Compound fault-tolerant attitude control for hypersonic vehicle with reaction control systems in reentry phase

In this paper, a novel compound fault-tolerant attitude control (FTC) scheme is proposed for reentry hypersonic vehicles with aerodynamic surfaces and reaction control systems (RCS) in the presence of parameter uncertainties, external disturbances and aerodynamic surfaces faults. Aerodynamic surfaces work as the primary actuators and RCS serve as auxiliary actuators. When aerodynamic surfaces cannot provide the required attitude control torque due to low dynamic pressure or faults, RCS are activated to assist aerodynamic surfaces to generate the residual torque. A nonlinear disturbance observer-based sliding mode controller is designed to calculate the required attitude control torque which can handle the parametric uncertainties and external disturbances together. The quadratic programming method is applied to obtain the optimal aerodynamic surfaces deflections from the required control torque. An innovative fuzzy rule-based decision-making system is design to solve the RCS control allocation problem, which is conceptually easy to understand and computationally efficiently compared with existing approaches. Based on quantized control theory, the closed-loop control system stability is rigorously analyzed. Simulation results are given to demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of developed FTC scheme.     

电大复杂目标RCS缩比模型验证

为验证电大复杂目标RCS缩比模型的可靠性和有效性,依据电磁场理论推导得到了缩比模型和实际目标场分布相同的约束条件.对形状相同规格不同的标准体分别采用暗室测量和软件(FEKO、HFSS)仿真的方法进行了验证,并通过FEKO和HFSS仿真分析了某型飞机的RCS和缩比模型的RCS,很好地解决了大型或超大型复杂目标RCS难得到或无法得到的问题.     

基于ISAR技术的太赫兹目标RCS测量

对目标RCS的研究主要包括电磁计算与基于成像的测量方法.由于受到计算机内存与运行时间的限制,电磁计算方法难以在太赫兹波段得到广泛应用.在基于图像的测量中常使用逆合成孔径雷达成像技术.后向散射算法(BP)常用于目标的反射图的重建.由于BP算法不能在图像中反映太赫兹波段目标显著的角闪烁现象,因此,使用子孔径成像技术对太赫兹目标RCS进行测量,并进行了仿真验证所提出算法的有效性.     

一个紧凑的梯形领结无芯RFID标签的设计

提出了一种紧凑、低成本、可完全印制的缝隙加载领结型无芯射频识别标签的设计。标签由2个梯形金属贴片组成,2组谐振频率邻近的缝隙谐振器分别加载在2个贴片上。在不增加缝隙间相互耦合的前提下,标签在超宽带频段内容纳的数据位数提高了1倍,在35mm×33mm的合理尺寸内,12个缝隙谐振器对应12位数据。仿真给出了标签的雷达散射截面积曲线,实测是在双站天线配置下进行,在频域内测出了传输系数s21。实测和仿真结果一致,验证了本设计的合理性。该标签具有高数据位数和低成本,因其只需1个导电层,所以能被直接印刷在ID卡甚至纸张上。     

时域平面近场散射测量研究

时域平面近场散射测量是一种在近场区域进行散射测量的技术,可以有效地进行宽带的散射测量,具有超宽带测试、可以获得时域散射场、空间利用率高等特点,针对时域平面近场散射测量技术体系,在时域近场测量的理论基础上,提出了系统组建方案,论证了系统的可行性,开展了针对典型目标的验证测试,并对测量结果进行了初步的误差分析.证明了时域平面近场散射测量的有效性.     

Guidelines and recommendations for indoor use of fuel cells and hydrogen systems

Hydrogen energy applications often require that systems are used indoors (e.g., industrial trucks for materials handling in a warehouse facility, fuel cells located in a room, or hydrogen stored and distributed from a gas cabinet). It may also be necessary or desirable to locate some hydrogen system components/equipment inside indoor or outdoor enclosures for security or safety reasons, to isolate them from the end-user and the public, or from weather conditions.Using of hydrogen in confined environments requires detailed assessments of hazards and associated risks, including potential risk prevention and mitigation features. The release of hydrogen can potentially lead to the accumulation of hydrogen and the formation of a flammable hydrogen-air mixture, or can result in jet-fires. Within Hyindoor European Project, carried out for the EU Fuel Cells and Hydrogen Joint Undertaking safety design guidelines and engineering tools have been developed to prevent and mitigate hazardous consequences of hydrogen release in confined environments. Three main areas are considered: Hydrogen release conditions and accumulation, vented deflagrations, jet fires and including under-ventilated flame regimes (e.g., extinguishment or oscillating flames and steady burns). Potential RCS recommendations are also identified.     

Zero reflection from metamaterial sphere

In this study spherical structure is considered and analyzed with full wave method. The plane wave radiates to the structure and the zero reflection condition is deduced as a closed formula. Two theorems and ideas are proofed mathematically, and finally some examples are presented for validating these theorems. Theorems indicate if the double negative metamaterial sphere (DNG) with an arbitrary radius and parameters (Re(ɛ₂) < 0, Re(μ₂) < 0) situate within conventional space with parameters (ɛ₁, μ₁), and ɛ₂/ɛ₁ = μ₂/μ₁ then backscattering radar cross section (RCS) of this metamaterial sphere equals zero whiles the same situation with cylindrical structure has noticeable backscattering. In addition, the bistatic radar cross section of this metamaterial sphere is constant by changing the angle φ. Both theorems are generalized to spherical multilayer structure.     

钢梁-钢筋混凝土柱梁柱节点的设计模型

通过分析钢筋混凝土柱-钢梁(RCS)梁柱节点试验和有限元分析结果,对P-M模型进行了修正,提出内混凝土考虑承压变形和剪切变形的节点设计模型.该模型认为RCS节点变形是三维空间变形,应将内混凝土、外混凝土分开,分别按处于平面应变状态来处理,内混凝土变形大于外混凝土变形,除了剪切变形之外,内混凝上还有很大承压变形.基于设计...     

基于有限元建模的高频地波雷达船只目标RCS计算

雷达目标散射截面是衡量目标散射特性的重要参数,特别是处于地波雷达谐振区的船只后向散射特征,在雷达威力估计、舰船目标检测、类型识别等方面非常有用。为了有效预估高频地波雷达海面船只目标的散射特性,提出一种基于有限元建模的高频地波雷达谐振区舰船目标RCS计算方法。该方法首先利用3D-MAX对典型船只进行建模,然后利用有限元方法对船只模型进行网格剖分,最后计算出谐振区舰船目标RCS值。通过对仿真结果的分析表明,谐振区目标RCS受雷达频率、方位角等因素影响明显。     

基于LabVIEW的标签差分雷达截面分析与测量

差分雷达截面(ARCS)是描述无源超高频射频识别(UHF RFID)标签性能的重要参数,它决定标签到阅读器的反向链路误码率.但是,没有直接测量ARCS的方法,需要采取间接方式进行测量.基于NI的射频板卡,开发了标签反射矢量信号分析软件,给出△RCS的测量方法,并对贴附物材料及发送功率对ARCS的影响进行了分析和测量.