风机性能试验中非线性问题的处理

在处理风机性能试验数据时,质量流量和雷诺数相互耦合,需要迭代求解,此时采用可靠的算法能提高计算精度。为了得到既可靠又方便快捷的算法,基于MATLAB编写了两种程序,用具体实例对两种算法进行了验证对比。结果表明,MATLAB自带的非线性优化函数fsolve能较好地满足需要,而两种方法对比使用也使数据处理结果更具可靠性。     

热处理对2124铝合金热轧厚板组织与性能的影响

通过室温拉伸性能测试和DSC、TEM分析, 对2124铝合金40 mm厚板的热处理制度进行了研究。研究结果表明, 合金主要强化相为S'和θ'过渡相; 合金的适宜固溶温度为495～500 ℃, 固溶时间为80～100 min; 适当提高固溶温度或延长固溶时间, 合金中过剩相的溶解程度增大, 提高了合金的固溶程度, 从而提高合金的强度; 合金适宜的时效温度为185 ℃, 时效时间为12 h。     

6063合金建筑型材表面白带缺陷的研究

经氧化上色后型材表面出现的白带缺陷系表面成分不均匀所缺。该缺陷的产生与分流组合模挤压时特有的焊缝外露及连续挤压时铸锭衔接处的夹杂堆积有关。由于表面夹层的存在使该处氧化膜不完整，上色困难，形成颜色很浅的白带缺陷。通过调整分流组合模结构，改变焊缝位置和避免连续挤压铸锭头尾污染可减少或消除白带缺陷。     

Effect of minor Sc and Zr on superplasticity of Al-Mg-Mn alloys

The effect of Sc and Zr on the superplastic properties of Al-Mg-Mn alloy sheets was investigated by control experiment. The superplastic properties and the mechanism of superplastic deformation of the two alloys were studied by means of optical microscope, scanning electronic microscope and transmission electron microscope. The elongation to failure of Al-Mg-Mn-Sc-Zr alloy is larger than that of Al-Mg-Mn alloy at the same temperature and initial strain rate. The variation of strain rate sensitivity index is similar to that of elongation to failure. In addition, Al-Mg-Mn-Sc-Zr alloy exhibits higher strain rate superplastic property. The activation energies of the two alloys that are calculated by constitutive equation and linear regression method approach the energy of grain boundary diffusion. The addition of Sc and Zr decreases activation energy and improves the superplastic property of Al-Mg-Mn alloy. The addition of Sc and Zr refines the grain structure greatly. The main mechanism of superplastic deformation of the two alloys is grain boundary sliding accommodated by grain boundary diffusion. The fine grain structure and high density of grain boundary, benefit grain boundary sliding, and dynamic recrystallization brings new fine grain and high angle grain boundary which benefit grain boundary sliding too. Grain boundary diffusion, dislocation motion and dynamic recrystallization harmonize the grain boundary sliding during deformation.     

2A70铝合金扁铸锭熔铸工艺研究

从熔体净化、铸造温度、铸造速度及冷却速度等方面对2A70铝合金扁铸锭的熔铸工艺进行了研究，确定了2A70铝合金扁铸锭的铸造工艺参数。     

01570铝合金热变形行为的实验研究

采用Gleeble-1500热模拟机对圆柱试样进行恒温和恒速压缩变形实验，研究了01570铝合金在变形温度为360-480℃、应变速率为0．001～1s^-1条件下的流变变形行为。结果表明：应变速率和变形温度对合金流变应力的大小有显著影响，流变应力随温度升高而降低，随应变速率的提高而增大，达到峰值后趋于平稳，表现出动态回复的特征。可用包含Arrhenius项的Zener-Hollomon参数描述01570铝合金高温塑性变形时的流变行为。     

汽车车身用Al-Mg-Si合金薄板织构及r值的研究

采用织构测定分析、TEM观察和拉伸实验研究了退火态、固溶态及T4态汽车车身用Al-0.9Mg-1.0Si-0.7Cu-0.6Mn合金薄板的再结晶晶粒取向、拉伸变形时的晶粒转动规律及其对板材塑性应变比r值的影响.结果表明：具有copper和brass取向的冷轧铝板经410℃×1 h退火或540℃×0.5 h固溶处理后,其再结晶主织构均为绕板法线方向旋转20°的立方取向,即Cube＋ND20,自然时效对再结晶织构无明显影响;单向拉伸过程中主织构Cube＋ND20取向晶粒绕板法线ND向〈100〉方向旋转5°左右,成为Cube＋ND15取向,同时取向密度降低;不同热处理状态铝板在拉伸变形任意应变量时的r值均大致相同.     

Effect of homogenization treatment on microstructure and properties of Al-Mg-Mn-Sc-Zr alloy

The effect of homogenization on the hardness,tensile properties,electrical conductivity and microstructure of as-cast Al-6Mg-0.4Mn-0.25Sc-0.12Zr alloy was studied.The results show that during homogenization as-cast studied alloy has obviously hardening effect that is similar to aging hardening behavior in traditional Al alloys.The precipitates are mainly Al3(Sc,Zr)and Al6Mn.When homogenization temperature increases the hardness peak value is declined and the time corresponding to hardness peak value is shortened.The electrical conductivity of the alloy monotonously increases with increasing homogenization temperature and time.The decomposition of the supersaturated solid solution containing Sc and Zr which is formed during direct chilling casting and the precipitation of Al3(Sc,Zr)cause hardness increasing.The depletion of the matrix solid solubility decreases the ability of electron scattering in the alloy,resulting in the electrical conductivity increased.Tensile property result at hot rolling state shows that the optimal homogenization treatment processing is holding at 300-350 ℃ for 6-8 h.     

成型方向对MgO-C质耐火材料性能的影响

为研究不同成型方向对镁碳质耐火材料性能的影响,选取97级电熔镁砂和-195鳞片状石墨为主要原料,以热固性酚醛树脂为结合剂,在1 300 t摩擦压砖机上分别以平打平砌法(成型方向为砌筑层高方向)和侧打平砌法(成型方向垂直于砌筑层高方向)生产指定尺寸的楔形镁碳砖.按规定取样规则制样,分别检测其显气孔率、体积密度、常温耐压强度和1 400℃×0.5h高温抗折强度.结果 表明,当成型方向为砌筑层高方向时,楔形镁碳砖从小头到大头的各项性能均稳定;当成型方向垂直于砌筑层高方向时,楔形镁碳砖从小头到大头的显气孔率不断升高,体积密度、常温耐压强度和高温抗折强度不断降低并随其稍度增大而愈加明显.采用平打平砌法能获得性能稳定的楔形镁碳砖,可为生产制度的制定提供合理依据.     

大修高炉开炉确定合理布料矩阵实践

对酒钢1 800 m~3高炉大修开炉确定合理布料矩阵进行了总结。针对酒钢1 800 m~3高炉技改大修后炉型尺寸的变化,通过采取开炉装料时利用激光测料面,休风实测焦炭、矿石布料的最大角和尾角,取掉十字测温装置等措施,逐步摸索出合理的布料矩阵,实现高炉指标的快速优化。