聚酰亚胺材料在惯性约束聚变制靶中的应用

聚酰亚胺材料机械性能、热性能及耐辐照性能都很好，是惯性约束聚变制靶中比较重要的靶材料。在制靶中最主要的应用是制备空心微球，其次是薄膜和柱腔。综述了聚酰亚胺材料的主要性能，聚酰亚胺微球的制备历史、现状及当前的发展方向。探讨了国内聚酰亚胺微球研制的基本思路。另外简单回顾了聚酰亚胺薄膜和柱腔在惯性约束聚变制靶中的应用现状。     

氢化锂薄膜的应用研究

阐述了氢化锂薄膜在惯性约束聚变中的应用背景,介绍了多层膜间隔层和惯性约束聚变中靶丸燃料的研究现状及存在的问题,展望了利用脉冲激光沉积技术制备氢化锂薄膜用作多层膜间隔层和靶丸燃料的发展方向。     

高分子材料在ICF靶中的应用及其制备技术

概述了高分子材料在惯性约束聚变靶中，作为氘－氚燃料容器、泡沫材料、空心固体靶丸、膜层材料、靶装配胶等方面的应用，并简要介绍了有关材料的特性及其制备方法。     

高分子聚合物在ICF靶中的应用

概述了高分子聚合物在惯性约束聚变（ＩＣＦ）靶中氘－氚燃料容器、泡沫材料、空心固体靶丸、膜层材料、靶装配胶等方面的应用，并简要介绍了有关材料的特性及其制备方法。     

低密度TMPTA泡沫的制备及表征

低密度聚合物泡沫在惯性约束聚变靶及电磁内爆靶中应用十分广泛。以三羟甲基丙烷三丙烯酸酯(TMP-TA)为聚合单体,安息香甲基醚为引发剂,通过紫外光引发生成凝胶,经超临界干燥得到TMPTA泡沫材料。通过红外光谱仪和元素分析仪确定了TMPTA单体中官能团转化率及泡沫纯度的表征。实验结果表明,聚合反应过程中,在1636cm-1附近碳碳双键(C=C)的转化率为40.48%,泡沫为高纯度的低密度TMPTA泡沫,机械强度可满足核磁内爆靶(Z-pinch)靶装配的需求。     

激光聚变靶用RF空心泡沫微球的制备及研究进展

在惯性约束聚变研究中,RF空心泡沫微球具有低原子序数(Z)、低密度(ρ)可以降低辐射驱动内爆过程中燃料预热及流体力学不稳定性、提高实验增益,并且由于光学透明性便于实验过程的诊断,成为以后直接驱动点火的首选靶材料.综述了几种制备方法的基本原理、成球过程控制、在惯性约束聚变制靶中的地位及RF空心微球的国内外发展现状及研究进展.     

液滴法在惯性约束聚变靶丸制备技术中的应用

综述了液滴法用于制备惯性约束聚变（ICF）物理实验靶丸中的历史、现状与发展，评述了液滴法制备玻璃微球、塑料微球、泡沫微球和金属微球的优缺点和弥补技术，初步探讨了液滴法作为ICF靶丸制备技术的方向。     

核聚变用靶丸材料研究进展

激光驱动惯性约束点火是实现核聚变的最有效途径之一,靶丸的设计与制备技术一直是激光惯性约束聚变研究中的核心技术。综述了目前靶丸材料体系的研究现状,重点介绍了理论计算十分有利于点火实验的纯B4C空心微球靶丸。最后,对B4C空心微球靶丸的制备成型工艺进行了展望。     

Parylene膜的沉积聚合过程及其影响因素

Parylene是一种性能优异的高分子聚合物，其制备一般采用Gorham法，即在真空条件下，将对二甲苯环二体在373K以上加热升华为气态，再经963K左右高温裂解成对二甲苯单体粒子单分子，单体进入娩积室，在基体表面沉积、聚合，形成线性的聚对二甲苯薄膜。原料的升华与裂解速率、沉积压力、基体温度等都是影响Parylene膜沉积速率、膜结构与性能的重要因素。     

惯性约束聚变靶材料的聚苯乙烯掺杂技术

介绍了惯性约束聚变中的聚苯乙烯掺杂塑料靶材料的制备方法与分析方法，即ＰＳ掺卤素和过渡金属元素等掺杂物的合成，分子量和分子量分布的控制，掺入元素量的控制及主要分析测试手段；并简述了它们在ＩＣＦ中的应用。     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

The Research of Anti-Wear Properties of Organomolybdenum Compounds in the Engine Oils

A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the anti-wear performance of three kinds of organomolybdemun compounds in the engine oils, i. e., molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP), molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate ( MoDTC), and sulphur and phosphorus freeorganomolybdeum (Molybdate). The results indicate that a low concentration of MoDDP doesn' t improve the anti-wear properties of the commercial engine oils, but a high concentration of MoDDP can obviously improve the anti-wear properties and the load-carrying capacity of the engine oils. MoDTC doesn' t improve the antiwear properties of the engine oils, but worsens the anti-wear properties of the oils. Signifi can timprove ment of frictional and wear characteristics is obtained with Molybdate added in the commercial engine oils and the formulated oils.     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

Refrigerators Enter a New Era of Health Preservation Frestech initiates the establishment of China's first standard for household sterilization refrigerators

On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

A study of centrifugal cast high boron high speed steel

In the present study a high‐boron high speed steel (HSS) roll material was designed. Many expensive alloy elements have been substituted by cheap boron alloy, and high‐boron high speed steel roll has been manufactured by centrifugal casting method. The microstructures, mechanical properties and wear resistance of centrifugal casting high‐boron high speed steel roll have been investigated by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, hardness test, impact test and wear test. The results indicated that the solidification microstructures of high‐boron high speed steel roll consisted of M₂(B,C), (W,Mo)₂(B,C), M₃(B,C), M₂₃(B,C)₆ type borocarbides and martensite, a small amount of retained austenite. Borocarbides were continuously distributed over the grain boundary. After quenching from 1050 °C, local broken network appeared in partial borocarbides, and fine secondary borocarbide precipitated from the matrix. After tempering from 525 °C, the amount of precipitated borocarbide increased significantly. After heat treatment, the hardness of high‐boron high speed steel roll excelled 60 HRC, and its impact toughness excelled 8.0 J/cm². The single groove steel rolling amount of high‐boron high speed steel rolls increases by 500% than that of bainite cast iron roll, when the rolls are used in K₁ mill housing of bar mill.     

Certification Becomes Important for the I Quality; and Safety Supervision of the Chinese Liquor Sector

The end of 2007, over 200 unit products of more than 80 Chinese firms have passed the quality grade certification for liquor products. These products involve distilled spirits, beer, wine, yellow wine, fruit syrup wine and others, and cover over 80% of the national top-branded liquor products.……     

Deposition and Coating Properties on CVD Tungsten

Surface characterization and microstructure studies are performed on chemical vapor deposited (CVD) tungsten coating. There is about 2 μm thickness diffusion layer of tungsten in the molybdenum substrate. The thermal shock test shows tungsten coating has good adhesion with molybdenum substrate, but the elements of oxygen and carbon in the tungsten coating have the bad affection to the adhesion. The result of high-temperature diffusion experiment is the diffusion rate from molybdenum substrate to tungsten coating is faster.