固体添加剂、摩擦改进剂在锂基润滑脂中的应用研究

针对常用复合锂基润滑脂存在的润滑极压抗磨性不足等问题,研究不同固体添加剂、摩擦改进剂对复合锂基润滑脂极压抗磨减摩性能的影响。结果表明,固体添加剂对复合锂基润滑脂极压抗磨性能影响较大,其中PTFE和二硫化钼组成的复配剂可使润滑脂得到优异的极压和抗磨性能;摩擦改进剂Priolube 3986复酯和硬脂酸复配具有协同作用,可明显增强润滑脂的抗磨减摩性能;固体添加剂和摩擦改进剂对润滑脂的润滑作用可以优势互补,全面提升润滑脂综合性能。     

固体添加剂和摩擦改进剂对锂基润滑脂性能的影响

针对常用复合锂基润滑脂存在的润滑极压抗磨性不足等问题,研究不同固体添加剂、摩擦改进剂对复合锂基润滑脂极压抗磨减摩性能的影响。结果表明,固体添加剂对复合锂基润滑脂极压抗磨性能影响较大,其中PTFE和二硫化钼组成的复配剂可使润滑脂得到优异的极压和抗磨性能;摩擦改进剂Priolube 3986复酯和硬脂酸复配具有协同作用,可明显增强润滑脂的抗磨减摩性能;固体添加剂和摩擦改进剂对润滑脂的润滑作用可以优势互补,全面提升润滑脂综合性能。     

极压抗磨剂对复合锂钙基润滑脂性能及结构的影响

通过复合锂钙基润滑脂在加入极压抗磨添加剂前后的性能及结构变化,研究了极压抗磨剂对润滑脂的影响。结果表明:在标准实验条件下,极压抗磨剂磷酸三甲酚酯(T306)、二烷基二硫代磷酸锌(T202)、二丁基二硫代氨基甲酸钼(T351)、硫化异丁烯(T321)、硼酸钠(T361)等组合可大幅提高润滑脂的极压抗磨性能,对结构及其它性能无明显影响;在加水10%剪切10万次条件下,含上述极压抗磨剂组合的润滑脂的结构及性能变化比较明显,其复合结构被破坏,滴点大幅下降,含T361的脂极压性下降最多;经过高温后(180℃,24 h)含上述极压抗磨剂组合的润滑脂,能保持或提高原有的极压抗磨性,润滑脂的复合结构没有明显改变,润滑脂的稠化剂纤维结构破坏较大,一般会造成润滑脂的硬化。     

极压抗磨添加剂对润滑脂胶体性能的影响

利用离心分油试验机和滚筒试验机分别考察了3种不同的极压抗磨添加剂(T321,TCP和T202)以及其不同添加量、不同的实验温度或时间对锂-钙基润滑脂胶体性能的影响。研究发现,T202对润滑脂的分油影响较大;T321对润滑脂滚筒工作后的滴点有不同程度的提高;TCP对润滑脂的滴点和分油率的影响较小。对上述现象的机制分析可知,3种添加剂分子中的负电性双键、支链及润滑脂皂纤维分子间氢键不同程度影响皂纤维凝胶结构。     

硫、磷系添加剂复合使用在菜籽油中的抗磨性能研究

以菜籽油为基础油，在四球摩擦磨损实验机上分别考察丁两组硫系和磷系添加剂T321与T304、T321与T307复合使用对菜籽油的抗磨性和极压性的影响。结果表明，在菜籽油叶：加入添加剂T321与T304能更好地提高菜籽油的抗磨性能和极压性能。     

s极压抗磨添加剂对润滑脂胶体性能的影响

利用离心分油试验机和滚筒试验机分别考察了3种不同的极压抗磨添加剂（T321，TCP和T202）以及其不同添加量、不同的实验温度或时间对锂．钙基润滑脂胶体性能的影响。研究发现，T202对润滑脂的分油影响较大；T321对润滑脂滚筒工作后的滴点有不同程度的提高；TCP对润滑脂的滴点和分油率的影响较小。对上述现象的机制分析可知，3种添加剂分子中的负电性双键、支链及润滑脂皂纤维分子问氢键不同程度影响皂纤维凝胶结构。     

一种耐轴承腐蚀和磨损的复合锂基润滑脂的研制

研究不同类型极压抗磨剂、抗氧剂和防锈剂等对复合锂基润滑脂性能的影响,并复配一种多功能复合添加剂制备出复合锂基润滑脂。所研制复合锂基润滑脂的梯姆肯值为266 N、高温下氧化诱导期为761 min、滴点大于330℃,且通过了FE 8轴承磨损和EMCOR轴承腐蚀台架的检测。研究结果表明:所研制的复合锂基脂具有优异的极压抗磨、高温抗氧及耐轴承腐蚀和磨损等性能,应用效果良好。     

含硅油复合锂基润滑脂的制备及性能研究

为改善锂基润滑脂的耐高温性能,以硅油和矿物油为基础油,以12-羟基硬脂酸、己二酸和氢氧化锂为稠化剂的原料,采用一步法制备含硅油耐高温复合锂基润滑脂。通过对其滴点、锥入度、钢网分油等重要参数的表征,研究基础油用量、复合稠化剂比例、皂化温度、皂化时间、最高炼制温度、硅油和矿物油比例等对复合锂基润滑脂性能的影响。结果表明:硅油的加入使得复合锂基润滑脂具有相对较高的滴点、较低的分油量和低蒸发损失,同时适量的硅油还可降低复合锂基润滑脂的摩擦因数。     

含硅油复合锂基润滑脂的制备及制备条件优化

为改善锂基润滑脂的耐高温性能,以硅油和矿物油为基础油,以12-羟基硬脂酸、己二酸和氢氧化锂为稠化剂的原料,采用一步法制备含硅油耐高温复合锂基润滑脂。通过对其滴点、锥入度、钢网分油等重要参数的表征,研究基础油用量、复合稠化剂比例、皂化温度、皂化时间、最高炼制温度、硅油和矿物油比例等对复合锂基润滑脂性能的影响。结果表明：硅油的加入使得复合锂基润滑脂具有相对较高的滴点、较低的分油量和低蒸发损失,同时适量的硅油还可降低复合锂基润滑脂的摩擦因数。     

均质化处理对锂基润滑脂微观结构和性能的影响

为探讨均质化对润滑脂稠化剂微观结构和性能影响,利用精密三辊研磨机以不同辊间距研磨锂基润滑脂,系统研究研磨前后锂基润滑脂的微观结构、锥入度、滴点、机械安定性、胶体安定性和流变学性能,并分析稠化剂微观结构与润滑脂性能的相关性.结果表明:与未研磨的润滑脂相比,研磨可提高锂基润滑脂稠化剂的分散均匀程度;研磨后润滑脂的锥入度显著...     

磨合添加剂对内燃机缸套珩磨的影响

利用MPX-2000型盘销式摩擦磨损试验机，研究了磨合添加剂T301和T321及其复配后对20钢缸套的珩磨效果；采用SHIMADZU SSX-550型扫描电子显微镜观察20钢试件的磨损表面形貌。结果表明：两种磨合添加剂添加量在质量分数为20％时，缸套的磨损量最大，并且添加T321时的磨损量是添加T301的3倍；在完成的实验中，T301和T321复配的最佳比例为10％T301＋10％T321；磨合添加剂对20钢缸套的珩磨主要发生的是摩擦化学（腐蚀）磨损。     

几种极压抗磨剂对Si3 N4陶瓷/GCr15钢副摩擦磨损性能的影响

利用MPX-2000型盘销式摩擦磨损试验机对Si3N4陶瓷与GCr15钢摩擦副在P120、T302、T306、T307、T321 5种极压抗磨添加剂作用下的摩擦磨损性能；采用SHIMADZU SSX-550型扫描电子显微镜观察盘试件的磨损表面形貌。结果表明：5种添加剂对该摩擦副均具有较明显的减摩抗磨作用，但是添加剂对该摩擦副的减摩和抗磨作用效果并不同步，P120的抗磨作用最好，T321的减摩效果最佳；综合考虑减摩抗磨时，添加剂P120的作用效果最佳；添加剂主要是通过物理和化学吸附膜对该摩擦副起到减摩抗磨作用；从SEM照片看，盘试件磨损表面主要表现为擦伤和粘着特征。     

Investigation of Extreme-Pressure and Antiwear Properties of Antimony Thioantimonate

Detailed studies including synthesis, characterization and evaluation of antimony thioantimonate, SbSbS₁, have been carried out. The amorphorus complex chalcogenide was prepared by a solution precipitation method. As a solid-lubricant additive in various greases, this material exhibits superior extreme-pressure and antiwear properties as demonstrated by the Four-Ball weld points and load-wear indexes on both AISI-52100 and AISI-440C steels. Antimony thioantimonate appears to be compatible with all the base greases investigated including a silicone grease in which very few additives show good response.     

Tribological properties and insulation effect of nanometer TiO2 and nanometer SiO2 as additives in grease

New greases were synthesized using oleophilic nanometer-TiO₂ and nanometer-SiO₂ as additives. When the additives in naphthenic oil is 0.1 wt%, the alternating current (AC) breakdown strength is enhanced by 10.4% and 8.2% at power frequency, respectively. Also the grease volume resistivities are improved by 23% and 30% compared with base grease, which use naphthenic oil as base oil. The greases tribological behaviors were explored. Scanning electron microscope linked with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscope was utilized in order to analyze these scratches. The good tribological characteristics of nanometer-TiO₂ greases and the good friction-reducing characteristic of nanometer-SiO₂ greases are ascribed to the nanoparticles mechanical effect, and are also ascribed to the protect film generated by Ti and Si deposited or metallic oxide.     

氮化硼作润滑剂添加剂的减磨效果

以氮化硼粉末分散添加到润滑油和润滑脂中，加至滑动摩擦副表面进行磨损试验，结果表明，氮化硼添加油脂不仅较之无添加油脂具有明显的减磨效果，而且较之二硫化钼，石墨添加效果更佳。     

Synergistic lubricating effect of several ashless dithiocarbamates with Mo-donor additives

Several kinds of alkylenebis(dialkyldithiocarbamates) were synthesized and the tribological properties as additives in base oil (100N) and Li-soap greases were evaluated using 4-ball tester and SRV tester (Schwingreibverschleissprüfung für Schmierstoffe). The results show that all additives reduce wear. Especially, when Mo(Zn)-donor additives such as Mo-DTC, Zn-DTP, and a vegetable oil modified organomolybdenum complex were blended in base oil containing methylenebisdibutyldithiocarbamate as sulfur donor, synergism was seen both in terms of oxidation stability through thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) and wear properties using a 4-ball tester. TGA showed that oils containing sulfur-donor and Mo(Zn)-donor additive mixtures possess improved oxidation stabilities. Also, these oils have good antiwear properties under mild pressure conditions. The elemental composition of the antiwear films generated on steel counterfaces were investigated with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). It was found that sulfur-donor and Mo-donor additives reacted with the counterface metal and generated a surface protective film consisting of FeS and MoS₂.     

极压抗磨剂在GTL基础油中的感受性研究*

为探讨GTL基础油与常用极压抗磨剂感受性,分别将二烷基二硫代磷酸锌（T203）、磷酸三甲酚酯（T306）、二烷基二硫代氨基甲酸钼（S-525）、钼胺络合物（MOLYVAN 855）、硫磷酸复酯胺盐（T307）、硫化异丁烯（T321）和合成酯（VANLUBE 7723）与GTL基础油进行调配,利用四球摩擦试验机分别考察单剂和复配后油样的最大无卡咬负荷、磨斑直径和摩擦因数。结果表明：T307、MOLYVAN 855在GTL基础油中极压性和抗磨性最优;T203和VANLUBE 7723复配、T203和MOLYVAN 855复配对GTL基础油极压性和抗磨性能提升明显,而T203和S-525复配具有最佳的减摩效果;T306分别和S-525、T307和T321复配时表现出的极压性能变化趋势相似,而T306和T307复配在表现出良好极压性能的同时,兼具有较好的减摩抗磨效果。     

Investigation of the triboengineering characteristics of plastic railway greases with inorganic polymeric additives

It is proposed to use certain inorganic polymeric phosphates as antiwear and antiscoring additives in plastic greases in heavily loaded units of railway rolling stock. Introduction of sodium molybdophosphate into the plastic greases Buksol and GRO-M considerably reduces the friction coefficient of the steel-steel friction pair and keeps it stable over time. The molecular mechanism of the effect of the additives is considered.     

硫烯在季戊四醇酯中的摩擦学特性的研究

以季戊四醇酯为基础油，在四球摩擦磨损试验机上研究了硫烯(T321)添加剂的摩擦学特性。使用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察了磨痕形貌，用能谱仪分析了油膜成分。结果表明硫烯(T321)能显著提高季戊四醇酯的抗烧结负荷值(PD)；在质量分数为2％时表现出较好的抗磨减摩能力和较高的无卡咬负荷值(PB)。     

The influence of lubricating fluid type on the properties of biodegradable greases

The lubricating ability of a grease depends on both the base oil and the thickener. As a result of their intrinsic properties and/or because of their com‐patibility with thickeners and specific additives, base fluids have different influences upon the properties of grease formulations. It is well known that mineral oils are the most widely used lubricant bases due to their inherent lubricity and lower cost, but recent environmental concern has led to consideration of the use of vegetable oils and readily biodegradable synthetic fluids as raw materials in lubricating grease formulations. As well as the base materials, the additives for biodegradable greases should also be biodegradable. This requirement limits the kind of products that may be used in environmentally friendly greases. This paper presents comparative data concerning the tribological and physico‐chemical properties of biodegradable greases formulated with certain vegetable oils, such as rape seed oil, castor oil, and soybean oil or their mixtures, and synthetic esters. The improvement of the load‐carrying properties of biodegradable greases and the antioxidative effect of some suitable additives have also been studied, and the results are presented here.