Matrix Manipulation of Directly-Synthesized PbS Quantum Dot Inks Enabled by Coordination Engineering

The direct-synthesis of conductive PbS quantum dot (QD) ink is facile, scalable, and low-cost, boosting the future commercialization of optoelectronics based on colloidal QDs. However, manipulating the QD matrix structures still is a challenge, which limits the corresponding QD solar cell performance. Here, for the first time a coordination-engineering strategy to finely adjust the matrix thickness around the QDs is presented, in which halogen salts are introduced into the reaction to convert the excessive insulating lead iodide into soluble iodoplumbate species. As a result, the obtained QD film exhibits shrunk insulating shells, leading to higher charge carrier transport and superior surface passivation compared to the control devices. A significantly improved power-conversion efficiency from 10.52% to 12.12% can be achieved after the matrix engineering. Therefore, the work shows high significance in promoting the practical application of directly synthesized PbS QD inks in large-area low-cost optoelectronic devices.     

固溶处理对TiB2/6061复合材料硬度及耐磨性的影响

采用氟盐法制备了TiB₂质量分数为3%的原位合成TiB₂/6061复合材料,研究了固溶温度和固溶时间对复合材料硬度和耐磨性能的影响。结果表明:TiB₂颗粒弥散分布在6061铝合金基体中,明显细化6061铝合金基体晶粒。当固溶温度一定时,随固溶时间延长,复合材料的硬度和耐磨性可获得明显提高,但固溶时间在6~10 h时,复合材料的性能变化不显著。当固溶时间一定时,随固溶温度升高,复合材料硬度和耐磨性呈现先上升后下降的趋势。3wt%TiB₂/6061复合材料经530 ℃×10 h固溶处理后,硬度和耐磨性能最佳,相较于铸态硬度值提高了79.5％,磨损量减少了59.1%。固溶处理后复合材料的磨损表面犁沟变细变浅,材料脱落现象减少。     

Enhanced mechanical properties of porous titanium implants via in-situ synthesized titanium carbide in lamellar pore walls

Directional lamellar porous titanium scaffolds are widely used as bone implant bearing materials because of their anisotropic pore structure. Their mechanical properties can be effectively improved by enhancing the strength of pore walls through the introduction of ceramics. In this work, porous titanium implants were prepared by freeze casting combined with TiH₂ decomposition. The graphene was introduced into the pore walls of porous titanium, which could transform into titanium carbide (TiC) in situ upon sintering. TiC was evenly distributed in the lamellar pore walls, and the interface was well bonded. The compression strength of the fabricated implants was up to 389.94 MPa when the graphene content was 3 wt%, which was 377.8% times as high as the porous titanium. The crack propagation was resisted by TiC because of the “pinning” effect on the pore wall. Some of TiC were pulled out from the matrix, and others were fractured. The strength of the fabricated implants was improved significantly by the large consumption of fracture energy. Also, fabricated porous titanium implants with TiC are suitable for bone implantation.     

室温下离子液体中间体1-(3’-磺酸基)丙基-3-甲基咪唑盐的合成

在室温条件下合成离子液体中间体1-(3’-磺酸基)丙基-3-甲基咪唑盐。反应条件为:以丙酮为溶剂,1,3-丙磺酸内酯与N-甲基咪唑(1∶1.1,摩尔比)为原料,在室温下搅拌反应4 h。过滤后,向反应母液中可直接加入等摩尔比的两种反应原料循环使用。所得产品颗粒均匀,结晶度好。一次反应的产率为57.8%,滤液循环4次的总产率可达95%。以IR、1HNMR和MS表征产品的结构。该方法在室温进行,反应母液循环利用,具有操作简单、节约能源和溶剂用量少等优点。     

HPLC法测定人工合成益母草碱有关物质

建立一种用高效液相色谱法测定合成益母草碱有关物质的方法。C18色谱柱,流动相:0.025 mol/L磷酸溶液(用三乙胺调节pH值至6.5)-甲醇(15∶85);流速0.87 mL/min;检测波长277 nm。研究显示用该HPLC方法对合成益母草碱有关物质检测具有良好的专属性,且对合成益母草碱稳定性具有良好的指示能力。     

谱分析型多频涡流检测的激励信号设计与优化

基于虚拟仪器技术,设计了一种用于谱分析的多频涡流检测系统,重点对其激励信号的设计和优化问题进行了研究。激励信号通过软件方式进行合成,包括同步加法合成激励和调制频率合成激励。在同步加法合成激励方式中,对各频率分量的初始相位进行优化,降低峰值因数。在调制频率合成激励方式中,选择Tukey窗函数,可有效抑制检测信号频谱中的纹波。     

激光制备原位自生NbC-VC颗粒增强镍基熔覆层

采用预涂粉末激光熔覆技术,在A3钢表面制备出原位自生NbC-VC颗粒增强的镍基复合涂层。使用扫描电镜、电子能谱、和X射线衍射仪对熔覆层的显微组织和物相构成进行了分析,并对熔覆层进行了硬度、摩擦性能测试。结果表明,原位生成NbC-VC颗粒增强镍基复合涂层与基材呈现良好的冶金结合,熔覆层底部组织为定向生长的γ（NiFe）树...     

原位合成Al3Ti增强轻金属基复合材料的研究现状

综述了原位合成Al3Ti/Al和Al3Ti/Mg基复合材料的研究现状。重点介绍了原位合成Al3Ti的反应体系、复合材料的制备方法及微观组织特点,指出了原位合成Al3Ti/Al和Al3Ti/Mg基复合材料在目前研究中所存在的主要问题及今后的研究方向。     

硫酸盐还原菌制备纳米硫化镉的研究

应用硫酸盐还原菌成功制备了纳米硫化镉材料。研究了硫酸盐还原菌制备CdS的优化条件,并借助XRD、SEM、EDS表征了制备材料的结构、形貌和物相。研究表明,培养液pH值=7、培养温度35℃、菌液接种量为20%的条件下有利于CdS的生成。制备的纳米CdS为球形微粒,平均粒径大小约为10nm,纯度高,无杂质。该方法具有较高的研究前景。     

不同产地坡缕石粘土对高吸水树脂吸水性能的影响

以玉米秸秆,丙烯酸,不同产地坡缕石粘土为原料合成复合高吸水树脂MS-g-PAA/PGS。通过红外光谱,X射线衍射,扫描电镜和热重分析来研究坡缕石粘土的结构和形态。通过红外光谱和扫描电镜对复合高吸水树脂形貌及结构进行了表征。研究了各地坡缕石粘土形态,结构及组成对高吸水树脂吸水保水性能的影响.结果显示添加靖远坡缕石粘土的复合高吸水树脂有着最佳吸水保水性能。