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1.
Bao-Jia Li Yong-Ying Wang Li-Jing Huang Hai-Di Cao Qinghua Wang Nai-Fei Ren Hongtao Ding 《Ceramics International》2018,44(18):22225-22234
An ultrasonic-vibration-assisted laser annealing method was developed to enhance the performance of fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) thin films. The influences of ultrasonic vibration, laser scan line overlapping rate (LOR) and laser spot overlapping rate (SOR) on surface morphology, FTO layer thickness, RMS roughness, crystal structure and photoelectric properties of the FTO films were investigated. The results indicated that the presence of ultrasonic vibration during laser annealing could significantly enhance the film compactness, and using moderate LOR and SOR values resulted in significantly decreased FTO layer thicknesses and RMS roughnesses as well as slightly increased crystallite sizes, thus yielding significantly improved optical transmittance values and slightly enhanced electrical conductivity values. It was found that the optimal LOR and SOR values for ultrasonic-vibration-assisted laser annealing of the FTO films were 80% and 90%, respectively. The as-obtained film possessed the best overall photoelectric property with an average transmittance (400–800?nm) of 85.9%, a sheet resistance of 8.7?Ω/sq and a figure of merit of 2.51?×?10–2 Ω–1. This work may be of great significance in terms of performance optimization of transparent conducting oxide (TCO) thin films. 相似文献
2.
《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2020,45(51):26595-26603
As the most important part of electrochemical reaction in proton exchange membrane electrolysis cells (PEMECs) for water splitting, oxygen evolution reaction (OER) occurs at the anode catalyst layer (CL). The distribution of the OER site is affected by many factors, such as properties of CL, operation parameters, procedures, etc. To study the effects of properties of CLs on the distribution of OER site on the CL, and consequently affect the performance of PEMECs, CLs with different sheet resistances are tested under different operation conditions. The phenomena of OER on CLs are captured by a high-speed and micro-scale visualization system in-situ and analysed coupled with electrochemical results. The results show that both sheet resistance and wettability of CLs have significant impact on the distribution of the OER site, which can help optimize the design of membrane electrode assembly and improve the operating parameters for electrochemical devices. 相似文献
3.
本文介绍一种新颖的高层楼盖结构——板带梁,它将扁梁与无梁楼盖二种技术优点结合起来,变成一种新的梁板体系。这种板带梁克服了无梁楼盖设计中板梁分界线和配筋分区划分的模糊性,又将扁梁的高度再压缩从而又进一步达到加大室内净高或降低层高的目的。 相似文献
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Like in the case of macro deep drawing, the sheet thickness of mini drawn parts, with dimensions smaller than 20 mm and made from very thin sheets, is unevenly distributed and varies from minimum values resulted in the zone of part edge radius to maximum values in the upper zone of part vertical walls. Such variation of sheet thickness can cause for the resulted drawn parts some geometric deviations from their theoretic geometry or it can determine the parts failure. Hence, the main objective of the mini scale deep drawing processes is to obtain an increased accuracy by reducing the sheet thickness variation, or in other words to minimize the values of sheet thinning and thickening. The present paper analyses the results of investigations made by experiment and simulation concerning the use of different geometries of the tool components that permit to control and minimize the sheet thickness variation in the mini cylindrical drawn part zones where this phenomenon can generate negative effects and determine the part inaccuracy. The new geometries of tools were obtained by modifying the state of stress in the deformed sheet using adequate geometries of active surfaces of the die cavity and blank holder plate. 相似文献
6.
A videogrammetric as-built data collection method for digital fabrication of sheet metal roof panels
A roofing contractor typically needs to acquire as-built dimensions of a roof structure several times over the course of its build because a structure is never built to the exact drawing dimensions. In the construction phase and in order to digitally fabricate sheet metal roof panels, the contractor has to measure end-to-end dimensions of boundaries of every roof plane with a certain level of accuracy (i.e., errors less than ±2 cm). This is necessary to be able to cut sheet metal coil such that different pieces perfectly fit together. Obtaining these measurements using the exiting roof surveying methods could be costly in terms of equipment, labor, and/or worker exposure to safety hazards. This paper presents a video-based surveying framework as an alternative method which is simple to use, automated, less expensive, and safe. When using this framework, the contractor collects video streams with a calibrated stereo camera set. The captured data is processed to automatically generate a 3D wire-diagram of the target roof. Measurements from the wire-diagram are saved in a digital file (XML format) which could be loaded into an on-site sheet metal folding and cutting machine. Experimental analyses demonstrate applicability of the proposed framework. 相似文献
7.
本文介绍了几种常见聚酯树脂的性能特点及应用情况。介绍了GAG复合片材的成型设备和加工工艺。分析了加工过程的关键问题和解决方案。 相似文献
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Like all sheet metal forming methods, one of the main characteristics of parts formed by multi-point forming is dimensional deviation caused by elastic recovery that is known as spring-back. In this paper the effects of material property, sheet thickness and anisotropy ratio along with process parameters such as elastic layer thickness, elastic layer hardness and number of punch elements on spring-back are studied utilizing finite element simulations and experimental tests. Experimental tests are carried out under various conditions by forming V-shaped and Sin-shaped geometries. Aluminum alloy 3105, stainless steel 304 and pure copper were used as sheet materials for experiments. Likewise, black rubber with shore A hardness of 50 and polyurethane with hardness of 65 and 85 were allocated as elastic layers. The Abaqus® commercial code is employed for finite element simulations. The definition of yield behavior of utilized sheet materials is fulfilled by using three yield criteria of Barlat-89, Hill-48 and Von-Mises. Since the Barlat-89 is not adopted in Abaqus, VUMAT and UMAT user defined subroutines are provided and integrated with explicit simulation of forming process and implicit simulation of spring-back phenomenon respectively. The results indicate that parameters such as material property, blank thickness and anisotropy affect spring-back in multi-point forming. Also the thickness and hardness of elastic layers are novel ideas that should be considered in order to minimize the spring-back. In general, using the elastic layer with minimum possible thickness and greater hardness beside the maximum number of pins leads to minimum spring-back. 相似文献