超高效液相色谱串联质谱法测定烟草中的噁霉灵残留

为降低烟草中噁霉灵检测中的基质干扰，提高检测灵敏度和和稳定性，通过试验建立了以QuEChERS为样品前处理方法、液相色谱串联质谱仪为检测仪器的烟草中噁霉灵残留检测方法。样品加水浸润后，经丙酮提取、盐析试剂包除水、石墨化炭黑除杂后，采用Agilent ZORBAX 300SB-C8液相色谱柱（2.1 mm×100 mm，1.8 μm）分离，甲醇-水程序洗脱，ESI雾化，串联质谱MRM检测。结果发现，该方法在0.0025~0.0500 mg/L范围内线性良好，决定系数r²=0.9996，定量检测限1.06 μg/L，回收率在90.8%~92.0%之间，相对标准偏差为5.1%。运用该方法测定烟草中的噁霉灵，操作简单，检测精度高，满足CORESTA对烟草农残检测的要求。     

Phytoextraction technologies for mercury- and chromium-contaminated soil: a review

Mercury and chromium represent two important elements of environmental concern and with a strong impact on human health. Several technologies are available to clean up the environment from these kinds of contaminants, but most of them are costly and difficult to use to get optimum results. Currently, phytoextraction is an effective and affordable technological solution used to extract or remove metals from contaminated soil and water by the use of plants as tools. This technology is environment-friendly and potentially cost-effective. This paper aims to compile some information about the two metals mercury and chromium, their effects and their possible treatment by phytoextraction, a branch of phytoremediation technologies aimed to confront metal/metalloid pollution. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry     

设备自诊断系统与数采管控体系论述

近年来,行业提出将信息化与产业的融合创新放在行业高质量发展的重要位置,提出由“制造”向“智造”转变。当前针对烟机设备的主要信息化手段多集中在设备状态监控、故障频次排序、设备故障原因等功能上的整合,主要是对烟机设备上原有各项数据进行后续的数据处理来实现。但是单纯依赖数据处理的方法无法及时有效地甄别出设备本体及工艺质量参数的异常。提出利用自诊断系统与数采管控体系弥补设备本体管控系统的短板,提升自动化生产的综合管控能力,并提出大数据应用方面的设想。     

烟用香精香料中奎尼酸的测定

建立以高效液相色谱测定烟用香精香料中奎尼酸含量的方法。以质量分数50%的乙醇为萃取剂,样品经振荡提取后,采用C18色谱柱分离和二极管阵列检测器测定。结果表明,奎尼酸在1.0～250.0 mg/L范围内线性关系良好,相关系数为0.999,检出限为3.12μg/g,加标回收率为92.6%～105.1%,相对标准偏差（RSD）〈5%（n=5）。所建立的方法具有灵敏度高、准确性好、操作简便等优点,适合于烟用香精香料中奎尼酸的批量测定。     

烟草味电子烟油中挥发性成分分析

采用二氯甲烷对3家公司的5种电子烟油样品进行萃取,并用气-质联用（GC-MS）法鉴定。通过对NIST 11谱库的检索,对5种样品中挥发性成分进行了比较分析。结果表明5种样品中的挥发性成分差别较大,共鉴定出40种挥发性成分,依据作用或来源分为雾化剂、烟叶提取物和薄荷提取物三类。其中相对含量水平较高且在5种样品中都检出的成分是丙二醇、烟碱和甘油。3家公司的5种烟草味电子烟油在抽吸品质上有所差异,C公司样品在抽吸感官感受上相较其他两家公司样品具有明显优势,其中样品C1又略好于C2。比较发现,C公司电子烟油的挥发性成分中含特有的8种多甘醇类化合物,可能是这些物质的协同作用而改善了抽吸品质。     

土壤调理剂及复合微生物菌剂防治烟草青枯病盆栽试验

通过盆栽试验研究了土壤调理剂及复合微生物菌剂对防治烟草青枯病的效果,并与PPF促生真菌试验效果进行了对比。试验结果表明,复合微生物菌剂和土壤调理剂对烟草青枯病均有较好的防治效果,其中复合微生物菌剂在促进烟株生长和防治烟草青枯病方面表现更好。     

烟草保润剂分析方法研究进展

综述了烟草保润剂的分析方法,简述了保润剂的作用与应用现状。     

北柴胡茎叶低温挥发性成分的气质联用分析

目的:顶空加热提取北柴胡茎叶的低温挥发性成分,建立其GC-MS快速分析方法,实现老药工采药感官经验的客观阐明。方法:选择北柴胡的茎叶,顶空提取结合气相色谱-质谱分析,确定低温挥发性成分的结构和相对含量。结果:顶空加热提取结合GC-MS分析,鉴定柴胡茎叶中24个挥发性化学成分。结论:顶空提取与GC-MS联用可以快速建立柴胡茎叶的低温易挥发性成分表征体系,初步实现了老药工采药经验"气味"的物质基础的阐明。     

Assessment of environmental tobacco smoke exposure: urinary cotinine concentrations in children are strongly associated with the house dust concentrations of nicotine at home

In the present study the possibility of using nicotine in house dust as an index of environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure was evaluated in an environmental investigation of 23 children with asthma. A standardized procedure for house dust sampling of nicotine with a filter holder connected to a vacuum cleaner, for a defined time and area was developed (F-nicotine). Also, house dust sampling was carried out from the vacuum cleaner bags of the homes (VC-nicotine). There was a larger variation in VC-nicotine (13-655, median 66 microg/g) compared with F-nicotine (15-393 median 156 microg/g). There were statistically significant associations between an inquiry data based ETS exposure index on the one hand, and urinary cotinine concentrations in children (U-cotinine), F-nicotine and VC-nicotine of their homes, on the other. The strong correlation between U-cotinine and F-nicotine (rs = 0.93; P < 0.0001) indicates that the new standardized house dust sampling method should be useful in ETS exposure assessment. However, further validation by a larger sample size with repeated measurements in the same homes is needed.     

不同产地烟草精油的提取及化学组成分析

选取四川、贵州和福建三地烟草为原料,用水中蒸馏法提取烟草精油。采用气相色谱-质谱联用(GC-MS)仪对不同产地烟草精油的组成及含量进行分析,比较了不同产地对产物产率及组成的影响。研究结果表明:产自福建、四川和贵州的烟草平均得率分别为0.1391%、0.0851%和0.1075%,相应的新植二烯分别为39.86%、36.12%和44.88%。对比分析显示:产自福建的烟草得油率最高,特征香气适中;产自贵州的烟草精油得油率适中,烟草香气突出,有明显甘草香气;产自四川的烟草精油得油率较低,香气较弱。