Compatibility of polysaccharide/maleic copolymer blends. IV. Thermal behavior of hydroxypropyl cellulose‐containing blends

The compatibility of the hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) with maleic acid–vinyl acetate copolymer in the solid state was studied by thermogravimetry, thermo‐optical analysis, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and optical microscopy. It was established that physical interactions are prevalent in blends with a high content of HPC, whereas chemical interactions predominate in blends with a medium and low content of HPC. By increasing the temperature, the thermochemical reactions are favored. Thermal properties are dependent on the mixing ratio of the components. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 88: 2585–2597, 2003     

粘帚霉可湿性粉剂助剂的初步研究

可湿性粉剂是生物农药的重要剂型。通过平板培养法，测定菌落形成单位数（cfu值1，开展了可湿性粉剂多种常用助剂对高效生防真菌粉红粘帚霉67．1菌株孢子的生物学相容性研究。所试载体中，滑石粉等4种处理与对照没有显著性的差异，对粘帚霉孢子活力影响不明显；所试润湿分散剂中，木质素磺酸钙与对照没有显著性差异，对粘帚霉孢子活力影响不明显；所试紫外保护剂均对孢子活力无显著影响，但在紫外灯照射3min的条件下，只有腐植酸和糊精能有效保护孢子活力；常用稳定剂CMC—Na（羧甲基纤维素钠）对孢子活力无影响。上述多种与粘帚霉孢子具良好生物学相容性助剂的确定，为粘帚霉可湿性粉剂的研究提供重要依据。     

聚酰胺共混物的结构与性能

就近年来国内聚酰胺共混物的形态结构、相容性、流变行为、力学性质四方面的研究进展作一综述。     

Viscoelastic Behavior, Thermodynamic Compatibility, and Phase Equilibria in Block Copolymer-Based Pressure-Sensitive Adhesives

The viscoelastic behavior, thermodynamic compatibility, and phase equilibria in block copolymer-based pressure-sensitive adhesives were investigated. The block copolymers investigated were: (1) polystyrene-block-polybutadiene-block-polystyrene (SBS) copolymer (KRATON® D-1102, Shell Development Company) and (2) polystyrene-block-polyisoprene-block-polystyrene (SIS) copolymer (KRATON® D-1107, Shell Development Company). The tackifying resins investigated were: (1) WINGTACK® 86 (Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company) and (2) PICCOTAC® 95BHT (Hercules Inc.). Samples of various compositions were prepared by a solution-casting method with toluene as solvent. Measurements of dynamic storage modulus (G'), dynamic loss modulus (G'), and loss tangent (tan δ) were taken, using a Rheometrics Mechanical Spectrometer. It was found that: (1) both WINGTACK 86 and PICCOTAC 95BHT were equally effective in decreasing the plateau modulus (G^O_N), and increasing the glass transition temperature (T_g) of the polyisoprene midblock of KRATON 1107; and (2) WINGTACK 86 was very effective in decreasing the G^O_N and increasing the T_g of the polybutadiene midblock of KRATON 1102, whereas PICCOTAC 95BHT was not. The observed difference between WINGTACK 86 and PICCOTAC 95BHT in decreasing the G^O_N and increasing the T_g of the polybutadiene midblock of KRATON 1102, whereas PICCOTAC 95BHT was not. The observed difference between WINGTACK 86 and PICCOTAC 95BHT in decreasing the G^O_N and increasing the T_g of the polybutadiene midblock of KRATON 1102 (perhaps to SBS block copolymers in general) is explained by the values of the interaction parameter for WINGTACK 86 and KRATON 1102, and for PICCOTAC 95BHT and KRATON 1102. The interaction parameter was determined, using the piezoelectric quartz sorption method. Phase diagrams were constructed for the four block copolymer/tackifying resin systems investigated, using information obtained from both dynamic viscoelastic measurements and optical microscopy. It was found that when mixed with KRATON 1102, PICCOTAC 95BHT formed separate domains whereas WINGTACK 86 did not over the range of concentrations and temperatures investigated. This confirms the evidence obtained from two other independent experimental techniques, namely, dynamic viscoelastic measurements and the piezo-electric sorption method. We have concluded from the present study that PICCOTAC 95BHT is not as an effective tackifying resin as WINGTACK 86, when each is mixed with KRATON 1102. It is pointed out further that information on the order-disorder transition temperature T_r, which was determined from a rheological technique proposed by us, is valuable in determining optimal processing conditions for block copolymer-based pressure-sensitive adhesives.     

铸膜液结构对PVC/PMMA合金微滤膜性能的影响

通过高分子合金化,以L-S相转化法制备了PVC/PMMA非对称型合金微滤膜,考察了铸膜液结构对微滤膜结构与性能的影响.结果表明:随聚合物浓度、铸膜液温度升高合金膜水通量降低,平均孔径减小;增大PMMA含量,水通量上升,平均孔径增大;随添加剂量的增加,合金膜水通量上升,平均孔径减小.     

Marsh筒法量化评价水泥与减水剂流变学相容性的探讨

从流变学角度阐述了Marsh筒试验参数的物理意义,并提出用5min流动性能系数K1、λmin（λ〉5）流动性能系数K2、流动性能经时损失系数K3及流变学相容性指数α来定量评价水泥与减水剂相容性的优劣。     

Ink‐eliminated waste paper sludge flour‐filled polypropylene composites with different coupling agent treatments

Ink‐eliminated sludge flour (IESF), waste residue from the recycling treatments of waste paper, was utilized as a new kind of filler to reinforce polypropylene (PP) in this research work. Different coupling agents, including maleated anhydride grafted PP (MAPP), stearic acid (SA), and titanate (NDZ‐101), were used to increase the compatibility between IESF and PP. By using different measurements, the microstructure, morphology, thermal behaviors, and mechanical properties of the IESF/PP composites were investigated in detail. It was found that IESF, as a nucleation agent, not only induced the crystallization orientation of PP but also accelerate the crystallization rate of PP. Just as indicated in the experiments, the presence of IESF has shown the advantages of increasing the dimensional stability, the hardness and the flexural property, and the presence of coupling agents has a favorable effect on the improvement of dimensional stability. Moreover, the coupling agent has minor influence on the mechanical property, even causes some decrease in the impact strength. Among these three coupling agents, MAPP is found to be the best coupling agent for increasing the interfacial adhesion between IESF and PP, and the MAPP addition makes the PP composite possess the quickest crystallization rate and greatest tensile strength. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 89: 513–520, 2003     

多羧酸系高效减水剂与水泥的相容性

研究了不同高效减水剂(多羧酸系、萘系)对普通硅酸盐水泥、中热硅酸盐水泥、矿渣硅酸盐水泥及快硬硅酸盐水泥浆体的流动度及流动度经时损失情况。结果表明,多羧酸系高效减水剂比萘系高效减水剂与水泥具有更好的相容性;多羧酸系和萘系高效减水剂与不同水泥之间的相容性规律基本相同,即与矿渣水泥相容性较好,而与普通硅酸盐水泥相容性较差;多羧酸系高效减水剂适宜的使用温度为10～30℃。     

电热化学炮膛压测试系统的电磁兼容设计

由于电热化学炮发射时存在强电磁干扰和地电位浮动,膛压测试系统的测试准确性和仪器的安全性均受到了严重的影响。针对这一问题,根据恶劣条件下的动态测试理论,利用PCB的电磁兼容技术,不同材料多层组合的屏蔽技术,接地技术,滤波技术以及光电隔离技术,完成了基于电热化学炮膛压测试系统的电磁兼容设计。并通过试验验证了这种设计能有效解决电磁干扰问题,确保获得可靠的膛压数据,对分析电热化学炮结构的合理性,炮架的强度和刚度设计等有重要意义。     

Morphology of epoxy resin modified with silyl‐crosslinked urethane elastomer

Silyl‐crosslinked urethane elastomer modifying epoxy resin has drawn much interest. Here the triethoxysilyl‐terminated polycaprolactone elastomer (PCL‐TESi) modifying diglycidylether of bisphenol A epoxy resins (DGEBA) system was chosen, and then the effect of the type of curing agent on the phase structure of the studied epoxy resin system was investigated. The modified systems were obtained with different phase structures by varying the formulations of the curing agent. It was experimentally shown that with the addition of aminosilane (KBE‐9103), the crosslinked density was greatly increased. The cured system also showed from SEM and TEM analysis that addition of KBE‐9103 increased the compatibility between the PCL‐TESi and DGEBA, which made the ductility of the system decrease, but also indicated from TEM that addition of much KBE‐9103 made the reacted silicone particles coagulate each other. The state of phase separation from TEM in the cured system was theoretically explained. These would serve the deeper studies of the mechanism of silyl‐crosslinked urethane elastomer modifying epoxy resin in the future. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 97: 611–619, 2005