg/mL的LLE对次黄嘌呤 黄嘌呤氧化酶体系产生O-2 ·的清除率达 65 .60 % ,LLE浓度大于 8.98mg/mL时 ,可以全部清除由Fenton反应体系产生的·OH。     

Antioxidant activity and protective effect against plasmid DNA strand scission of leaf, bark, and heartwood extracts from Acacia catechu

The antioxidant activity of methanol extract/fractions of leaf, bark, and heartwood of Acacia catechu was evaluated by various antioxidant assays, including free radical, superoxide and hydroxyl radical, reducing power, metal ion chelation, as well as hydroxyl radical induced DNA strand scission. The leaf, bark, and heartwood powder was extracted in methanol and the lyophilized methanol extract was fractionated with different solvents in the order of increasing polarity. The results indicate that ethyl acetate fraction of heartwood has the highest antioxidant capacities, presenting lower EC(50) values particularly in free radical scavenging activity, including DPPH radicals (4.76 ± 0.14 μg/mL), superoxide anions (26.21 ± 0.79 μg/mL), and hydroxyl radicals (33.69 ± 1.42 μg/mL), in direct assay systems. Reducing power was also highest in ethyl acetate fraction of heartwood (EC(50) of 79.05 ± 1.02 μg/mL). As for the chelating power on ferrous ions, leaf extract was more effective than bark and heartwood extracts. Furthermore, the ethyl acetate and acetone fractions of heartwood significantly protected pBR322 supercoiled plasmid DNA against strand scission induced by hydroxyl radicals in a Fenton's reaction mixture. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: The present investigation suggests that the three organs of A. catechu differ significantly in their antioxidant potential as seen in the DPPH radical scavenging assay, reducing power assay, metal ion chelating assay, superoxide radical scavenging assay and hydroxyl radical scavenging assay. Further, our results showed that crude methanol extract and ethyl acetate fraction of heartwood of A. catechu might have a good potential as a source for natural health products due to its antioxidant and DNA protective activities.     

3种食品天然植物包材的抗氧化活性成分对比研究

The antioxidant components and antioxidant functions of three commonly used natural food packaging materials, including Indocalamus leaves, reed leaves and lotus leaves were investigated. The active components were extracted by ultrasonic extraction. The contents of total phenols and total flavonoids, the hydroxyl radical scavenging activity, superoxide radicals scavenging activity, DPPH free radical scavenging activity, ABTS+ free radical scavenging activity, total antioxidant activity and reducing power of plant extracts were determined. The relation between antioxidant functions and antioxidant active ingredients was tested. The results indicated that the contents of total phenols and total flavonoids in lotus leave were higher than these of Indocalamus leaves and reed leaves, and the difference was significant (P<0.05). The total phenol content of three plants was extremely significantly correlated with the hydroxyl radical scavenging activity, superoxide radicals scavenging activity, DPPH radical scavenging activity, ABTS+ scavenging activity, total antioxidant and reducing power (P<0.01). The total flavonoid content was extremely significantly correlated with the total antioxidant and reducing power (P<0.01), and significantly correlated with the ABTS+ free radical scavenging ability (P<0.05). The content of isoquercitrin was high in Indocalamus leaves, and reed leaves and the content of luteolin-6-c-glucoside was high in reed leaves and lotus leaves. These ingredients contained the 4-carbonyl group, 2, 3-double bond and o-dihydroxy group of B ring. In summary, Indocalamus leaf, reed leaf and lotus leaf contained many kinds of polyphenols, which have strong free radicals scavenging activity and other antioxidant function.     

蟹抗氧化肽的分离纯化及活性研究

酶解梭子蟹下脚料获得抗氧化肽粗品。采用葡聚糖凝胶G-50 与G-25 进行分离纯化,对纯化样品的相对分子质量分布、抗氧化特性和氨基酸组成进行测定。结果表明：经分离得到的组分3 抗氧化性较强,其相对分子质量在1096.5 左右,经HPLC 分析其已基本达到纯化;经氨基酸分析其由11 种氨基酸组成,其中具有抗氧化能力的酪氨酸、半胱氨酸和组氨酸所占比例很高。     

Antioxidant activity of Nyctanthes arbor-tristis leaf extract

Nyctanthes arbor-tristis (Harsingar) leaf extracts are extensively used in Indian traditional medicine. The acetone-soluble fraction of its ethyl acetate extract showed impressive antioxidant activity as revealed by several in vitro experiments, e.g., DPPH, hydroxyl and superoxide radicals, as well as H₂O₂ scavenging assays. Moreover, its preventive capacity against Fe(II)-induced lipid peroxidation of liposomes and γ-ray-induced DNA damage also confirmed this. The strong reducing power and high phenolics and flavonoids contents could be responsible for the antioxidant activity.     

微波提取荷叶黄酮及其清除羟基自由基的研究

本文研究了水剂、无水乙醇、乙醇水溶液及乙醇水溶液结合微波照射浸提荷叶黄酮及其清除羟基自由基的作用。实验结果表明:以60%乙醇水溶液作提取剂,固液比1:30、微波照射1.5min、浸提2.5h,荷叶黄酮浸出最多;且荷叶黄酮提取物对·OH自由基有较明显的清除作用,其清除率与黄酮的浓度有一定的量效关系。     

Antioxidant activity of various extracts from an edible mushroom Pleurotus eous

Pleurotus eous is a pink edible oyster mushroom cultivated in Coimbatore. The aim of present study was to evaluate antioxidant potential of ethyl acetate, methanol, and hot water extracts from P. eous using various in vitro ROS/RNS generated chemical and biological models. Results demonstrated that the graded-dose (2–50 mg/mL) of various extracts markedly scavenged the DPPH, ABTS, and hydroxyl radicals, and showed metal chelating ability, reducing capacity in Fe³⁺/ferricyanide complex, and ferric reducing antioxidant power assays. In biological models, different extracts were found to inhibit lipid peroxidation in brain and liver homogenate. Total antioxidant activity was high in methanolic extract. Hot water extract showed higher amount of total phenol and methanolic extract showed higher amount of flavonoid as compared to other extracts. Based on EC₅₀ values it can be concluded that the various extracts from P. eous were good in antioxidant properties with methanol and ethyl acetate extracts being more effective. The results of this study showed that various extracts could serve as natural antioxidants owing to their significant antioxidant activity.     

响应面法优化复合酶提取芦荟多糖工艺及其抗氧化活性分析

研究复合酶提取芦荟多糖的工艺,并测定其抗氧化性。在单因素试验的基础上,利用响应面法对复合酶提取芦荟多糖的条件进行了优化,通过测定芦荟多糖的总抗氧化能力、DPPH自由基和羟自由基清除能力研究其抗氧化性。结果显示,当料液比1∶30（g/mL）、果胶酶与纤维素酶配比1∶3、pH 4.5时,优化最佳提取条件为加酶量0.3%、酶解温度48 ℃、酶解时间40 min,此条件下芦荟多糖的提取率为5.65%,和超声波辅助法相比提取率提高了4.2%。芦荟多糖具有较好的抗氧化性,随着质量浓度的增加,其总抗氧化能力、DPPH自由基和羟自由基清除能力逐渐增强,在25 mg/mL时其DPPH自由基和羟自由基清除率分别达到75%和90%。复合酶法是一种新的、有效的芦荟多糖提取方法;芦荟多糖具有较好的抗氧化性。