葡甘聚糖改性大豆蛋白作为药物乳化剂的研究

用天然大豆蛋白和葡甘聚糖,利用羟氨反应使蛋白质分子的侧链氨基与多糖分子的末端不饱和羰基反应生成稳定的共价键,进而形成以多羟基葡甘聚糖为亲水基,大豆蛋白为疏水基的新型两亲分子。结果表明,葡甘聚糖改性大豆蛋白是良好的药用乳化剂,制成的O/W乳状液稳定性明显优于Tween-60制成的乳状液。     

食品乳化剂的安全性及JECFA评价结果

FAO/WHO食品添加剂和污染物联合专家委员会(简称JECFA)是国际食品添加剂与污染物安全评价的权威机构,对世界各国所用食品添加剂的安全性进行评价。食品乳化剂是食品工业中一类重要的使用广泛的添加剂。介绍了JECFA关于食品乳化剂的主要品种及使用情况,总结了JECFA对食品乳化剂的安全性评价意见及规定标准。     

Preparation of dibasic acid-containing soy phospholipids by chemical and enzyme-catalyzed transesterification and evaluation of their surface-active properties

The preparation of dibasic acid-containing soy phospholipid was made by transesterification reaction with alkyl ester of diabasic acid with both lipase and alkoxide as a catalyst. The extent of incorporation of a dibasic acid varied with the molecular size of the dibasic acid. The extent of incorporation in soy phospholipids was 4–13% in the case of adipic acid and 9–20% in the case of sebacic acid. The surface-active properties of these modified soy phospholipids were examined and were found to be different from those of the original (unmodified) soy phospholipid. The interfacial properties such as critical micelle concentration (CMC), γ_CMC, surface excess concentration Γ_max, and minimum area per molecule (Å), and thermodynamic parameters such as standard free energy of micellization, were found to depend on the hydrophobic part of the dibasic acids.     

反应型乳化剂的合成及其在乳液聚合中的应用

合成了2类可聚合乳化剂马来酸酐单酯硫酸钠和马来酸酐单酯磺酸钠，测定了产物的纯度和临界胶束浓度，研究了它们在苯乙烯/丙烯酸丁酯/丙烯酸三元乳液聚合中的转化率。以十二烷基硫酸钠为参照物，用可聚合乳化剂制备的乳液对电解质的稳定性有很大的提高，干胶膜的耐水性和拉伸强度得到了显著改善。     

Morphologies and dynamic mechanical properties of core‐shell emulsifier‐free latexes and their copolymers for P(BA/MMA)/P(MMA/BA) and P(BA/MMA)/PSt systems in the presence of AHPS

Different poly(methyl methacrylate/n‐butyl acrylate)/poly(n‐butyl acrylate/methyl methacrylate) [P(BA/MMA)/P(MMA/BA)] and poly(n‐butyl acrylate/methyl methacrylate)/polystyrene [P(BA/MMA)/PSt] core‐shell structured latexes were prepared by emulsifier‐free emulsion polymerization in the presence of hydrophilic monomer 3‐allyloxy‐2‐hydroxyl‐propanesulfonic salt (AHPS). The particle morphologies of the final latexes and dynamic mechanical properties of the copolymers from final latexes were investigated in detail. With the addition of AHPS, a latex of stable and high‐solid content (60 wt %) was prepared. The diameters of the latex particles are ～0.26 μm for the P(BA/MMA)/P(MMA/BA) system and 0.22–0.24 μm for the P(BA/MMA)/PSt system. All copolymers from the final latexes are two‐phase structure polymers, shown as two glass transition temperatures (T_gs) on dynamic mechanical analysis spectra. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 86: 3078–3084, 2002     

松香基吉米奇(Gemini)季铵盐的合成与应用

以天然松香、四甲基乙二胺、环氧氯丙烷为原料,制备出松香基吉米奇(Gem in i)季铵盐,成盐最佳温度80℃,酯化最佳温度140℃。产品可用于阳离子分散松香胶乳化剂、农药增效剂、阳离子沥青乳化剂。     

非均相聚合反应中乳化剂用量及搅拌状况对粒径大小的影响

以釜径为74mm，无挡板的玻璃搅拌釜为反应釜，恒温水浴为热源；自来水为冷却水组成了一套冷模的聚合反应实验装置，同时采用蜂蜡为分散相，去离子水为连续相，Span-80及Tween-60为乳化剂，以二叶平桨、二叶斜桨直边、二叶斜桨圆边及三叶后掠式搅拌桨叶为基准，分别研究了乳化剂用量及不同搅拌状况对粒径大小的影响。结果表明：在低转速下，三叶后掠式搅拌桨的搅拌效果最好；在一定范围内，同一转速下的树脂的平均粒径随乳化剂用量的增加而减小。     

沥青乳化剂的合成及乳化性能研究

采用环烷酸、乙二胺合成了咪唑啉阳离子沥青乳化剂,对合成的乳化剂性能进行了测试,研究了溶液pH值、乳化剂浓度和乳化温度对乳化效果的影响。     

用可聚合乳化剂制备氟化丙烯酸酯无皂乳液

以丙烯酸丁酯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯、甲基丙烯酸三氟乙酯为基本原料,用可聚合乳化剂,通过连续滴定方法制备氟化丙烯酸酯无皂乳液。讨论了不同乳化剂和用量以及乳液预乳化稳定性等对转化率的影响。结果表明,在相同的乳液聚合体系中,采用可聚合乳化剂制得的无皂乳液,其胶膜表面能比使用一般乳化剂体系的为低。     

环保型水性涂料的研制

以乙酸乙酯为溶剂,采用混合乳化剂,将水溶性高分子聚合物聚乙烯醇和疏水性的聚苯乙烯共混制成耐擦洗、价廉的环保型水性涂料。考察了溶剂、乳化剂、水油共混比等因素对基料乳液稳定性的影响。确定了环保型水性涂料的较佳配方。产品中不含苯、甲苯及游离甲醛,VOC含量为69g/L。