Geopolymer concrete-filled pultruded composite beams – Concrete mix design and application

The limited research on the geopolymer concrete mix design for targeting a specific strength is identified an obstacle for their effective design and wide use. In this paper, a mix design procedure has been proposed for fly-ash based geopolymer concrete and its use as infill hybrid composite beam is investigated. Then, the structural performance of geopolymer concrete filled hybrid composite beam is investigated to determine their possible application in civil infrastructure. Firstly, a detailed procedure of mix design for fly-ash based geopolymer concrete is presented. Secondly, three hybrid beams filled with geopolymer concrete were prepared and tested in a four-point bending setup to evaluate their flexural modulus and modulus of rupture. Numerical and analytical evaluation of the behaviour of hybrid beam were performed and results showed a good agreement with the experimental investigation. Thirdly, the suitability of the beam for a composite railway sleeper is evaluated and compared with existing timber and composite sleepers. Finally, the beams’ performance in a ballast railway track is analysed using Strand7 finite element simulation software and the results showed that the new concept of using geopolymer concrete as infill to pultruded composite section satisfied the stiffness and strength requirements for a railway sleeper.     

Effect of in-app components,medium, and screen size of electronic textbooks on reading performance,behavior, and perception

Although many app-based textbooks are available for students, reading have not been thoroughly outlined. This study aimed to understand how changes from paper to electronic textbooks have affected the academic reading task, investigate student users’ perceptions of in-app components and screen sizes, and identify issues affecting in-app components and task requirements. A mixed factorial design experiment was employed. Results showed that there were no significant changes in comprehension and time spent reading between print text and the iPad. Yet, student highlighting, notetaking, and reading behavior and perception significantly changed based on condition. In addition, students struggled to use in-app components and found them frustrating especially when accounting for sentence splitting. The findings presented can assist in understanding the changes in student reading behavior, which can be used to improve interface design of future e-textbooks.     

超高效液相色谱串联质谱法测定烟草中的噁霉灵残留

为降低烟草中噁霉灵检测中的基质干扰，提高检测灵敏度和和稳定性，通过试验建立了以QuEChERS为样品前处理方法、液相色谱串联质谱仪为检测仪器的烟草中噁霉灵残留检测方法。样品加水浸润后，经丙酮提取、盐析试剂包除水、石墨化炭黑除杂后，采用Agilent ZORBAX 300SB-C8液相色谱柱（2.1 mm×100 mm，1.8 μm）分离，甲醇-水程序洗脱，ESI雾化，串联质谱MRM检测。结果发现，该方法在0.0025~0.0500 mg/L范围内线性良好，决定系数r²=0.9996，定量检测限1.06 μg/L，回收率在90.8%~92.0%之间，相对标准偏差为5.1%。运用该方法测定烟草中的噁霉灵，操作简单，检测精度高，满足CORESTA对烟草农残检测的要求。     

高密度聚乙烯/铅硼复合材料屏蔽性能和力学性能研究

研究了高密度聚乙烯/铅硼复合材料的屏蔽性能和力学性能，通过屏蔽仿真比较了密度及碳化硼（B4C）含量对屏蔽性能的影响，通过试验比较了B4C含量对屏蔽性能、弯曲强度及冲击强度的影响。仿真结果表明,随聚乙烯/铅硼复合材料密度升高，快中子屏蔽性能下降，热中子屏蔽性能和γ屏蔽性能提高；保持聚乙烯/铅硼复合材料密度不变，随B4C含量的提高，中子屏蔽性能提高而γ屏蔽性能下降;实验数据表明,随B4C含量的升高，高密度聚乙烯/铅硼材料的快中子屏蔽性能、热中子屏蔽性能升高，γ屏蔽系数下降，冲击强度和弯曲强度下降明显，屏蔽性能测试结果和仿真结果规律性相符；综合仿真结果和实验数据表明，含B4C 2 %左右的高密度聚乙烯/铅硼复合材料同时具有较好的屏蔽性能和力学性能。     

Mixed-Metal MOF-74 Templated Catalysts for Efficient Carbon Dioxide Capture and Methanation

The vast chemical and structural tunability of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are beginning to be harnessed as functional supports for catalytic nanoparticles spanning a range of applications. However, a lack of straightforward methods for producing nanoparticle-encapsulated MOFs as efficient heterogeneous catalysts limits their usage. Herein, a mixed-metal MOF, NiMg-MOF-74, is utilized as a template to disperse small Ni nanoclusters throughout the parent MOF. By exploiting the difference in Ni O and Mg O coordination bond strength, Ni²⁺ is selectively reduced to form highly dispersed Ni nanoclusters constrained by the parent MOF pore diameter, while Mg²⁺ remains coordinated in the framework. By varying the ratio of Ni to Mg in the parent MOF, accessible surface area and crystallinity can be tuned upon thermal treatment, influencing CO₂ adsorption capacity and hydrogenation selectivity. The resulting Ni nanoclusters prove to be an active catalyst for CO₂ methanation and are examined using extended X-ray absorption fine structure and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. By preserving a segment of the Mg²⁺-containing MOF framework, the composite system retains a portion of its CO₂ adsorption capacity while continuing to deliver catalytic activity. The approach is thus critical for designing materials that can bridge the gap between carbon capture and CO₂ utilization.     

Systematic convergence of nonlinear stochastic estimators on the Special Orthogonal Group SO(3)

This paper introduces two novel nonlinear stochastic attitude estimators developed on the Special Orthogonal Group with the tracking error of the normalized Euclidean distance meeting predefined transient and steady‐state characteristics. The tracking error is confined to initially start within a predetermined large set such that the transient performance is guaranteed to obey dynamically reducing boundaries and decrease smoothly and asymptotically to the origin in probability from almost any initial condition. The proposed estimators produce accurate attitude estimates with remarkable convergence properties using measurements obtained from low‐cost inertial measurement units. The estimators proposed in continuous form are complemented by their discrete versions for the implementation purposes. The simulation results illustrate the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed estimators against uncertain measurements and large initialization error, whether in continuous or discrete form.     

机加工孔套管抗挤压强度有限元分析

套管屈服强度直接影响套管抗挤压性能，套管在加工孔过程中可能诱发孔眼附近材料发生金属相变，导致套管屈服强度不再均匀分布，进而影响套管抗挤压强度。在相同工况下，对比了P110完整套管和机加工孔套管的抗挤压强度，以此为参照组分析了相变区域面积和相变区域屈服强度对机加工孔套管抗挤压强度的影响。结果表明，机加工孔会改变材料屈服强度，进而影响套管抗挤压性能。随金属相变区域屈服强度减小，机加工孔套管抗挤压强度减弱；当金属相变区域屈服强度增大时，机加工孔套管抗挤压强度增强。且机加工孔套管相变区域面积对机加工孔套管抗挤压强度的影响随相变区域屈服强度增加而逐渐削弱。     

基于旋翼负压混合吸附的爬壁清洗机器人系统动力学性能研究

针对爬壁清洗机器人越障时,负压装置的吸附力下降导致吸附不稳定的问题,设计了一种旋翼负压混合吸附工作的多边形履带清洗机器人,并对爬行稳定性及越障性能进行了动力学分析。首先根据机器人爬壁的运动原理,建立机器人沿玻璃幕墙上的动力学模型,计算出电机理论驱动力矩;其次分析机器人在跨越障碍过程中的运动模型,结合与壁面接触的实际受力状态,对越障过程中关键阶段的本体倾翻、滑移两种失效形式进行运动学和动力学分析;然后根据玻璃幕墙实际的障碍高度,确定多边形履带的参数和理论驱动力矩的大小,并研制了实验样机进行爬行和越障试验,结果表明所设计的机器人具有良好的越障性能。     

采油树平板闸阀柔性密封圈结构优化设计

为了提高采油树平板闸阀密封圈的密封性能,在泛塞封的基础上,设计一种密封圈本体唇边开有锯齿状凸起的新型柔性密封结构;运用有限元分析方法模拟密封圈的工作状况,分析柔性密封结构特性参数对密封圈密封性能的影响,获得不同柔性密封圈结构参数下密封面间接触应力分布规律,并对新型密封结构进行优化。结果表明:密封面间最大接触应力随唇边锯齿数量、唇边夹角度数的增大而增大,随唇谷夹角度数的增大而减小;新型密封结构选择锯齿数量为3、唇边夹角为20°、唇谷夹角为30°的特性参数时,其最大接触应力比常规Y形密封圈提高了15倍;新型柔性密封结构的密封圈与阀杆、阀盖壁面间接触应力比常规Y形密封圈有显著提高,提高了密封圈的密封性能。     

自动捕捉平衡系数试验电流工具设计

在电梯平衡系数传统测量方法中,存在电梯轿厢和对重平衡点难以判断、人为因素导致测量误差偏大、测量不准导致效率低等问题,为解决这些问题,设计出一款基于光电传感器和霍尔传感器的电流自动捕捉工具,除能够高效准确识别电梯轿厢和对重平衡点的位置外,还能通过无线信号传输处理,利用钳形电流表精确捕捉平衡点位置的电流值。经测试使用,该工具系统消除了在平衡系数测量过程中捕捉电流值的人为因素影响,并解决了无机房不能准确判断平衡点问题,有效的提高了检验工作的准确性和效率。