Influence of CO2 inleakage on the slight-alkalization of generator internal cooling water

The slight-alkalization of generator internal cooling water (GICW) is widely used to inhibit the corrosion of hollow copper conductor and thereby ensure the safe operation of the generator. CO₂ inleakage is increasingly identified as a potential security risk for GICW system. In this paper, the influence of CO₂ inleakage on the slight-alkalization of GICW was theoretically discussed. Based on the equilibriums of the CO₂-NaOH-H₂O system, CO₂ inleakage saturation was derived to quantify the amount of the dissolved CO₂ in GICW. This parameter can be directly calculated with the measured conductivity and the [Na⁺] of GICW. The influence of CO₂ inleakage on the slight-alkalization conditioning of GICW and the measurement of its water quality parameters were then analyzed. The more severe the inleakage, the narrower the water quality operation ranges of GICW, resulting in the more difficult the slight-alkalization conditioning of GICW. The temperature calibrations of the conductivity and the pH value of GICW show non-linear correlations with the amount of CO₂ inleakage and the NaOH dosage. This study provides insights into the influence of CO₂ inleakage on the slight-alkalization of GICW, which can serve as the theoretical basis for the actual slight-alkalization when CO₂ inleakage occurs.     

Nacre-Inspired,Liquid Metal-Based Ultrasensitive Electronic Skin by Spatially Regulated Cracking Strategy

The realization of liquid metal-based wearable systems will be a milestone toward high-performance, integrated electronic skin. However, despite the revolutionary progress achieved in many other components of electronic skin, liquid metal-based flexible sensors still suffer from poor sensitivity due to the insufficient resistance change of liquid metal to deformation. Herein, a nacre-inspired architecture composed of a biphasic pattern (liquid metal with Cr/Cu underlayer) as “bricks” and strain-sensitive Ag film as “mortar” is developed, which breaks the long-standing sensitivity bottleneck of liquid metal-based electronic skin. With 2 orders of magnitude of sensitivity amplification while maintaining wide (>85%) working range, for the first time, liquid metal-based strain sensors rival the state-of-art counterparts. This liquid metal composite features spatially regulated cracking behavior. On the one hand, hard Cr cells locally modulate the strain distribution, which avoids premature cut-through cracks and prolongs the defect propagation in the adjacent Ag film. On the other hand, the separated liquid metal cells prevent unfavorable continuous liquid-metal paths and create crack-free regions during strain. Demonstrated in diverse scenarios, the proposed design concept may spark more applications of ultrasensitive liquid metal-based electronic skins, and reveals a pathway for sensor development via crack engineering.     

SIL验证与安全仪表系统的优化设计

安全仪表功能(SIF)回路是为了降低特定场景的安全风险而设置的,定级报告中SIF回路的功能描述是工艺设计的完整逻辑要求,包含关键动作及附件动作。安全完整性等级(SIL)验证属于概率学领域研究范畴,影响失效率的因素多且复杂。如果SIL验证无法通过,将造成大量的设计变更,浪费工程投资,影响工期。设计人员应关注SIL定级报告中关键动作的识别、要求平均失效概率以及SIF回路架构的约束。按照文中方法优化测量元件、逻辑控制器、执行元件及辅助元件的设计,可增加通过验证的概率。在没有预验证及安全要求规格书时,可以参考文中典型可通过SIL验证的SIF回路的经验架构进行优化设计,以减少工程变更。     

Analysis of a Self-Consistent Description of Equilibrium Menisci and the Size Dependence of Their Formation in Slitlike Pores

Protection of Metals and Physical Chemistry of Surfaces - The distribution of the density of the adsorbate inside the transition region of the liquid–vapor interface in a slit pore, in which...     

Multiple clusterings of heterogeneous information networks

Machine Learning - Traditional clustering algorithms focus on a single clustering result; as such, they cannot explore potential diverse patterns of complex real world data. To deal with this...     

An index structure supporting rule activation in pervasive applications

World Wide Web - Rule mechanism has been widely used in many areas, such as databases, artificial intelligent and pervasive computing. In a rule mechanism, rule activation decides which rules are...     

轻量级电驱水下机械臂设计与运动学分析

设计了一款四功能水下机械臂，并对驱动关节进行了模块化设计和密封测试。为了保证水下机械臂的可靠性，在水下机械臂水下测试前，进行了强度校核和模态分析。为了验证水下机械臂的性能，通过 Ｄ- Ｈ法建立了其运动学模型，在此基础上分别进行了正、逆运动学分析。此外还采用蒙特卡洛法，在正运动学分析的基础上研究了工作空间特点。研究结果将为进一步的运动控制提供有益的帮助。     

基于学习进程的学习评估在大学化学教学中的实践

高等教育质量提升的关键在于课程教学质量的不断完善。作为高等教育的重要环节,化学课程教学在非化学化工专业人才的知识体系构建、能力培养、素质养成方面有着不可或缺的作用。大学化学课程的教学实践表明,基于学习进程的评估有利于激发学生的学习积极性,显著提高教学班的整体成绩并实现课程教学质量的提升。     

国家治理的系统工程视角——民主与集中的张力

国家是一个开放的复杂巨系统,从系统工程视角探讨国家治理的一些学理问题。由统治到治理,国家治理体系如何保持民主与集中的张力是亟待解决的重要问题,意味着政府职能的重大转变及大众民主的深化与扩大。国家治理体系需要国家理论的指导,在回顾资产阶级国家理论及马克思主义国家理论的基础上,建议研究当代中国特色社会主义的国家理论,以回答国家治理实践中的诸多问题。"人民当家作主"应当是我国国家治理体系的最高价值目标,也是最根本的政治目标,有必要探讨这一目标的实现形式。在社会主义国家,官僚主义以及由此衍生的资产阶级法权是这一目标的最大障碍。基层社会治理应当是政府他组织与基层自组织的有机结合,是政府顶层设计、指导服务与基层组织承担责任的有机统一,以此实现社会良法善治。