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排序方式: 共有85条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
In recent years because of substantial use of wireless sensor network the distributed estimation has attracted the attention of many researchers. Two popular learning algorithms: incremental least mean square (ILMS) and diffusion least mean square (DLMS) have been reported for distributed estimation using the data collected from sensor nodes. But these algorithms, being derivative based, have a tendency of providing local minima solution particularly for minimization of multimodal cost function. Hence for problems like distributed parameters estimation of IIR systems, alternative distributed algorithms are required to be developed. Keeping this in view the present paper proposes two population based incremental particle swarm optimization (IPSO) algorithms for estimation of parameters of noisy IIR systems. But the proposed IPSO algorithms provide poor performance when the measured data is contaminated with outliers in the training samples. To alleviate this problem the paper has proposed a robust distributed algorithm (RDIPSO) for IIR system identification task. The simulation results of benchmark IIR systems demonstrate that the proposed algorithms provide excellent identification performance in all cases even when the training samples are contaminated with outliers. 相似文献
2.
Silicon - This paper presents, analytical modeling of surface potential,threshold voltage and DIBL for a Dual-Metal Double-Gate Gate-All-Around (DM-DG-GAA) MOSFET considering the parabolic... 相似文献
3.
4.
Fei Zeng Sean R. Agnew Babak Raeisinia Ganapati R. Myneni 《Journal of Nondestructive Evaluation》2010,29(2):93-103
Experimental confirmation of various grain scattering theories exist but there are still outstanding questions concerning
the characterization of microstructure using ultrasound. In this study, high purity niobium serves as a model material devoid
of extrinsic scattering centers (e.g., voids, precipitates, second phase particles etc.) A range of microstructures were obtained
by annealing in ultrahigh vacuum at different temperatures (600–800°C) after routine cold-rolling and recrystallization heat
treatment. Ultrasonic attenuation is measured as a function of a frequency for each sample. For the samples with an intermediate
grain size (typically ∼50 μm), attenuation follows a power law dependence on frequency with an exponent of n∼1.6, which is close to the prediction, n=2, of classical Stochastic scattering theory. However, quantitative comparison shows that the observed attenuation is higher
than predicted by the classical theory. The Stanke-Kino unified grain scattering theory may provide an explanation for the
lower frequency dependence than traditional theories predict, though it still under predicts the magnitude of the attenuation.
In any event, the resulting empirical relations provide a useful approach for practical grain size measurement with an acceptable
level of uncertainty. The effect of a layered microstructure typical of some sheets/plates is discussed. 相似文献
5.
Ganapati D. Yadav Shashikant B. Kamble 《Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy》2009,11(4):447-457
Alkylation of aromatics catalyzed by solid acids constitutes a class of reactions of both academic and industrial importance.
Among alkylation reactions, isopropylation of aromatic compounds has attracted considerable attention. Use of propylene as
alkylating agent at very high temperatures leads to coke formation which results in deactivation of the catalyst. The use
of isopropanol (IPA) as an alkylating agent is attractive when propylene is not readily available. In situ dehydration of
IPA leads to prolonged activity since water of reaction suppresses coke formation. Further, IPA dehydration also generates
diisopropyl ether which itself is an excellent alkylating agent. Alkylation of mesitylene with propylene or IPA results in
the formation of 2-isopropyl-mesitylene (2-IPMT), which is almost extensively used as a precursor in a number of industrial
chemicals. This work covers the evaluation of clay-supported heteropolyacids and sulfated zirconia. A variety of solid acid
catalysts such as K-10 clay, sulfated zirconia, Filtrol-24, 20% w/w dodecatungstophosphoric acid (H3PW12O40, DTP) supported on K-10 montmorillonite clay and 20% w/w cesium substituted dodecatungstophosphoric acid (Cs2.5H0.5PW12O40, Cs-DTP) supported on K-10 montmorillonite clay were investigated for the liquid phase isopropylation of mesitylene to 2-IPMT
using IPA at much milder conditions vis-à-vis other catalysts reported so far. 20% w/w Cs-DTP/K-10 clay was found to be the
best catalyst which gives 98% conversion of limiting component, IPA and 98% selectivity towards the desired product, 2-IPMT
after 2 h of total reaction time. This catalyst could be reused without any further chemical treatment, eliminating the effluent
disposal problems. The reaction was carried out without using any solvent and the process subscribes to the principles of
green chemistry. The catalytic activity is in the following order: 20% w/w Cs-DTP/K-10 clay (most active) > 20% w/w DTP/K-10
clay > Filtrol-24 > Sulfated zirconia > K-10 clay (least active). The effect of various operating parameters and catalyst
reusability were also systematically investigated. A mathematical model was proposed to probe into the intricate reaction
kinetics and mechanism consistent with the experimental results. The reaction is free from any external mass transfer as well
as intraparticle diffusion limitations and is intrinsically kinetically controlled. An overall second order kinetic equation
was used to fit the experimental data, under the assumption that all the species are weakly adsorbed on the catalytic sites. 相似文献
6.
Solid acids are more widely used as heterogeneous catalysts, because they are eco‐friendly. This paper reports the results for the Friedel‐Crafts alkylation of p‐cresol with cyclohexene using solid acids sulfated zirconia, 20% w/w dodecatungstophosphoric acid (DTP) supported on K10 clay and ZnCl2/K10 (Clayzic). This reaction gave substantial amount of 1‐cyclohexyloxy‐4‐methyl benzene (O‐alkylated product) and 4‐cyclo‐hexyl‐4‐methyl phenol (C‐alkylated product). Both products are of commercial importance as perfume and insecticide respectively. Sulfated zirconia catalyst was shown to be better than others studied in terms of activity and selectivity to the O‐alkylated product. The kinetics were studied with sulfated zirconia as catalyst where the rate determining step was the surface reaction between chemisorbed cyclohexene and p‐cresol from the liquid phase within pores according to the Eley‐Rideal mechanism. The production of O‐alkylated p‐cresol is favoured at lower temperatures and C‐alkylated product at higher temperatures. The best operating temperature is 353 K. The activation energies for O‐ and C‐alkylation are 72.68 and 118.28 kj/mol, respectively. 相似文献
7.
Satyasai Jagannath Nanda Ganapati Panda 《Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence》2013,26(5-6):1429-1441
Multi-objective clustering algorithms are preferred over its conventional single objective counterparts as they incorporate additional knowledge on properties of data in the from of objectives to extract the underlying clusters present in many datasets. Researchers have recently proposed some standardized multi-objective evolutionary clustering algorithms based on genetic operations, particle swarm optimization, clonal selection principles, differential evolution and simulated annealing, etc. In many cases it is observed that hybrid evolutionary algorithms provide improved performance compared to that of individual algorithm. In this paper an automatic clustering algorithm MOIMPSO (Multi-objective Immunized Particle Swarm Optimization) is proposed, which is based on a recently developed hybrid evolutionary algorithm Immunized PSO. The proposed algorithm provides suitable Pareto optimal archive for unsupervised problems by automatically evolving the cluster centers and simultaneously optimizing two objective functions. In addition the algorithm provides a single best solution from the Pareto optimal archive which mostly satisfy the users' requirement. Rigorous simulation studies on 11 benchmark datasets demonstrate the superior performance of the proposed algorithm compared to that of the standardized automatic clustering algorithms such as MOCK, MOPSO and MOCLONAL. An interesting application of the proposed algorithm has also been demonstrated to classify the normal and aggressive actions of 3D human models. 相似文献
8.
9.
DH Shah RR Vartak SS Naik SR Dandekar R Ganapati 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1994,62(4):539-546
Children residing in a low-endemic region (LER), a high-endemic region (HER), and a leprosy colony contact population (CP) were evaluated for lepromin response as well as reactivity to the Mycobacterium leprae-specific synthetic antigen, ND-BSA. The mean reactivity to ND-BSA in the LER group (OD 0.03 +/- 0.03, N = 71) was significantly lower (p < 0.001) than that in the contact population (OD 0.14 +/- 0.09, N = 140) as well as the population residing in the HER (OD 0.09 +/- 0.08, N = 1340). ELISA-positive results were the highest (21.4%) with the CP group and lowest (0.0%) in the LER group, suggesting that it was a measure of the extent of exposure of M. leprae. In the contact population, females showed a preponderance for ELISA positivity over males (p < 0.005), a finding not observed with the HER population. The Mitsuda responses showed a Gaussian-type distribution in all of the three populations examined with the mean response being highest in the LER (6.0 mm +/- 2.9) and lowest in the HER (4.5 mm +/- 2.0) groups. The percent positivity for the Mitsuda reaction was found to be highest in the LER (93.0%) and lowest in the HER (88.3%) groups. The Mitsuda response thus appears to be independent of M. leprae exposure, and its interpretation in a given population needs consideration of several factors, such as nutritional, environmental, etc.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) 相似文献
10.
Cost-effective valorization of carbon dioxide into bulk and specialty chemicals using catalysis will be attractive in the foreseeable future. 1,3-Oxazolidin-2-one derivatives are one of the important classes of heterocyclic compounds which have wide applications in pharmaceutical industries due to their biological activities such as antibacterial, antimicrobial, antiseptic. Various synthetic routes are employed to prepare these compounds which include phosgenation, oxidative carbonylation, etc., which make use of polluting chemicals and homogeneous catalysts. The heterogeneous catalytic processes to synthesize these derivatives are quite limited. Thus, developing a green route which is environmental friendly is highly desirable. The current work deals with development of a heterogeneous reusable catalyst and its application to synthesize 1,3-oxazolidin-2-one derivatives using carbon dioxide as a C1 source. The fact that no use of promoter or organic co-catalyst is made in the current process makes the synthesis route more favorable. Pure La–MgO and K–La–MgO with different K loading (1, 3, 5, and 7 wt%) synthesized by combustion route were screened for carbonylation of diethanol amine. 5% K–La–MgO was found to be the best catalyst. The catalyst was well characterized in virgin form and after use by various analytical techniques like TEM, SEM, XRD, CO2 and NH3-TPD, BET surface area analysis. With 5% K–La/MgO, 72% conversion of diethanol amine was achieved with 100% selectivity of the desired product at optimum conditions, i.e., 150 °C, 5 wt% K–La/MgO catalyst loading of 0.02 g/cm3 and 2.0 MPa CO2 pressure. Reaction mechanism was proposed and kinetic model developed. The apparent activation energy was calculated as 18.76 kcal/mol. The catalyst was robust and recyclable. The process is clean and green. 相似文献