Preparation of lung targeting microspheres of gelatin ceftiofur alkali

Gelatin ceftiofur alkali microsphere was prepared to observe its characteristics and evaluate preservation conditions. The glutaraldehyde was increased and the carboxylic methyl chitosan was added to improve the microsphere. The experimental results show microspheres have a better morphology surface and fairly regular structure with 4% glutaraldehyde. The average particle size is 15.84 μm and particle size distribution is narrow which shows a good uniformity. Microsphere size was affected by the stirrer speed, dosing ratio and curing degree. The greater drug loaded is, the better microspheres loading is; but with the increase of drug loading rate, the entrapment efficiency increases first and then decreases. The drug release rate of the microsphere is 24.90% in 0.5 h and 84.90% in 48 h, when CMC-GMs with 4% curing agent is 32.03% in 0.5 h and 88.44% in 48 h. So Gms embedding of ceftiofur alkali are better than CMC-GM. The stability tests show that strong light, high temperature, high humidity have a great influence on the microspheres.     

结合全局与局部信息活动轮廓的非同质图像分割

目的 通过对现有基于区域的活动轮廓模型能量泛函的Euler-Lagrange方程进行变形,建立其与K-means方法的等价关系,提出一种新的基于K-means活动轮廓模型,该模型能有效分割灰度非同质图像。方法 结合图像全局和局部信息,根据交互熵的特性,提出新的局部自适应权重,它根据像素点所在邻域的局部统计信息自适应地确定各个像素点的分割阈值,排除灰度非同质分割目标的影响。结果 采用Jaccard相似系数-JS(Jaccard similarity)和Dice相似系数-DSC(Dice similarity coefficient)两个指标对自然以及合成图像的分割结果进行定量分析,与传统及最新经典的活动轮廓模型相比,新模型JS和DSC的值最接近1,且迭代次数不多于50次。提出的模型具有较高的计算效率和准确率。结论 通过大量实验发现,新模型结合图像全局和局部信息,利用交互熵特性得到自适应权重,对初始曲线位置具有稳定性,且对灰度非同质图像具有较好地分割效果。本文算法主要适用于分割含有噪声及灰度非同质的医学图像,而且分割结果对初始轮廓具有鲁棒性。     

固相萃取-高效液相色谱法测定禽类可食性组织和蛋中氨丙啉残留

该文建立了固相萃取-高效液相色谱法检测鸡、鸭、鹅的可食性组织（肌肉、肝脏、肾脏、脂肪）和蛋中氨丙啉残留的分析方法。样品中的氨丙啉经三氯乙酸-乙腈溶液提取,固相萃取柱净化。色谱柱为亲水性C18色谱柱,使用甲醇-乙腈-6 mmol/L 1-庚烷磺酸钠溶液为流动相进行等度洗脱,检测波长为268 nm。氨丙啉在0.1~10 μg/mL呈良好的线性关系,r2为0.999。该方法对鸡、鸭、鹅的肌肉中氨丙啉的检出限为150 μg/kg,定量限为250 μg/kg;鸡、鸭、鹅的肝脏、肾脏、脂肪、蛋中氨丙啉的检出限为250 μg/kg,定量限为500 μg/kg。这些空白组织中添加水平分别为定量限0.5倍、1倍、2倍最大残留限量时,各组织中氨丙啉的平均回收率在74.65%~96.24%之间,其日内和日间相对标准偏差分别小于15%。该方法准确度和精密度高,适用于禽类可食性组织和蛋中氨丙啉残留的检测,为日常工作中食品质量控制提供了一种可行的方法。     

图像局部交互熵分割模型的两步快速优化

目的 针对LCK（local correntropy-based K-means）模型收敛速度慢,提出新的基于LCK模型的两步快速分割模型。方法 两步快速分割模型包括粗分割和细分割。1）粗分割：先将待分割的原始图像下采样,减少数据量;然后使用LCK模型对采样后的粗尺度图像进行分割,得到粗分割结果及其相应的粗水平集函数。由于数据量的减少,粗分割步骤可以快速得到近似分割结果。2）细分割：在水平集函数光滑性约束下,将粗分割结果及其对应的粗水平集函数上采样到原始图像的尺度,然后将上采样后的粗水平集函数作为细分割的初始值,利用LCK模型对原始图像进行精细分割。因初始值与真实目标边界很接近,所以只需很少迭代次数就能得到最终分割结果。结果 采用F-score评价方法分析自然以及合成图像的分割结果,并与LCK模型作比较,新的模型F-score数值最大,且迭代次数不大于50。结论 粗分割步骤能在小数据量的情况下,快速分割出粗略的目标;细分割步骤在较好的初始值条件下,能够快速收敛到最终的分割结果,从而有效提高了模型的计算效率和精确性。本文算法主要适用于分割含有未知噪声及灰度非同质的医学图像,且分割效率高。     

盐津乌骨鸡产品开发研究

为了促进云南省地方特色品种--盐津乌骨鸡养殖业的产业化发展,在参考我国传统禽类相关加工研究的基础上,充分利用盐津乌骨鸡各部位的肉质特点,探索了盐津乌骨鸡不同的深加工工艺和配方,开发研究出具有色、香、味、型的系列乌骨鸡风味产品.     

Optimization of the process of gelatin-ceftiofur sodium microspheres

Gelatin microsphere(GMS) was prepared through W/O emulsion chemical-crossline method.The best formula was selected by examining its appearance,size,drug carrier and drug dissolution rate.The experimental results showed that the optimized gelatin microspheres were spherical ball with smooth surface and had well dispersion.The average size of blank gelatin microspheres was 15.84 μm,while the loaded microspheres'average diameter were 33.10 μm.It was also shown that drug loading of microspheres increased with increasing loading capacity,but drug encapsulation efficiency had a trend of climbing up and then decline.The encapsulation efficiency reached the maximum when the dosage ratio was 2:1.And the results show ceftiofur sodium microspheres have sustained release in the PBS buffer of pH7.4.     

Preparation of PLGA ceftiofur hydrochlorate lungtargeted microsphere with spray drying process

To explore the preparation of PLGA ceftiofur hydrochlorate lung-targeted microsphere with spray drying process, the preparation technics was optimized by orthogonal experiments. Appearance, particle size, drug-loaded properties and medicine dissolution rate of the microsphere were evaluated. The experimental results show that the prepared PLGA microspheres loaded with ceftiofur hydrochlorate have good appearance, good encapsulate rate and dissolution. The drug loading capacity of ceftiofur-hydrochlorate-loaded PLGA microsphere prepared with spray drying process is 23.06%, i e, when the dosing ratio is 1：3, the encapsulate rate is 92.23% at maximum, and the release percentage of medicine is at 0.5 h. The medicine is released almost completely at 20 h and the accumulated medicine release is 98.12%.