Correction to: Two New Co(II) Complexes of Picolinate: Synthesis,Crystal Structure,Spectral Characterization, α-Glucosidase İnhibition and TD/DFT Study

Journal of Inorganic and Organometallic Polymers and Materials -     

The Effect of Size and Shape of Austenite Grains on the Mechanical Properties of a Low‐Alloyed TRIP Steel

The effects of size and shape of austenite grains on the extraordinary hardening of steels with transformation induced plasticity (TRIP) have been studied. The deformation and transformation of austenite was followed by interrupted ex situ bending tests using electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) in a scanning electron microscope (SEM). A finite element model (FEM) was used to relate the EBSD based results obtained in the bending experiments to the hardening behavior obtained from tensile experiments. The results are interpreted using a simple rule of mixture for stress partitioning and a short fiber reinforced composite model. It is found that both, the martensite transformation rate and the flow stress difference between austenite and martensite significantly influence the hardening rate. At the initial stage of deformation mainly larger grains deform, however, they do not reach the same strain level as the smaller grains because they transform into martensite at an early stage of deformation. A composite model was used to investigate the effect of grain shape on load partitioning. The results of the composite model show that higher stresses develop in more elongated grains. These grains tend to transform earlier as it is confirmed by the EBSD observations.     

An optimum feature extraction method for texture classification

Texture can be defined as a local statistical pattern of texture primitives in observer’s domain of interest. Texture classification aims to assign texture labels to unknown textures, according to training samples and classification rules. In this paper a novel method, which is an intelligent system for texture classification is introduced. It used a combination of genetic algorithm, discrete wavelet transform and neural network for optimum feature extraction from texture images. An algorithm called the intelligent system, which processes the pattern recognition approximation, is developed. We tested the proposed method with several texture images. The overall success rate is about 95%.     

Optimal H∞ general distance problem with degree constraint

In this paper the optimal H_∞, general distance problem, for continuous-time systems, with a prescribed degree on the solution is studied. The approach is based on designing the Hankel singular values using an imbedding idea. The problem is first imbedded into another problem with desirable characteristics on the Hankel singular values, then the solution to the original problem is retracted via a compression. The result is applicable to both the one-block and the four-block problems. A special case is given for illustration.     

Design and implementation of a new contactless triple piezoelectrics wind energy harvester

The features of the new designed and constructed harvester are examined. The harvested power of three piezoelectric layers having different masses (i.e. different natural frequencies) has been explored. These layers have the same length around the harvester body, whereas a permanent magnet (PM) attached to the shaft rotates by low speed wind and this PM repels these three piezoelectric layers with a 120° phase shift. Since PM and the PMs located to the tip of the layers do not contact, this system improves the lifetime of the harvester. The measured harvested power in the low wind speeds (i.e. 1.75 m/s) is of the order of 0.2 μW. The waveform includes many subharmonic and superharmonic components, hence the total harmonic distortion (THD) is found around 130%, which is fairly high due to nonlinear effects. Although the system shows an high THD, the 20% of the signal can be rectified and stored in the capacitor for the use of harvested energy. A scenario has also been created for a resistive load of R_L = 1 MΩ and 100 kΩ for various wind speeds and it has been proven that the harvester can feed the load at even lower wind speeds. In addition, extra power beyond the usage of the load can be stored into the capacitor. The proposed harvester and its rectifying unit can be a good solution for the energy conversion procedures of low-power required machines.     

Surface change of root canal dentin after the use of irrigation activation protocols: Electron microscopy and an energy‐dispersive X‐ray microanalysis

This study evaluated the mineral contents of root‐canal dentin after treatment with different irrigation activation protocols. One hundred and eight maxillary lateral incisor teeth were randomly divided into eight experimental groups and one control group. Root canals were prepared using ProTaper rotary files, with the exception of the Self‐Adjusting File (SAF) group. Canals were irrigated with 2 mL of 5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) at each instrument change, and received a final flush with 10 mL of 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and 10 mL of 5% NaOCl for 1 min. The control group was irrigated with distilled water. Group I (GI): Needle syringe irrigation; Group II (GII): NaviTip FX; Group III (GIII): CanalBrush; Group IV (GIV): Manual dynamic activation with gutta‐percha; Group V (GV): Passive ultrasonic irrigation; Group VI (GVI): EndoActivator; Group VII (GVII): EndoVac; Group VIII (GVIII): SAF. The level of elemental composition was analyzed by a scanning electron microscopy and an energy‐dispersive spectrometer (EDS) system. The results were then statistically analyzed by one‐way ANOVA and Tukey tests. Ca/P ratio was changed after treatment with SAF and EndoActivator. The Ca, P, Mg, and S level changes were not statistically significant (P > 0.05). Final irrigation activation protocols did not alter the mineral level of root dentin surface. Microsc. Res. Tech. 76:893–896, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Quantum chemical computational studies on bis-thiourea zinc acetate

In this study, quantum chemical calculations of vibrational spectra, Raman spectra, electronic properties (total energy, dipole moment, electronegativity, chemical hardness and softness), Mulliken atomic charges and thermodynamic parameters of bis-thiourea zinc acetate (BTZA) have been performed using Gaussian 09 program. Additionally, nonlinear optical (NLO), conformational, natural bond orbital (NBO) analyses of BTZA have been carried out using the same program. The structural and spectroscopic data of the molecule in the ground state have been calculated using Hartree-Fock (HF) and density functional method (DFT/B3LYP) with the 6-311++G(d,p) basis set. In addition, the molecular frontier orbital energies (HOMO, HOMO-1, LUMO and LUMO+1) of the title compound have been calculated at the HF and B3LYP levels. The calculated HOMO and LUMO energies show that charge transfer occurs within the molecule. Finally, the calculated results were applied to simulate infrared and Raman spectra of the title compound which showed good agreement with the experimental ones.     

Biosensing by Densely Packed and Optically Coupled Plasmonic Particle Arrays

Densely packed plasmonic particle arrays are investigated for biosensing applications. Such particle arrays exhibit interparticle optical coupling creating a strong field between the particles, which is useful for sensing purposes. The sensor properties, such as bulk sensitivity, layer sensitivity, and the depth of sensitivity are investigated with the aid of a multiple multipole program. Sensitivity to the analyte with low concentration is also examined by a dynamic adsorption processes. The detectable concentration limit of streptavidin within 3000 s in the detection system is expected from the signal‐to‐noise to be less than 150 pM .     

Design and Implementation of Fuel Cell and Photovoltaic Panel-Supported Ozonation System

It is normal for a produced agricultural product or food to be transported to distances far from where it is produced. However, it is important to keep the product fresh in this transportation. There are many methods used to extend the life of the food during transport. The chemical method is the most used. However, the chemical method is harmful to human health. One of the methods used for storing, preserving and transporting agricultural products is ozonation and air conditioning. In this study, a system was designed to extend the life of the product in the storage and transport of food products. With the developed system, temperature, relative humidity and ozone were produced and their amounts were controlled according to the type of product being carried. In the design, polymer exchange membrane fuel cell was used for the required oxygen. The energy requirement of the system was provided by a photovoltaic panel to get rid of the generator dependency on supplied electrical power. The applicability of the system to refrigerated vehicles, especially those used in food transportation, was examined.