混合菌种制备发酵鱼肉香肠的研究

研究了乳酸菌、葡萄球菌和酵母菌混合菌种制备发酵鱼肉香肠的加工工艺.筛选出具有良好发酵性能的混合菌种和配比(杆菌B265∶球菌C116∶酵母菌0408为1∶2∶2),并通过单因素实验、Plackett-Burman实验和正交实验对发酵鱼肉香肠的工艺参数进行了显著性分析和优化,得出发酵鱼肉香肠的最佳工艺条件为:盐含量2％、糖含量2％、玉米淀粉含量8％、发酵温度37℃.文章进一步研究了混合菌种联合发酵对鱼肉香肠产品质量的影响,与未发酵的鱼肉香肠相比,发酵鱼肉香肠的油脂氧化和腐败变质得到延缓,鱼肉中氨基酸等小分子物质的含量增加,表明本发酵工艺有助于提高鱼肉香肠的营养价值和保藏性能.     

响应面法优化发酵香肠发酵工艺条件

研究以德州黑猪肉为原料,选用植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum)、木糖葡萄球菌(Staphylococcusxylosus)、乳酸乳球菌(Lactococcus lactis)三菌株为混合发酵剂进行菌种配比试验,采用响应面分析法研究发酵温度、发酵时间、接种量三因素对发酵香肠发酵条件的影响,以pH和感官分值为评价指标,确定最佳的工艺条件,并利用统计学方法建立了二次多项数学模型。结果表明,结果表明,最佳菌种配比为植物乳杆菌:木糖葡萄球菌:乳酸乳球菌=2:2:1,最佳的发酵条件为发酵温度28℃,发酵时间24 h,接种量1×107cfu/g。在最佳工艺条件下,发酵香肠的pH为4.61,感官分值为86.2,香肠品质良好,预测值与实际测量值具有良好的拟合性。     

响应面法优化羊肉发酵香肠工艺

以山羊肉为原料,添加乳酸片球菌(Pediococcus acidilactici,PA)和米根霉(Rhizopus oryzae,RO)进行混合发酵,制作羊肉发酵香肠。结合pH值、色差和感官评价结果探究菌种的复配比例、接种量、发酵温度和发酵时间对羊肉发酵香肠的影响,在单因素试验的基础上,以感官评分为响应值,选取菌种复配比例、接种量和发酵温度进行三因素三水平的Box-Behnken design(BBD)响应面优化试验设计,确定制作羊肉发酵香肠的最佳工艺参数。结果表明:在发酵时间为16 h的条件下,PA与RO复配发酵羊肉香肠的最佳工艺参数为复配比例1∶1、接种量2.2%、发酵温度32℃。在此条件下羊肉发酵香肠的感官评分为6.34分,与模型理论值相接近。最佳工艺条件下,PA与RO复配发酵羊肉香肠的p H值在5.2~5.3之间,酸度适中,且色差值与空白组无显著差异,感官品质提高,膻味降低。     

风味白鲢鱼肉干香肠的关键工艺研究

以白鲢鱼为原料,研究干制鱼肉水分含量、肉料配比、发酵菌种配比、发酵剂添加量和发酵温度对发酵香肠品质的影响。结果表明:当干鱼肉水分含量在45%、香肠肉料配比为鱼糜∶干制鱼肉∶猪背膘∶蛋清=100∶30∶20∶11(m/m)时,混合发酵菌种采用戊糖片球菌10196∶植物乳杆菌6001∶干酪乳杆菌6002∶汉逊酵母=2∶3∶1∶1、菌种发酵液最佳添加量为3%,30℃下发酵33 h,制得的风味白鲢鱼肉干香肠品质最佳。     

响应面法优化益生发酵剂接种发酵香肠工艺

以植物乳杆菌（Lactobacillus plantarum CD101）和模仿葡萄球菌（Staphylococcus simulans NJ201）为发酵香肠的混合发酵剂,制作发酵香肠。结合pH值、色差、质构和感官评分结果探究接种量、菌种配比和发酵温度对发酵香肠品质的影响,在单因素试验结果的基础上,采用响应面试验法进行优化,从而确定制作发酵香肠的最佳工艺参数为添加植物乳杆菌和模仿葡萄球菌为混合发酵剂、接种量107 CFU/g、菌种配比1∶1、发酵温度30 ℃,此时感官评分为85.28,与模型理论值接近。该条件下制作出的香肠质地口感适中、色泽良好、香味浓郁纯正,综合品质较好。     

鹅肉发酵香肠菌种发酵性能与应用研究

通过对3种适合肉制品发酵的菌种:植物乳杆菌、嗜酸乳杆菌、戊糖片球菌发酵性能的研究,筛选出两种较优的组合发酵剂。再通过正交试验确定鹅肉发酵香肠组合发酵剂的最优配比,最后对鹅肉发酵香肠成熟过程和贮藏过程中的pH值和感官品质等方面进行综合分析。结果表明,由戊糖片球菌和植物乳杆菌按1∶1(V∶V)比例混合、接种量为3%(V/m)时所构成的鹅肉香肠发酵剂,其发酵性能最佳。     

发酵鱼肉香肠的研制

用植物乳杆菌和啤酒片球菌,在30～32℃下单一发酵鱼肉香肠,结果认定植物乳杆菌为最佳鱼肉发酵菌种.实验表明,利用乳酸菌发酵鱼肉香肠,能促进蛋白质分解,使pH、TVBN及TBA降低,抑制有害菌的生长,延长产品保藏期,并使产品获得独特风味.     

绿茶风味发酵香肠工艺研究

在传统发酵香肠工艺的基础上,通过添加适量绿茶提取液获得了一种具有绿茶风味的发酵香肠。以重量变化和pH值为评价指标通过单因素优化试验确定了绿茶风味发酵香肠最佳肥瘦比为3:7;通过感官评价和对pH值的影响确定绿茶浸提液添加量与猪肉比为4∶6;以绿茶风味发酵香肠的感官评价结果为评价指标,通过L9(34)正交试验最终确定发酵香肠的最佳发酵工艺为乳糖添加量0.75%,接种量为4%,发酵温度为37℃,发酵时间为6h。并结合产品实际制定了绿茶风味发酵香肠的产品质量标准。     

乳酸片球菌和戊糖片球菌混合发酵制备鸭肉香肠的工艺优化

[目的]优化出乳酸片球菌和戊糖片球菌混合发酵制备鸭肉香肠的工艺,并制定产品质量标准。[方法]首先研究影响乳酸片球菌和戊糖片球菌混合发酵制备鸭肉香肠的几个因素,包括菌种配比、接种量、发酵温度、发酵时间、烘烤温度和烘烤时间,并通过Box-Behnken试验设计与分析优化最佳工艺参数;然后在上述基础上制定产品质量标准。[结果]乳酸片球菌和戊糖片球菌混合发酵制备鸭肉香肠的最佳工艺条件为菌种配比3∶1,接种量8.87m L/kg,发酵温度35℃,发酵时间20.02h,烘烤温度70.7℃和烘烤时间5h;此时感官得分为94.0。[结论]乳酸片球菌和戊糖片球菌混合发酵可用于制备鸭肉香肠,该产品口味独特、营养丰富且风味良好。     

鹅肉香肠的发酵工艺研究

选用发酵乳杆菌和变异微球菌为复合发酵剂生产鹅肉香肠,并以样品感官评分、过氧化值(POV)作为考察指标,在单因素试验分析的基础上,采用多指标正交设计对发酵鹅肉香肠的发酵温度、发酵时间、接种量以及菌种比例进行优化。结果表明:鹅肉香肠的最佳发酵工艺条件为:发酵时间20h、发酵温度25℃、接种量1×107CFU/g、发酵乳杆菌和变异微球菌最佳比例1:1。在此条件下,发酵鹅肉香肠感官评分为96分,POV为2.3meq/kg。在最佳发酵条件下制得的发酵鹅肉香肠的还原力(A700nm)和DPPH自由基的清除率分别是0.45和85.7%,样品抗氧化效果好。     

Textural Properties of Cold-set Gels Induced from Heat-denatured Whey Protein Isolates

A 9% whey protein (WP) isolate solution at pH 7.0 was heat-denatured at 80°C for 30 min. Size-exclusion HPLC showed that native WP formed soluble aggregates after heat-treatment. Additions of CaCl2 (10–40 mM), NaCl (50–400 mM) or glucono-delta-lactone (GDL, 0.4–2.0%, w/v) or hydrolysis by a protease from Bacillus licheniformis caused gelation of the denatured solution at 45°C. Textural parameters, hardness, adhesiveness, and cohesiveness of the gels so formed changed markedly with concentration of added salts or pH by added GDL. Maximum gel hardness occurred at 200 mM NaCl or pH 4.7. Increasing CaCl2 concentration continuously increased gel hardness. Generally, GDL-induced gels were harder than salt-induced gels, and much harder than the protease-induced gel.     

Occurrence of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in fish canned in oil

The levels of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) were quantified as part of a European survey on the migration of residues of epoxy resins into oil from canned fish. The contents of BFDGE in cans, lids and fish collected from all 15 Member States of the European Union and Switzerland were analysed in 382 samples. Cans and lids were separately extracted with acetonitrile. The extraction from fish was carried out with hexane followed by re-extraction with acetonitrile. The analysis was performed by reverse phase HPL C with fluorescence detection. BFDGE could be detected in 12% of the fish, 24% of the cans and 18% of the lids. Only 3% of the fish contained BFDGE in concentrations considerably above 1mg/kg. In addition to the presented data, a comparison was made with the levels of BADGE (bisphenol-A-diglycidyl ether)analysed in the same products in the context of a previous study.     

Review of techniques to manufacture micro-hydrogel particles for the food industry and their applications

Microgels are ‘soft’ microscopic cross-linked polymeric particles that are being increasingly exploited in a variety of industries for rheology control, encapsulation and targeted delivery. They are valued because of the ability to tune their functionality to address specific applications in oil recovery, coatings, drug delivery, cosmetics, personal care and foods. Food microgels are typically biopolymer hydrogels in the form of microspheres, nanospheres (also called nanogels), spheroids and fibres. The utilisation of engineered microgels in foods has so far been limited, despite their great potential to address several needs in the food industry, including: satiety control, encapsulation of phytonutrients and prebiotics, texture control for healthier food formulations (e.g. reduced fat products), and targeting delivery to specific areas in the digestive tract. We review the scientific and patent literature on the utilisation and manufacturing methods for producing microgels with an emphasis on micro-hydrogels for food applications.     

12—A CRITIQUE OF SOME HYPOTHESES RELATING TO THE HETEROGENEITY OF THE HIGH-SULPHUR PROTEINS OF WOOL

Joubert and Burns prepared a large number of fractions from the high-sulphur proteins of wool and estimated their molecular weights and amino-acid compositions. Their data have been re-examined in order to look for statistically significant interrelations between amino acids and between the proportion of various amino acids and molecular weight. Statistical analysis of the data is also used to examine the credibility of some hypotheses concerning the mechanism of keratin biosynthesis and to provide further evidence for the existence of families of proteins within the high-sulphur fractions of wool.     

Contribution of European research to risk analysis

The European Commission's, Quality of Life Research Programme, Key Action 1—Health, Food & Nutrition is mission-oriented and aims, amongst other things, at providing a healthy, safe and high-quality food supply leading to reinforced consumer confidence in the safety of European food. Its objectives also include the enhancing of the competitiveness of the European food supply. Key Action 1 is currently supporting a number of different types of European collaborative projects in the area of risk analysis. The objectives of these projects range from the development and validation of prevention strategies including the reduction of consumers risks; development and validation of new modelling approaches; harmonization of risk assessment principles, methodologies, and terminology; standardization of methods and systems used for the safety evaluation of transgenic food; providing of tools for the evaluation of human viral contamination of shellfish and quality control; new methodologies for assessing the potential of unintended effects of genetically modified (genetically modified) foods; development of a risk assessment model for Cryptosporidium parvum related to the food and water industries; to the development of a communication platform for genetically modified organism, producers, retailers, regulatory authorities and consumer groups to improve safety assessment procedures, risk management strategies and risk communication; development and validation of new methods for safety testing of transgenic food; evaluation of the safety and efficacy of iron supplementation in pregnant women; evaluation of the potential cancer-preventing activity of pro- and pre-biotic ('synbiotic') combinations in human volunteers. An overview of these projects is presented here.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of     

The Latest Data about Development of Chinese Printing Industry in 2013

In the 2014 China（Shanghai）International Printing Week,Director Wang Yanbin released the latest data about development of Chinese printing industry in 2013.According to statistics,in 2013,the total output value of Chinese printing industry exceeded 1trillion Yuan for the first time,reaching 1.03985 trillion Yuan.There were 105,000 printing enterprises in China,employees were 3.415 million.The total asset was 1.06247 trillion Yuan;     

The State Council Issued "Directory of Government Approved Investment Projects(2013 Edition)"

正On December 2nd,2013,the State Council issued the notification of"Directory of Government Approved Investment Projects(2013 Edition)"(hereafter referred to as"notification").It is pointed out in the"notification"that in order to further deepen reforms in investment systems and administrative examination and approval systems,simplify administrative procedures and delegate powers to lower levels,earnestly     

China textile machinery: taking off in progress

正Among the 1600 exhibitors who take apart in the ITMA ASIA+CITME2014 2/3 are Chinese manufactures.If the numerous figures failed to attract your attention,the increase of quality should draw your focus.To adopt the demand of developing textile machine market,domestic textile machinery enterprises now follow the slogan of"technology drives development"to enhance product competitiveness.Our domestic sellers will showcase product ranging from spinning,weaving,dyeing and printing,     

Top Ten News of China's Paper Industry 2013

On December 24th, 2013, the meeting on the selection of top 10 news of China＇s paper industry 2013 sponsored by 〈China Paper Newsletters〉 was held in Beijing. The yearly selection of the top l0 news, which began in 2000, has become a brand activity widely recognized in the industry thanks to the support from the authorities at all levels and public participation.