黄原胶与其它食品胶协同增效作用及其耐盐稳定性的研究

以黄原胶、羟丙基淀粉、ＣＭＣ－Ｎａ、瓜尔豆胶、刺槐豆胶、魔芋精粉等为主要研究对象,系统地研究了黄原胶与其它食品胶２种或３种之间的协同增效作用及其耐盐稳定性。研究结果表明：黄原胶与羟丙基淀粉、ＣＭＣ－Ｎａ复配无协同增效作用,黄原胶与刺槐豆胶、魔芋精粉、瓜尔豆胶有良好的协同增效作用,两者或三者按适当比例配合后,耐盐稳定性显著提高,用量比任一单一胶少,而且使用成本大幅度降低,因此复配食品胶在高盐食品中使用具有明显的优越性和广阔的应用前景。     

常用食品胶耐盐性的研究

以黄原胶、羟丙基淀粉、CMC－Na、瓜尔豆胶、刺槐豆胶、魔芋精粉等为主要研究对象,系统地研究了单一胶的增稠特性和耐盐特性,同时也对这几种胶之间的协同增效作用和复配胶的耐盐稳定性进行研究,探讨出耐盐性好、用量少、成本低的复配食品胶,为食品胶更好地应用于高盐食品中提供理论和方法的指导。     

黄原胶与几种胶复配对花生乳稳定性的影响

研究了黄原胶分别与刺槐豆胶、瓜尔豆胶、魔芋胶复配对花生乳稳定性的影响,通过分析样品沉淀率、油脂析出率、粘度及高温稳定性观察,结果表明,黄原胶与瓜尔豆胶复配时花生乳稳定性最好,最佳复配比例为黄原胶:瓜尔豆胶=1:2,最佳复配用量为0.05 %.     

黄原胶的结构与复配性质研究

黄原胶是一种用途非常广的食品增稠剂,并且与其他的食品添加剂有很好的复配效应,本文综述了黄原胶的结构与性质,黄原胶与魔芋胶、槐豆胶、瓜尔豆胶、结冷胶、琼脂单体的复配以及黄原胶与两种及两种以上食品增稠剂的复配应用研究。复配产生了良好的协同增效,协同凝胶效应,也使得食品稳定性大大提高,凝胶性由脆到富有弹性的任意转变。     

魔芋精粉与黄原胶的协同增效作用及应用研究

本文对魔芋精粉与常用增稠剂黄原胶、瓜尔豆胶、海藻酸钠、羧甲基纤维素钠、明胶间互混的协同增稠作用进行了研究,结果发现;魔芋精粉与黄原胶有强烈地协同增效作用。并对所研制的复合胶进行应用研究。     

魔芋精粉与瓜尔豆胶等稳定剂的协同增效作用及配比分析研究

对魔芋精粉与瓜尔豆胶、CMC-Na、海藻酸钠等增稠剂互混时协同增效作用进行了研究.结果发现,魔芋精粉和瓜尔豆胶之间存在着良好的协同增效作用,二者之间的最佳配比为3∶2,并据此应用于冰淇淋生产中.     

亲水胶体对糯玉米汁稳定性影响

为进一步提高糯玉米汁稳定性,比较研究不同亲水胶体(黄原胶、海藻酸钠、瓜尔豆胶和刺槐豆胶)对糯玉米汁体系稳定系数、离心沉淀率、相对黏度和感官的影响,并探讨糯玉米汁体系的静电稳定性。结果表明：黄原胶具有一定的乳化效果,可以在一定程度上缓解糯玉米汁脂肪圈的形成;海藻酸钠、瓜尔豆胶和刺槐豆胶对糯玉米汁的稳定效果较好,并且随着添加量的增加,体系稳定系数和相对黏度逐渐提高;而黄原胶与海藻酸钠、瓜尔豆胶、刺槐豆胶分别以不同质量比复配时,在黄原胶、刺槐豆胶质量比1:4时,糯玉米汁体系稳定性最佳。     

黄原胶特性及其在食品和复配胶中的应用

黄原胶具有剪切稀释、悬浮乳化、增稠、耐盐、耐酸碱、耐高温等独特性能,被广泛应用于石油开采、化工、医药、食品等多种行业.简要介绍了黄原胶的基本结构、生产工艺流程、性质和在食品及复配胶中的应用,重点论述了黄原胶在肉制品、面制品、饮料中的应用及与卡拉胶、刺槐豆胶和魔芋胶的配伍性.     

黄原胶的流变性及与魔芋胶等的协效性研究

研究前期筛选获得一株多糖胶质高产菌Xanthomonas axonopodis所产的黄原胶FJAT-10151-DTJZ的品质,为该黄原胶的开发应用提供基础数据及参考。通过分析浓度、剪切速率、p H、加热温度、时间、冻融处理等对FJAT-10151-DTJZ粘度的影响研究其流变性,并研究其与结冷胶、黄原胶、凝胶多糖、瓜尔豆胶、刺槐豆胶、魔芋胶、果胶和壳聚糖8种胶的协效性。实验结果表明,FJAT-10151-DTJZ溶液的粘度随浓度的升高而升高,且为非牛顿流体;当FJAT-10151-DTJZ的浓度为1%时,其粘度为343 m Pa·s;p H、冻融对FJAT-10151-DTJZ的粘度影响不大;FJAT-10151-DTJZ的最佳加热温度为75℃;粘度随加热时间先增大后减小,当加热温度为75℃,加热时间为150 min,1%浓度的FJAT-10151-DTJZ溶液的粘度为808 m Pa·s。FJAT-10151-DTJZ只与魔芋胶有强烈的协同增效作用,与壳聚糖、结冷胶、黄原胶、凝胶多糖、瓜尔豆胶、刺槐豆胶、果胶无协效性。     

复配食品胶的研究进展

复配食品胶是指根据各种单体胶的性能，将两种或两种以上的单体胶按照一定的比例复配而成的复合物，具有增稠、稳定、悬浮、胶凝、乳化、组织改进等作用。典型的食品胶有变性淀粉、黄原胶、果胶、海藻酸钠、明胶、琼脂、卡拉胶、瓜尔豆胶、魔芋胶等几十种。     

食品级黄原胶酶法脱蛋白及其主要性能的研究

黄原胶发酵液在适宜的条件下经碱性蛋白酶处理,并用酒精沉淀可制得黄原胶粉剂。测定结果表明,碱性蛋白酶处理能使黄原胶产品含氮量降低41.8％,且有良好的增粘性、触变性和冷热稳定性,与槐豆胶协同使用有显著的增粘性,可作为食品添加剂。     

食品增稠胶结构与性能关系的探讨

食品胶是用途广泛的食品添加剂,本文根据食品胶分子结构的特点,分析了不同品种食品胶增稠、胶凝、耐酸、耐盐、耐温及协同作用性质的根本原因,并对食品的实际应用提出了建议、列举了实例。     

Physical and Oxidative Stabilities of O/W Emulsions Formed with Rice Dreg Protein Hydrolysate: Effect of Xanthan Gum Rheology

The shortening of shelf-life of food emulsions is frequently due to poor creaming and lipid oxidation stability. The lipid oxidation of O/W emulsions can be inhibited by rice dreg protein hydrolysate (RDPH); however, emulsions were stabilized by Tween-20. Polysaccharides can control the rheology and network structure of the aqueous continuous phase by increasing viscosity and yield stress, hence retarding phase separation and gravity-induced creaming, especially for xanthan gum. The objective of this research was to evaluate whether emulsions formed with 2 wt% RDPH and stabilized by xanthan gum (0–0.5 wt%) could produce 20 % (v/v) soybean oil-in-water emulsions that had good physical and oxidative stability. The degree of flocculation of droplets as a function of xanthan gum concentration was assessed by the microstructure, rheology, and the creaming index of emulsions. Addition of xanthan gum prior to homogenization had no significant effect on the mean droplet diameter in all emulsions studied. Increase in xanthan gum concentration led to the increase in creaming stability of emulsions, due to an increase in viscosity of the continuous phase and/or the formation of a droplet network with a yield stress, as well as the enhanced steric and electrostatic repulsion between the droplets. Lipid oxidation of the emulsions was significantly inhibited at xanthan gum concentrations of 0.12 wt% or above with RDPH, which could due to the fact that xanthan gum increases the viscosity of the aqueous phase and hindered the diffusion of oxidants to the oil droplet surface area, synergistic effect between RDPH and xanthan gum to suppress oil peroxidation, and metal ion chelation capability of xanthan gum. Thus, stable protein hydrolyzates-type emulsions could be obtained with increasing concentration of xanthan gum.     

面筋蛋白粒子-黄原胶Pickering乳液的制备及其表征

制备黄原胶与面筋蛋白纳米粒协同稳的Pickering乳液,表征Pickering乳液的物理化学性能和微观结构。结果显示：通过黄原胶与面筋蛋白纳米粒协同作用,可制备出稳定性较好的Pickering乳液。低质量分数的黄原胶（0.2%）会促进乳析;当黄原胶质量分数不小于0.3%时,乳液于4 ℃贮存30 d仍无乳析现象;当黄原胶质量分数为1%时,贮存30 d乳液出现析油的现象。不同乳化顺序得到乳液的稳定性不同。乳液M-WG-XG（面筋蛋白纳米粒与玉米油乳化得粗乳液,然后加入黄原胶二次分散）的稳定性最好,同时乳液的平均粒径最小（21.4±0.314）μm。黄原胶的加入增大了乳液的净电荷,乳液的稳定性提高。共聚焦显微镜结果表明,乳液M-WG-XG液滴分布均匀,界面层呈现出多层结构。相比于其他方式制备的乳液,乳液M-WG-XG有更好的黏弹性和离子稳定性。     

Conformational Role of Xanthan Gum in its Interaction with Guar Gum

ABSTRACT: :
Ubbelohde viscometry, texture analysis, and centrifugation were used to investigate the effects of chain conformational changes of xanthan or deacetylated xanthan gum on its interaction with guar gum. Guar gum was not effective in denaturing xanthan gum when the xanthan helical structure was stabilized by salt. The intrinsic viscosities of deacetylated xanthan and guar blends were higher than those calculated from the weight averages of the 2. Conformational change was not observed for deacetylated xanthan, presuming deacetylated xanthan was in the exact conformation for guar to bind so that the most stable heterotypic structure between deacetylated xanthan and guar was formed directly, thus the strongest interaction was observed between deacetylated xanthan and guar.     

食品增稠剂瓜儿豆胶性质及复配性的研究

本文对瓜尔豆胶的流变性,浓度、温度、pH值、电介质对粘度的影响,与黄原胶、卡拉胶复后粘度变化进行了初步研究。结果表明,低浓度瓜儿豆胶属非牛顿流体中假塑性流体,其粘度随浓度升高而上升,随温度升高而下降,几乎不受pH值影响,对NaCl和低浓度Ca~(2+),Al~(3+)有良好兼容性,与卡拉胶复配无增效作用,而与黄原胶复配增效显著,复配最佳比例为瓜儿豆胶:黄原胶=0.6:0.4     

Conformational Role of Xanthan in its Interaction with Locust Bean Gum

ABSTRACT: Texture analysis and Ubbelohde capillary viscometry were used to investigate the effects of chain conformational changes of xanthan or deacetylated xanthan on its interaction with locust bean gum (LBG). The stability of xanthan helical structure or xanthan chain flexibility played a critical role in interacting with LBG. Destabilization of xanthan helical structure by deacetylation and heating facilitated the intermolecular binding between xanthan and LBG. Xanthan conformational change was noted in the presence of LBG, even when its helical structure was stabilized by salt. However, this conformational change was not observed for deacetylated xanthan, presuming deacetylated xanthan was in the exact conformation to bind LBG.     

黄原胶对流质配方食品流变特性的影响

为了探究黄原胶添加对流质配方食品性质的影响,采用物性学方法进行测定表征。将不同配比的黄原胶添加到流质配方食品中,测定其pH、渗透压、流变等特性的变化。结果表明:经黄原胶调控的流质配方食品为假塑性流体,具有更好的增稠效果和食用安全性。pH、渗透压结果表明其相关食用品性安全。黄原胶的添加使流质配方的表观黏度增大并具有剪切稀化现象;加入黄原胶提高了其贮能模量、损耗模量,降低了损耗角正切值tanδ,增强了体系的稳定性,但当黄原胶浓度高于2.5%时,配方增稠效果、稳定性趋于稳定,无显著性变化。此次试验为该流质配方产品市场化提供了物性安全稳定依据,并为开发相关研究提供了配方参数和理论指导。     

亲水胶体对鸡蛋清起泡性的影响

亲水胶体在许多食品的制作过程中都起到重要的提升产品品质的作用。研究分析了黄原胶、海藻酸钠、羧甲基纤维素(CMC)、瓜尔豆胶和壳聚糖等几种亲水胶体的不同添加量对鸡蛋清的打擦度、起泡性及泡沫稳定性的影响。结果表明亲水胶体添加CMC、瓜尔豆胶可明显增加蛋清的打擦度,添加海藻酸钠则降低蛋清的打擦度,而黄原胶的添加对蛋清打擦度的影响则受到不同的添加量分别出现打擦度增加和降低的不同结果,壳聚糖的添加对蛋清的打擦度影响不大。研究过程也发现,蛋清中添加黄原胶、CMC、瓜尔豆胶和壳聚糖后,泡沫达到最大体积的时间比对照组明显缩短,蛋清起泡效率提高。几种胶体的添加增加蛋清打擦度由大到小顺序为:瓜尔胶>CMC>壳聚糖≈对照(无添加)>黄原胶>海藻酸钠。添加亲水胶体可以增强鸡蛋清的泡沫稳定性。