10CrNi2Mo3Cu2V耐热钢的高温析出与脆化机制

摘要：利用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、力学性能测试等方法,分析了10CrNi2Mo3Cu2V耐热钢锻件的脆化原因,并研究了钢在1050～850℃区间的高温析出行为,及其对冲击韧性的影响。结果表明,锻件脆化由粗大的链状M6C相引起,950～850℃温度区间,钢中发生M6C相的高温析出行为,导致冲击韧性恶化。析出温度区间内,降低温度、延长时间均能促进析出相的形核与长大,使M6C相含量增加,尺寸长大,分布更加聚集,逐渐形成链状形貌。Mo元素偏析能够提高M6C相的开始析出温度、增加相含量。锻造温度是影响高温析出行为的关键因素,应控制终锻温度不小于950℃,避免锻后脆化。     

基于MATLAB/Simulink的MXG-500D型采煤机调速系统仿真

针对控制系统传统的传递函数结构图仿真方法的不足 ,提出一种基于MATLAB的Simulink和PowerSystem工具箱、面向系统电气原理结构图的仿真新方法 ,该方法类似于实际的电路搭建 ,直观且可读性强。重点介绍了同步脉冲触发器、电磁转差离合器装置的建模 ,给出了采煤机电磁调速控制系统的仿真模型和仿真结果 ,实验表明仿真结果接近实际波形 ,可信度较高     

鸡西煤矿机械厂电镀电源改造的实现

针对鸡西煤矿机械厂电镀电源的特点 ,根据经济、可靠、操作方便的原则 ,主电路每个桥臂均使用单管 ,采取单独冷却和增设水路观察口等可靠措施。控制回路选用以TC787AP为核心的新型移相电路 ,同时增设短路、过载、断水及水电闭锁等保护电路 ,对原设备进行了彻底的改造。此电路不仅适用于鸡西煤矿机械厂电镀电源 ,同时也为电镀电源生产厂家和使用电镀电源的用户提供了新的设计方案。     

开采沉陷在土体中传递的计算机模拟

文中以开采沉陷在土体中的传递规律为理论模型，应用可视软件开发环境VisualBasic6．0编制一套模拟开采沉陷土体移动变形规律的计算机软件，并介绍了程序的主要功能和编程的关键点。     

钛合金板抗12.7mm穿甲燃烧弹厚度效应试验研究

采用12.7 mm穿甲燃烧弹对不同厚度的Ti-6Al-4V钛合金板进行厚度效应试验,研究钛合金板厚度对其防护能力的影响。采用等重钢总穿深及防护系数的方法考核其抗弹性能。结果表明,钛合金板抗小口径枪弹(12.7 mm穿燃弹)板厚在10~30 mm间厚度效应呈现正效应。     

冷冲高硬度材料模具的失效分析与选材

用WC-Co型硬质合金和高合金钢以不同的匹配方式制作冷冲模具,对高硬度材料2Cr13不锈钢进行冲裁,发现以高合金钢制作的模具寿命远高于硬质合金制作的模具。其失效方式及所占比例表明,硬质合金主要以掉渣和崩刃为主,而高合金钢以正常磨损为主。分析可知,由于剧烈磨损而引起WC-Co型硬质合金Co的缺失,破坏了WC骨架,最终导致模具局部韧性不足而掉渣;而高合金钢韧性相对较好,延长了使用寿命,但同时由于热加工工艺的不适当导致碳化物不均或硬度不稳定而未充分发挥材料的潜能,对提高高合金钢的使用寿命给出了改进方案。     

UTSA-280 metal–organic framework incorporated 6FDA-polyimide mixed-matrix membranes for ethylene/ethane separation

Mixed-matrix membranes (MMMs), judiciously combining processability of polymer and remarkable separation performance of nanofillers, have been extensive pursuits for molecular separation process. Permeability matching between filler and polymer is one of the necessary requisites to desirable mixed-matrix effect. Considering the superior molecular sieving effect of UTSA-280 metal-organic frameworks on C₂H₄ and C₂H₆, here, we report two types of UTSA-280/6FDA-polyimide MMMs toward C₂H₄/C₂H₆ separation. The molecular sieving effect of UTSA-280 endowed 6FDA-DAM:DABA(3:2) membrane with simultaneous improvements in C₂H₄ permeability and C₂H₄/C₂H₆ selectivity. Optimally, when the filler reached 21.80 wt%, C₂H₄ permeability and C₂H₄/C₂H₆ selectivity was increased to 6.49 Barrer (by 15%) and 4.94 (by 32%), respectively. On the contrary, UTSA-280/6FDA-DAM MMMs showed undesirable mixed-matrix effect that C₂H₄ permeability decreased meanwhile C₂H₄/C₂H₆ selectivity nearly kept at polymeric pristine membrane level. It was found that permeability matching between two phases was responsible to these opposite mixed-matrix effects. More specifically, UTSA-280 had a relatively low gas permeability so that it required a less permeable polymeric matrix like 6FDA-DAM:DABA(3:2) to exert its molecular sieving effect. Furthermore, the optimal-matching 6FDA-matrix in permeability with UTSA-280 fillers was predicted by theoretical model. This work not only reports improving C₂H₄/C₂H₆ separation performance via mixed-matrix formulation, but also emphasizes the importance of permeability matching between polymer and filler to realize the mixed-matrix effect.     

基于二苯并-18-冠-6基体改性的K+选择性离子交换膜的制备及性能研究

基于18-冠-6醚环腔体可与K⁺形成1∶1型稳定的络合物,通过掺杂的方式将4,4'-二氨基-二苯并-18-冠-6（A18C6）引入离子交换膜基材料中并成膜,然后利用1,3,5-苯三甲酰氯（TMC）对A18C6分子进行交联固定,制得一系列改性阳离子交换膜。通过改变A18C6的含量和TMC的反应时间来调控阳离子交换膜的基体结构,系统考察了改性膜在K⁺/Mg²⁺、K⁺/Na⁺ 和K⁺/Li⁺的二元体系中对K⁺的电渗析选择性。研究结果表明,在电流密度为5.0 mA·cm^-2的条件下,最优膜M-A18C6-10%-T30在K⁺/Mg²⁺和K⁺/Li⁺体系中对K⁺的选择性（P_{\mathrm{M}{\mathrm{g}}^{\mathrm{2}+}}^{{\mathrm{K}}^{+}}=\mathrm{6.96},P_{\mathrm{L}{\mathrm{i}}^{+}}^{{\mathrm{K}}^{+}}=\mathrm{3.73}）高于商业的单价选择性阳离子交换膜CIMS（P_{\mathrm{M}{\mathrm{g}}^{\mathrm{2}+}}^{{\mathrm{K}}^{+}}=\mathrm{5.36}）。A18C6的掺杂引入不仅提高了膜基体的致密性（孔径筛分效应）,也为K⁺在膜基体中的传输提供了新的离子传输通道（离子-偶极作用）。     

High-Qf value and temperature stable Zn2+-Mn4+ cooperated modified cordierite-based microwave and millimeter-wave dielectric ceramics

Cordierite-based dielectric ceramics with a lower dielectric constant would have significant application potential as dielectric resonator and filter materials for future ultra-low-latency 5G/6G millimeter-wave and terahertz communication. In this article, the phase structure, microstructure and microwave dielectric properties of Mg₂Al_4–2x(Mn_0.5Zn_0.5)_2xSi₅O₁₈ (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.3) ceramics are studied by crystal structure refinement, scanning electron microscope (SEM), the theory of complex chemical bonds and infrared reflectance spectrum. Meanwhile, complex double-ions coordinated substitution and two-phase complex methods were used to improve its Q×f value and adjust its temperature coefficient. The Q×f values of Mg₂Al_4–2x(Mn_0.5Zn_0.5)_2xSi₅O₁₈ single-phase ceramics are increased from 45,000 GHz@14.7 GHz (x = 0) to 150,500 GHz@14.5 GHz (x = 0.15) by replacing Al³⁺ with Zn²⁺-Mn⁴⁺. The positive frequency temperature coefficient additive TiO₂ is used to prepare the temperature stable Mg₂Al_3.7(Mn_0.5Zn_0.5)_0.3Si₅O₁₈-ywt%TiO₂ composite ceramic. The composite ceramic of Mg₂Al_3.7(Mn_0.5Zn_0.5)_0.3Si₅O₁₈-ywt%TiO₂ (8.7 wt% ≤ y ≤ 10.6 wt%) presents the near-zero frequency temperature coefficient at 1225 °C sintering temperature: ε_r = 5.68, Q×f = 58,040 GHz, τ_f = ?3.1 ppm/°C (y = 8.7 wt%) and ε_r = 5.82, Q×f = 47,020 GHz, τ_f = +2.4 ppm/°C (y = 10.6 wt%). These findings demonstrate promising application prospects for 5 G and future microwave and millimeter-wave wireless communication technologies.     

g-C3N4/Bi2MoO6复合光催化剂的制备及性能研究

结合热缩聚法和水热法制备了g-C₃N₄/Bi₂MoO₆复合光催化剂,利用X射线衍射（XRD）、傅里叶红外光谱（FT-IR）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、透射电子显微镜（TEM）、氮气吸附-脱附曲线、紫外-可见漫反射光谱（UV-Vis DRS）、光致发光光谱（PL）等分析测试技术对材料的结构和性能进行了表征,研究了材料光催化降解罗丹明B（RhB）的效果。结果表明,与纯Bi₂MoO₆相比,g-C₃N₄/Bi₂MoO₆复合材料提高了对可见光的吸收能力,减小了带隙宽度,在可见光激发下提高了降解RhB的光催化活性。其中,5% g-C₃N₄/Bi₂MoO₆复合材料对RhB的降解率最高,在可见光照射180 min对RhB的降解率为93%;而同样条件下Bi₂MoO₆对RhB的降解率为58%。重复性实验表明,复合材料在RhB光降解过程中是稳定的,具有较好的应用潜力。