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为更好地回收含油污泥(即油泥)中可用资源,国内外油泥资源化处理方法不断更新和突破,并在室内实验研究阶段取得较好的处理效果。本文从油泥的高温热处理法、常温法、低温冻融法三个方面综述了热解、微波、萃取等油泥资源化处理方法的研究进展、优缺点以及适用条件等。热解法油品回收率达95.8%,具有油泥处置彻底、油品回收质量高的特点。电动力学法处理油泥,油泥减量化达44.3%,采用浮选法,油泥减量化达95%,两种方法均具有操作简单、易实施、适合大批量处理的特点,工程化应用潜力较大。油泥来源不同,性质各异,采用单一技术难以实现大量油泥的资源化和无害化目标。多项技术联合,如热解法联合浮选法或电动力学法处理大规模油泥能提高油品回收率和质量,降低残油率和处理成本,将成为油泥资源化处理技术的发展方向。 相似文献
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Biosolids reduction model by return activated sludge ozonation was validated by simulating nitrification data compiled from our pilot-scale and the literature studies. Then, a global sensitivity analysis (GSA) was performed to identify influential and non-influential parameters for biosolids reduction efficiency, change in specific nitrification activity (SNA), and alteration to expected nitrification stability. In general, the model outputs were sensitive to operational and ozone reaction parameters, but not to biochemical parameters. For operational parameters, mainly temperature and initial solids retention time (SRT) influenced all model outputs. For biosolids reduction, increase in the degradability of the influent COD decreased the reduction efficiency. For SNA, the changes were highly dependent on the influent TKN/COD ratio. Our findings also imply that the stability of the nitrification process in ozonated systems should be enhanced at constant MLVSS for warm temperatures, but could be reduced at temperatures below 12 °C and aerated SRTs below 10 days. 相似文献
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《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2021,46(57):29529-29540
This study presents research results on electricity production from waste activated sludge using MFCs during stabilization process. Different MFC configurations equipped with various electrodes were used. Voltage measurements were continuously done during 35 days of MFC operation. Experimental results showed that bioelectricity generation was linked to volatile solids (VS) and protein reductions as a fraction of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). Double chamber MFC reactor equipped with graphite electrodes had better power and current densities as 312.98 mW/m2 and 39.07 μA/cm2 while single chamber MFC equipped with titanium electrodes revealed better power and current densities as 97.60 mW/m2 and 17.63 μA/cm2, respectively. Molecular results indicated that power outputs of MFCs effected by diverse microbial communities in anode biofilms. Although organic matter degradation is reported as 35%–55% VS reduction for digesters, this research provided a promising approach for sludge stabilization with enhanced degrading of organic matters up to 75% by using MFCs. 相似文献
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《中国有色金属学会会刊》2020,30(7):1943-1955
Physicochemical properties of arsenic sulfide sludge (ASS) from copper smelter (ASS-I) and lead−zinc smelter (ASS-II) were examined by XRD, Raman spectroscopy, SEM−EDS, TG−DTA, XPS and chemical phase analysis method. The toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP), Chinese standard leaching tests (CSLT), three-stage sequential extraction procedure (BCR) and batch leaching experiments (BLE) were used to investigate the environmental stability. The ASSs from different smelters had obviously different physicochemical and environmental properties. The phase composition and micrograph analysis indicate that ASS-I mainly consists of super refined flocculent particles including amorphous arsenic sulfide adhered with amorphous sulfur and that ASS-II mainly consists of amorphous arsenic sulfide. The valence state of arsenic in both sludges is trivalent, but the valence composition of sulfur is quite different. The ASSs have thermal instability properties. The results of TCLP and CSLT indicate that the concentrations of As and Pd in the leaching solution exceed the standard limits. More than 5% and 90% of arsenic are in the form of acid soluble and oxidizable fractions, respectively, which explains the high arsenic leaching toxicity and environmental activity of ASS. This research provides comprehensive information for the disposal of ASS from copper and lead−zinc smelter. 相似文献
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采用离子液体辅助溶剂萃取法处理胜利油田的含油污泥,回收原油,考察了不同溶剂、剂油比、温度、反应时间、离心机转速等条件对油和沥青质脱附效率的影响。结果表明:最佳的实验条件为在正庚烷+离子液体[Emim][BF4]溶剂体系中,剂油比50/3,温度50 ℃,反应时间20 min,离心机转速2 000 r/min;在此条件下,含油污泥中油的回收率高达90.5%,沥青质的回收率为83.1%;正庚烷和离子液体可以回收重复使用,正庚烷的一次和二次回收率分别为89.2%和74.2%;离子液体几乎没有损失,一次和二次回收率分别高达98.6%和95.4%;使用二次回收的正庚烷和离子液体为溶剂时油和沥青质的回收率分别达到85.1%和78.4%。在此基础上,探讨了含油污泥脱附过程的作用机理。离子液体-有机溶剂复合技术显著提高了油泥萃取的油回收率,对油泥的无害化和资源化工业生产具有重要的参考价值。 相似文献
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Harshita Gogoi V. Nirosha Anjali Jayakumar Keerthana Prabhu Meghna Maitra 《Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects》2018,40(1):39-44
In the present study, pre-treated paper mill sludge (PMS) was evaluated extensively as a substrate for production of acetone-butanol-ethanol using Clostridium sporogenes NCIM 2337. The PMS was subjected to three types of pre-treatment methods namely alkali, mechanical, and thermal treatment and was analyzed by SEM. The pre-treatment of PMS by alkali was observed to be more effective over the other pre-treatment methods. The alkali pre-treated sludge was then made to undergo fermentation, which showed the conventional process of acidogenesis followed by solventogenesis. The acetone, butanol, and ethanol concentration for 15% alkali pre-treated PMS was estimated to be maximum. 相似文献
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