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用鲜甘薯为原料生产酒精 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
用鲜甘薯为原料生产酒精关键词酒精鲜甘薯生产徐志坚江苏丹阳酒厂(212300)鲜甘薯又名甜薯,在江苏、浙江和安徽一带叫山芋,河北、山东叫地瓜,四川、湖北称红苕。鲜甘薯中淀粉含量在15%~25%,可发酵性糖1.5%~2.0%,粗蛋白1.1%~1.4%,水... 相似文献
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为比较分析鲜甘薯中的还原糖含量和多酚氧化酶(Polyphenol oxidase,PPO)活性对甘薯颗粒全粉色泽影响程度,在分别测定了56个不同品种鲜甘薯还原糖含量、PPO活性以及由这些品种所制备甘薯颗粒全粉色泽(L*、a*、b*值)的基础上,分别采用四分位差法和典型相关分析法对鲜甘薯还原糖含量和PPO活性与L*、a*、b*值的离散程度及相关性进行了比较分析。结果表明:鲜甘薯还原糖含量与PPO活性的离散程度均较高,且与鲜薯还原糖含量相比,PPO活性对甘薯颗粒全粉色泽的影响更大。 相似文献
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本研究选择甘薯主栽品种徐薯18,采用正交试验设计,研究了甘薯淀粉加工过程中鲜薯破碎方式、分离细度、沉淀方法对甘薯淀粉提取率、粗蛋白和灰分含量的影响。提出了较优的薯类淀粉加工工艺路线,促进薯类淀粉加工工业的发展。 相似文献
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外源乙烯对鲜切甘薯伤害生理效应的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用新鲜甘薯为实验材料,经切割处理后,在4℃条件下,将鲜切甘薯在浓度为100、1000、10000μL/L的乙烯环境中密闭处理4℃,24h后进行贮藏。贮藏期间分析测定了鲜切甘薯颜色、失重率、呼吸强度、MDA(丙二醛)含量、LOX(脂氧合酶)和PPO(多酚氧化酶)活性等生理生化指标。结果发现:与对照相比,不同浓度的乙烯处理均可保持鲜切甘薯的色泽和失重率。低浓度的外源乙烯可抑制MDA含量的增加,外源乙烯对LOX的作用与其对MDA的作用一致。高浓度的外源乙烯可提高贮藏前期鲜切甘薯PPO活性,低浓度外源乙烯则提高了贮藏后期鲜切甘薯PPO活性,高浓度的外源乙烯处理可能通过增加了内源乙烯的合成,进而加速了呼吸代谢和衰老的速率。综合考虑,100μL/L的外源乙烯处理提高了鲜切甘薯的品质和抗性。 相似文献
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为研究鲜切紫甘薯的褐变条件与机理,本文对不同贮藏温度下(4和12℃)的鲜切紫甘薯的褐变程度、褐变相关酶活力以及褐变底物酚类物质进行分析。结果表明,12℃贮藏组的鲜切紫甘薯褐变度始终显著高于4℃贮藏组(P<0.05)。贮藏期间,褐变重的鲜切紫甘薯多酚氧化酶(Polyphenol oxidase,PPO)和过氧化物酶(Peroxidase,POD)活性更高,丙二醛(Malondialdehyde,MDA)含量更多。2~8 d,不同贮藏温度下鲜切紫甘薯绿原酸和阿魏酸含量显著不同(P<0.05),因此推断褐变相关酶活性、膜脂过氧化程度以及酚类物质含量可能是引起鲜切紫甘薯褐变的关键因素。通过相关性分析,多酚氧化酶(PPO)和过氧化物酶(POD)是引起鲜切紫甘薯褐变的关键酶。绿原酸和阿魏酸是鲜切紫甘薯褐变的主要底物。 相似文献
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为研究不同品种紫薯粉鲜湿面条品质特性的差异及紫薯粉的加工适宜性,选取10个品种紫薯作为研究对象,采用主成分分析法进行分析和综合评价。结果表明,不同品种紫薯鲜湿面条色泽特性、烹煮特性(熟断条率、烹煮损失率、膨胀率)、质构特性(硬度、黏聚性、回复性、内聚性、弹性、黏度、咀嚼性)、感官评分存在一定的差异性。通过主成分分析方法分析并提取了口感、烹煮、色泽、膨胀特性4项主成分,累积方差贡献率为87.990%。根据主成分综合评价法,总综合排名前4的品种分别是徐紫薯8号(综合得分0.854)、绵紫薯9号(综合得分0.607)、市售紫薯(综合得分0.118)、渝紫薯7号(综合得分0.114),进一步说明徐紫薯8号最适合用于紫薯粉鲜湿面条加工。本文为筛选适宜加工鲜湿面条的专用紫薯粉提供了依据。 相似文献
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The potential contribution of bread buns fortified with beta-carotene-rich sweet potato in Central Mozambique 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
BACKGROUND: Orange-fleshed sweet potato is an efficacious source of vitamin A. Substituting wheat flour with orange-fleshed sweet potato in processed products could reduce foreign exchange outlays, create new markets for producers, and result in increased vitamin A consumption among consumers provided there is adequate retention of beta-carotene during processing. OBJECTIVE: To explore whether substituting 38% of wheat flour (by weight) in bread buns ("golden bread") with boiled and mashed orange-fleshed sweet potato from fresh roots or rehydrated chips would produce economically viable beta-carotene-rich products acceptable to Mozambican rural consumers. METHODS: Modified local recipes maximized sweet potato content within the limits of consumer acceptability. Sensitivity analysis determined parameters underlying economic viability. Two samples each of buns from five varieties of orange-fleshed sweet potato were analyzed for beta-carotene content. Processed products with at least 15 microg/g product of trans-beta-carotene were considered good sources of vitamin A. RESULTS: Golden bread made from fresh roots of medium-intensity orange-fleshed sweet potato varieties met the good source criterion, but bread from lighter-intensity sweet potato varieties did not. Bread from rehydrated dried chips was not economically viable. Consumers strongly preferred golden bread over pure wheat flour bread because of its heavier texture and attractive appearance. The ratio of the price of wheat flour to that of raw sweet potato root varied from 3.1 to 3.5 among the bakers, whose increase in profit margins ranged from 54% to 92%. CONCLUSIONS: Golden bread is a good source of beta-carotene and is economically viable when the price ratio of wheat flour to raw orange-fleshed sweet potato root is at least 1.5. Widespread adoption during sweet potato harvesting periods is feasible; year-round availability requires storage. 相似文献
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选取五个品种甘薯为实验材料,研究了甘薯烘烤后理化指标、感官评分、香气成分、质构特性的差异。理化测定得出,受试品种中淀粉型甘薯蛋白质含量低于鲜食型甘薯;淀粉型甘薯总糖含量低于鲜食型甘薯;鲜食型甘薯中红瑶的总糖含量最高。感官评价得出鲜食型甘薯中红瑶、普薯32烘烤后口感较好,淀粉型甘薯中冀粉1号烘烤后口感较好;红瑶的口感最佳。质构及相关性分析得出,整体口感分别与咀嚼性、内聚性呈显著负相关(P<0.05)。红瑶的内聚性、咀嚼性数值最低,因此红瑶的口感最好。GC-MS及PLSDA分析得出,苯甲醛、苯乙醛、壬醛、橙花醇、大马士酮、芳樟醇、4-乙烯基-2-甲氧基苯酚、α-萜品烯等物质为品种间共有香气组分;芳樟醇、癸醛、2-莰烯、壬酸、糠醛五种香气成分为甘薯重要香气成分。综合得出,受试品种中最适合用于烘烤的品种为红瑶。 相似文献
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红薯及红薯叶综合利用及深加工技术 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
红薯是中国的主要粮食作物之一,对红薯及红薯叶综合利用及深加工技术研究进行综述,并展望未来红薯及红薯叶深加工技术及产品开发发展方向。 相似文献
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Sweet potato roots were dipped in various concentrations of chlorine for 5 min at 1 or 20 °C before and after slicing, and then stored at 2 or 8 °C for 14 days to evaluate the effects of different chlorine treatments and storage temperatures on the microbiological quality of fresh‐cut sweet potato slices. The microflora of fresh‐cut sweet potato slices was dominated by mesophiles, followed by psychrotrophs and fungi initially and during storage. The 2 °C storage was necessary to keep the microbial load at a low level. No spoilage was observed in fresh‐cut sweet potatoes at both storage temperatures for 14 days. Chlorination of sweet potatoes before slicing was not effective in ensuring acceptable microbiological quality of fresh‐cut sweet potatoes. Dipping slices in 200 ppm chlorine at 1 °C reduced the population of all micro‐organisms during storage. 相似文献