聚酯类增塑剂的合成与应用研究进展

综述了国内外聚酯增塑剂的合成及应用的最新研究进展，重点介绍了超支化、生物基、石油基聚酯增塑剂的合成与制备方法以及不同类型聚酯增塑剂在聚氯乙烯(PVC)、淀粉、聚乳酸、聚氨酯弹性体与橡胶制品中的最新应用研究进展；并对聚酯增塑剂未来发展方向做了展望。     

环氧树脂基双组分水性聚氨酯的制备及其在木器涂料中的应用

为提高双组分水性聚氨酯的室温交联速度，将 N-苄基乙醇胺引入到环氧树脂制备了环氧树脂基水性多元醇，表征了多元醇的化学结构，并测定了其相对分子质量、粒径分布和玻璃化温度等主要技术参数。将环氧树脂基水性多元醇与多异氰酸酯配合制备了双组分水性聚氨酯，采用红外光谱法研究了室温交联反应过程。研究结果表明：多元醇分子结构中引入苄胺基加快了双组分水性聚氨酯的交联反应速度。将双组分水性聚氨酯制备成水性木器涂料，漆膜具有优异的耐冲击性、附着力、柔韧性、光泽、耐液体介质、硬度、丰满度等性能。     

Synthesis and properties of polyurethane elastomers based on renewable castor oil polyols

In this contribution, castor oil polyols with functionality of f = 2.7 and f = 2 are used as soft segments (SS) for synthesizing polyurethane elastomers (PUEs) without addition of petroleum-based polyol. The effect of molar ratio of castor oil polyols on structure and properties of PUEs has been investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, dynamic mechanical analysis, X-ray diffraction, tensile, swelling, and water absorption tests. The results reveal that hydrogen bonding mainly exists in hard segments (HSs) and weakens with decreasing the molar percentage of castor oil polyol (f = 2.7) in SS. T _g of SS decreases while T _g of HS remains constant as molar percentage of castor oil polyol (f = 2.7) decreased. The initial degradation temperatures (T_5%) are above 300 °C and independent of the molar ratio of castor oil polyols. However, the temperature at 50% weight loss (T_50%) decreases significantly as molar percentage of castor oil polyol (f = 2.7) decreased. Moreover, PUEs exhibit very low water absorption rate, <1%, after immersing in water for 140 h at room temperature. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019 , 136, 47309.     

无色分散剂在聚合物多元醇中的应用研究

使用自制的具有特殊双键结构、低黏度、无色透明分散剂(BDF-4)合成高固含量普通聚合物多元醇(POP)。实验表明,采用BDF-4合成的聚合物多元醇,不仅黏度低、粒子细腻,而且水溶性很好;同时,由于分散剂特殊的结构使得所制备的聚氨酯软泡具有较高的承载力。     

Polymer brush coatings for combating marine biofouling

A variety of functional polymer brushes and coatings have been developed for combating marine biofouling and biocorrosion with much less environmental impact than traditional biocides. This review summarizes recent developments in marine antifouling polymer brushes and coatings that are tethered to material surfaces and do not actively release biocides. Polymer brush coatings have been designed to inhibit molecular fouling, microfouling and macrofouling through incorporation or inclusion of multiple functionalities. Hydrophilic polymers, such as poly(ethylene glycol), hydrogels, zwitterionic polymers and polysaccharides, resist attachment of marine organisms effectively due to extensive hydration. Fouling release polymer coatings, based on fluoropolymers and poly(dimethylsiloxane) elastomers, minimize adhesion between marine organisms and material surfaces, leading to easy removal of biofoulants. Polycationic coatings are effective in reducing marine biofouling partly because of their good bactericidal properties. Recent advances in controlled radical polymerization and click chemistry have also allowed better molecular design and engineering of multifunctional brush coatings for improved antifouling efficacies.     

高耐候、耐磨型聚氨酯风电叶片涂料的研究

采用丙烯酸树脂和聚酯多元醇树脂拼用的方法制备了高耐候、耐磨型聚氨酯风电叶片涂料。通过改变丙烯酸树脂与聚酯多元醇树脂质量比设计了5个不同配方,分别对其涂膜性能进行表征并与某进口样品对比。试验表明,随着丙烯酸树脂用量的增加,涂膜的耐候性能随之变好;而增加聚酯多元醇用量时,则产品的耐冲击性能、附着力及耐磨性变优。所研制产品的耐磨性和附着力要优于某进口产品,且耐候性能与某进口产品相当。     

硅烷封端聚氨酯的制备及其应用研究进展

综述了近年来硅烷封端聚氨酯（SPU）的制备和应用研究进展。介绍了SPU的两种主要制备途径,并详述了SPU制备过程中主要原料的选择、SPU的固化机理、SPU的特性以及SPU在密封胶、粘接剂、热熔胶、涂料等方面的应用。     

水性聚氨酯涂料的合成

总结并讨论了水性聚氨酯涂料（PUR）的合成技术，包括组分和双组分系统，对单组分系统，可通过非离子和阴离子亲水改性合成高分子量的线型聚氨酯分散体，对双组分系统，异氰酸酯组分为水可分散的聚异氰酸酯，100％固体；羟基组分可为聚氨酯多元醇，也可以是含羟基聚丙烯酸酯类。